China's proposing behavior in Global Governance: the cases of the WTO Doha Round negotiation and G-20 process

This article examines China's proposals on the reform of global governance, and discusses the main features of China's proposing behavior in the cases of the WTO Doha Round negotiation and G-20 Process. The main findings are: (1) in the critical junctures of global governance reform, China engaged the reform of the global governance institutions proactively, and put forward a series of reform proposals; (2) in proposing behavior, China argued the global governance institutions should be properly adjusted without intention to change the basic principles, refrained from playing a leadership role while proposing jointly with other countries, and upheld the principled idea of pro-development.

Between system maker and privileges taker: the role of China in the Greater Mekong Sub-region

Utilizing China's leadership projects in the Great Mekong Sub-Region (GMS) as a case study, this paper aims to investigate whether China qualifies as an international leader. This work argues that its geographic position and economic rise allow China to be a "system maker and privilege taker," which is a dual role forming in economic-political relations in the GMS in the last ten years. China is among major driving forces to set up an economic zone in GMS. Growing Chinese regional power is intimately related to the creation of various hubs connecting regional transportation, communication and energy systems that foster the economic development of this region. However, China also proves dark sides of rising powers which take advantage of their privileges to gain benefits. As a "system maker" with its own position and capability, China has notably benefited from building hydropower systems. More importantly, while China is pursuing its benefits and privileges, its hydropower projects have caused some negative effects for the ecosystem in the region. The inflation of dam constructions in both China and GMS countries is raising concerns about using natural resources of the Mekong River. Our concluding part addresses the pressing need to start a serious discussion on the balance between national interests and regional solidarity within the formulation of Chinese foreign policy in GMS.

The tale of a Trojan horse or the quest for market access? China and the World Trade Organization

In 2001, China finally joined the WTO. The accession of China was looked forward to by many WTO members and China itself. However, observers had some fears that the Chinese accession would prove to be a Trojan horse, disrupting the working of the WTO. This paper looks into the Chinese accession and its involvement in the WTO Dispute Settlement and argues that these fears seem so far to be unfounded.

Macau in China's relations with the lusophone world

After the transfer of the Portuguese administration to China, Macau kept its role as a bridge between East and West, inspired in the Portuguese settlement 500 years ago. The pragmatism of the Chinese central government, using the Lusophone specificities of this Special Administrative Region, supported the creation of the Forum for Economic and Trade Cooperation between China and the Portuguese-speaking Countries, reviving the statute of the Portuguese language and culture in its own territory.

Muddle or march: China and the 21st century Concert of Powers

Concert of Powers has emerged as an attractive modality in global governance. As an emerging power, China must seriously take this template into account. This article seeks to analyze the incentives, possibilities, and uncertainties for China to participate in Concert with reference to China's history memory on Concert, China's intellectual endeavors, as well as China's evolving foreign preferences. It concludes that China is generally qualified and capable of being a key participant in Concert of Powers with increasing willingness. Yet, China's involvement depends on 1) if Concert template can overcome its own deficiencies; 2) if Concert have competitive advantages compared with other governance alternatives for China; and 3) if China can keep its momentum on both willingness and capacity in power transition.

Análise crítica de soluções construtivas de revestimentos de paredes exteriores

A presente dissertação tem como tema a “análise crítica de soluções construtivas de revestimentos de paredes exteriores” e está dividida em capítulos, cada um com uma abordagem específica acerca dos revestimentos. Os revestimentos de paredes exteriores são os elementos mais exteriores e assim, os elementos de protecção da parede. Existem diversos revestimentos possíveis para o revestimento de paredes exteriores, contudo neste documento foi feita uma abordagem aos que se considera actualmente mais usados: reboco tradicional, monocamada, ETICS, placas de pedra e ladrilhos cerâmico. Assim, neste trabalho foi feita uma introdução ao tema e depois uma descrição dos aspectos mais relevantes de cada revestimento estudado, nomeadamente as características, modos de aplicação, vantagens, desvantagens, anomalias e formas de ultrapassar essas anomalias. Após ter bem presente cada revestimento, foi essencial descrever todas as visitas efectuadas a obras onde se estava a fazer a sua colocação e a edifícios com alguns anos de vida útil, fazendo-se posteriormente uma comparação entre o observado e a descrição efectuada anteriormente à observação directa. Por fim faz-se uma verificação acerca do cumprimento dos objectivos propostos inicialmente e retiram-se conclusões elucidativas acerca dos revestimentos em causa, referindo aspectos que se consideram importantes desenvolver futuramente.