UK Public Private Partnerships and the Credit Crunch: A Case of Risk Contagion?

During the past twenty years, the UK has relied heavily on Public Private Partnerships (PPP) and especially the Private Finance Initiative in the procurement of infrastructure and services. Discussing the causes of the credit crunch and its effects on PPP, this paper notes that the provision of new public sector infrastructure and related services has been adversely affected by the impact of the credit crunch on Private Finance Initiatives (PFIs). These problems have arisen primarily from the unwillingness of commercial banks to replace collapsed PFI bond financing unless new PFI contracts reduce financial risks; which, in turn, is likely to increase the cost of these projects to the public sector. Additional financial strains have arisen for the UK government from the need to bail out collapsed PFI projects. Overall we find evidence that the UK commitment to PFI has not only increased immediate fiscal pressures on the UK when these have become least palatable, but has also created fiscal vulnerabilities at local and national levels which are likely to hamper the country’s ability to launch counter-cyclical responses to the ongoing crisis.

Perspectives on the Future of Public Private Partnership in the UK

During the past two decades the UK has played a leading position in the development and application of Public Private Partnership (PPP) based infrastructure procurement through its Private Finance Initiative model. This model had been developed during the last years of the Major Government and expanded during the early years of the Blair Government. The banking and economic crisis of 2007-09 has created major challenges to the use of PPP in the UK, making the sustainability of past levels of PPP investment and the future direction of PPP based infrastructure procurement in that country uncertain. This chapter summarises key developments in UK PPP up to the crisis; reviews the economic issues that have led up to the crisis; discusses the immediate impact of the crisis on the UK PFI and PPP market together with the transition arrangements that were put into to place by the Brown government; and, lastly, looks at recent initiatives taken by Cameron’s Conservative-Liberal Coalition Government under the designation of Private Finance 2 (PF2).

An Overview of Public Private Partnership

In many developed and developing countries there has been a move toward an increased reliance on Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) for infrastructure development. This involves an engagement with, or participation of, private companies and the public sector in the financing and provision of infrastructure. In most countries these PPP arrangements have been aimed at overcoming broad public sector constraints in relation to either a lack of public capital; and/or a lack of public sector capacity, resources and specialized expertise to develop, manage, and operate infrastructure assets.
In a number of countries Public Private Partnerships are now commonly used to accelerate economic growth, development and infrastructure delivery and to achieve quality service delivery and good governance. The spectrum of nature and types of public private partnerships (PPPs) are vast, making a precise and complete definition of a PPP difficult. However, significant developments in the use of PPP in many countries have made it increasingly important to understand these practices, as well as to unveil any underlying common principles and problems and to capture and develop a body of good practices, where such can be achieved.

The Role and Effectiveness of Public – Private Partnerships (NHS LIFT) in the Development of Enhanced Primary Care Premises and Services:Report for the National Institute for Health Research Service Delivery and Organisation programme

The research project analysed the role and effectiveness of LIFT via a multi-method study which included semi-structured interviews with policy elites and users, as well as case studies and an exploratory analysis of the financial characteristics of three LIFT Companies. While the team felt that it was able to identify key aspects relating to the advantages and drawbacks surrounding LIFT, some aspects relating to the representativeness of the study was adversely affected by a reluctance of PCTs to participate in the case study analysis and commercial confidentiality restrictions. The study was nonetheless able to identify important issues in relation to the funding and procurement of primary care premises and services.

Copyright & Risk: Scoping the Wellcome Digital Library Project (peer reviewed)

Copyright & Risk: Scoping the Wellcome Digital Library is a comprehensive case study which assesses the merits of the risk-managed approach to copyright clearance adopted by the Wellcome Library in the course of their pilot digitisation project Codebreakers: Makers of Modern Genetics (http://wellcomelibrary.org/collections/digital-collections/makers-of-modern-genetics/#).

Length of stay comparisons for private and public hospitals.

This analysis uses average length of stay as a proxy for efficiency, to compare the Australian private and public hospital sectors. We conclude that private hospitals are more efficient than public hospitals in providing the range of care provided by private hospitals. However, public hospitals are more efficient in handling the casemix of the public hospital sector. The picture is more complicated when particular types of care (such as obstetric and psychiatric) are excluded.

Qualidade, sustentabilidade e FCS: o caso de uma IES privada no Brasil

Este trabalho de investigação foi realizado com o objetivo geral de se descobrir quais são os Fatores Críticos de Sucesso e os aspectos chaves de qualidade e sustentabilidade, a serem considerados no ensino de Engenharia de Produção em um IES privada no Brasil. No presente estudo de caso executou-se uma revisão teórica sistemática nas áreas temáticas da pesquisa, que propiciou a criação de um framework que define os 7 Fatores Críticos de Sucesso ao ensino de Engenharia de Produção, apontando sua divisão nas áreas de qualidade e sustentabilidade, e, por fim, a subdivisão em 6 subáreas de ações operacionais a serem consideradas pela gestão de IES para alcançar melhorias de desempenho em suas atividades. Posteriormente ao levantamento teórico, foi realizado o estudo de caso propriamente dito, que dividiu-se em duas etapas, uma qualitativa e uma quantitativa. Na primeira elaborou-se um roteiro de entrevista em profundidade aplicada a um terço do corpo docente do curso em estudo, captando a impressão destes sobre as temáticas em estudo voltadas à execução de suas atividades. Os dados obtidos foram organizados com o auxílio do software WebQDA, gerando ideias do que deve ser trabalhado para melhorar as condições e resultados do referido curso. A etapa quantitativa foi iniciada com a elaboração de um questionário on-line, desenvolvido a partir do enquadramento teórico e da informação obtida na parte qualitativa do estudo, que envolveu respostas de cerca de dois terços dos discentes de Engenharia de Produção. A informação foi recolhida através de um formulário disponibilizado pelo googledocs, e os resultados foram analisados com o auxílio do software SPSS, permitindo conhecer as expectativas e percepções dos alunos e, consequentemente, os gaps provenientes a serem trabalhados. Finalmente, o estudo revelou que para aspectos de qualidade, os pontos de tangibilidade, como infraestrutura geral, laboratórios técnicos específicos, cantina e biblioteca, precisam ser melhorados, e, para aspectos de sustentabilidade, surge a necessidade de melhorar as formas de divulgação do curso, captação de alunos e propostas para a retenção dos mesmos para outros cursos e projetos da IES. Deste modo, o trabalho desenvolvido atingiu seu objetivo e se mostrou válido para aplicações na IES e em outros cursos da mesma (com as devidas adaptações). Fica como recomendação final aplicar o estudo periodicamente para se captar as mudanças situacionais que ocorrerem, manter um controle eficiente dos aspectos estudados e gerar melhorias contínuas no curso estudado e na própria IES.

Public-private partnerships and efficiency in public procurement of primary healthcare infrastructure: a qualitative research in the NHS UK

Aim There is growing interest in the contribution of public-private partnerships (PPPs) bridging the shortage of financial resources and management expertise in developing public healthcare infrastructure. However, few studies have evidenced PPPs’ ability in increasing efficiency in public procurement of primary healthcare infrastructure. The aim of this study was to assess to what extent PPPs would increase efficiency in public procurement of primary healthcare facilities. Subject and Methods A qualitative analysis, adopting a realistic research evaluation method, used data collected from a purposive sample of public (n=23) and private sector staff (n=2) directly involved in the UK National Health Service Local Improvement Finance Trust (LIFT). Results We find a positive association of LIFT helping to bridge public sector capital shortages for developing primary care surgeries. LIFT is negatively associated with inefficient procurement because it borrows finance from private banks, leaving public agencies paying high interest rates. The study shows that some contextual factors and mechanisms in LIFT play a major part in obstructing public staff from increasing procurement efficiency. Conclusion PPP’s ability to increase efficiency may be determined by contextual factors and mechanisms that restrict discretion over critical decisions by frontline public sector staff. Developing their capacity in monitoring PPP activities may make partnerships more efficient.

LibWorld - library blogging worldwide

On April, 23rd 2007 a series of postings started on Infobib.de, where guest authors from all over the world introduced the library and library related blogs of their own country. This book is a collection of 30 revised LibWorld articles, accompanied by a foreword by Walt Crawford. Included are articles about the blogosphere of: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Malawi, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Puerto Rico, Russia, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Trinidad & Tobago, USA.

Veda Quick Cheraw Library card application

This is a signed library card for Vada Quick to the Cheraw Library, dated November 30, 1939.