N-terminal fusion of a toll-like receptor 2-ligand to a Neospora caninum chimeric antigen efficiently modifies the properties of the specific immune response

Immunoprophylactic products against neosporosis during pregnancy should induce an appropriately balanced immune response. In this respect, OprI, a bacterial lipoprotein targeting toll like receptor (TLR)2, provides promising adjuvant properties. We report on the manipulation of the innate and the T-cell immune response through the fusion of OprI with the Neospora caninum chimeric protein Mic3-1-R. In contrast to Mic3-1-R, OprI-MIC3-1-R significantly activated bone-marrow dendritic cells from naïve mice. Mice immunized with OprI-Mic3-1-R induced an immune response with mixed T helper (Th)1 and Th2 properties (high levels of both immunoglobulin (Ig)G1 and IgG2a and of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-12(p70) and interferon-γ responses) whereas Mic3-1-R+saponin induced a clear Th2-biased response (low IgG2a and high IL-4 and IL-10). After mating and challenge with N. caninum, increased expression of interferon-γ was only found in placentas from OprI-Mic3-1-R immunized dams. However, no protection against vertical transmission and neonatal mortality was observed in either of the two groups. These results indicated that more exhaustive studies must be done to elucidate the immune mechanisms associated with transplacental transmission. Antigen linkage to TLR2-ligands, such as OprI, is a useful tool to investigate this enigma by reorienting the innate and adaptive immune responses against other candidate antigens in future studies.

Effet du CP-3(iv), un ligand du récepteur CD36, sur le stress oxydatif suite à une ischémie cardiaque transitoire chez la souris

Le récepteur éboueur CD36 facilite l’internalisation des acides gras libres non estérifiés (AGNE) au niveau des tissus cardiaque et périphériques. Lors d’une ischémie-reperfusion du myocarde (MI/R), les dommages produits sont en partie liés à l’internalisation des AGNE et à la production d’espèces réactives de l’oxygène, contrairement à ce qui est observé chez des souris déficientes en CD36 (CD36-/-). Nous avons émis l’hypothèse selon laquelle le CP-3(iv), un ligand synthétique du récepteur CD36, exercerait un effet cardioprotecteur en réduisant la taille de la zone myocardique infarcie lors d’une ischémie transitoire du myocarde. Nos objectifs étaient 1) de déterminer l’effet cardioprotecteur du CP-3(iv) et 2) de définir son mécanisme. Pour cela, des études in vivo et ex vivo ont été faites. Des souris de type sauvage ont été traitées avec le CP-3(iv) (289 nmol/kg) par voie sous-cutanée pendant 14 jours avant d’être soumises à 30 minutes d’ischémie suivant la ligature de l’artère coronaire gauche descendante et de sa reperfusion pendant une période de 6 ou 48 heures. De plus, des coeurs isolés de souris ont été perfusés 30 minutes, suivi de 40 minutes à faible débit (10%) et de 30 minutes de reperfusion pendant laquelle le coeur est perfusé avec le CP-3(iv) à une concentration de 10-6 M. Nos travaux ont montré que l’effet cardioprotecteur d’un traitement préventif par le CP-3(iv) permet de diminuer la taille de l’infarctus et préserve l’hémodynamie cardiaque de façon dépendante du CD36 puisque cet effet est non visible chez les souris CD36-/-. De plus, le CP-3(iv) exerce non seulement un effet systémique, mais aussi un effet cardioprotecteur direct sur le coeur isolé.

On computing the rank function for a set of vectors /

Includes bibliographical references.

A rank deception : a farce in two acts /

Includes original t.p.: "...as originally presented by amateurs in Charleston, S. C., January 9th, 11th, 14th and 16, 1899."

The nurse's guide or Short and safer rules for the management of women of each rank and condition in child-bed : : with directions about the choice of a wet-nurse in a dialogue betwixt a surgeon and a nurse.

Mode of access: Internet.

Strictures on the modern system of female education : with a view of the principles and conduct prevalent among women of rank and fortune /

Mode of access: Internet.

Original letters, written during the reigns of Henry VI., Edward IV., and Richard III. by various persons of rank or consequence; containing many curious anecdotes, relative to that period of our history,

Vol. 5 has title "Original letters, written during the reigns of Henry VI., Edward IV., Edward V., Richard III., and Henry VII." This volume was published after Fenn's death by his nephew, William Frere, and includes an "Advertisement containing notices of the life of Sir John Fenn, by ... Frere."

Strictures on the modern system of female education. : With a view of the principles and conduct prevalent among women of rank and fortune. /

Advertisements: [1] p. at end of v. 2.

Strictures on the modern system of female education : with a view of the principles and conduct prevalent among women of rank and fortune /

Shaw & Shoemaker

Chrysal : or the Adventures of a Guinea ; wherein are exhibited views of several striking scenes ; with interesting anecdotes of the most noted persons in every rank of life, through whose hands it has passed /

Mode of access: Internet.

How to be happy or Fairy gifts, proving the insufficiency of talents, fortune, rank, and riches, to deserve contemtment.

Mode of access: Internet.

1980 presidential rank awards for the senior executive service /

"September 9, 1980."

The Military history of Ohio : Its border annals, its part in the Indian wars, in the war of 1812, in the Mexican war, and in the war of the rebellion, with a prefix, giving a compendium of the history of the United States ... Special local department in editions by counties, giving a roster of Ohio's rank and file from the county in the war of the rebellion, regimental histories, with histories of its G. A. R. and Ladies' Auxiliary Posts, and Camps of Sons of the Veterans.

Mode of access: Internet.