Le bailli d’Amiens comme relais de l’autorité royale dans le Nord de la France au temps de Philippe VI (1328-1350)

Carte du bailliage en fichier complémentaire.

Mechanical simulation of the endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms

Ce travail de thèse porte sur la simulation du déploiement des prothèses vasculaires de type stent-graft (SG) lors de la réparation endovasculaire (EVAR) des anévrismes de l’aorte abdominale (AAA). Cette étude se présente en trois parties: (i) tests mécaniques en flexion et compression de SG couramment utilisés (corps et jambage de marque Cook) ainsi que la simulation numérique desdits tests, (ii) développement d’un modèle numérique d’anévrisme, (iii) stratégie de simulation du déploiement des SG. La méthode numérique employée est celle des éléments finis. Dans un premier temps, une vérification du modèle éléments finis (MEF) des SG est realisée par comparaison des différents cas de charge avec leur pendant expérimental. Ensuite, le MEF vasculaire (AAA) est lui aussi vérifié lors d’une comparaison des niveaux de contraintes maximales principales dans la paroi avec des valeurs de la littérature. Enfin, le déploiement est abordé tout en intégrant les cathéters. Les tests mécaniques menés sur les SG ont été simulés avec une différence maximale de 5,93%, tout en tenant compte de la pré-charge des stents. Le MEF de la structure vasculaire a montré des contraintes maximales principales éloignées de 4,41% par rapport à un modèle similaire précédemment publié. Quant à la simulation du déploiement, un jeu complet de SG a pu être déployé avec un bon contrôle de la position relative et globale, dans un AAA spécifique pré-déformé, sans toutefois inclure de thrombus intra-luminal (TIL). La paroi du AAA a été modélisée avec une loi de comportement isotropique hyperélastique. Étant donné que la différence maximale tolérée en milieu clinique entre réalité et simulation est de 5%, notre approche semble acceptable et pourrait donner suite à de futurs développements. Cela dit, le petit nombre de SG testés justifie pleinement une vaste campagne de tests mécaniques et simulations supplémentaires à des fins de validation.

De la polémique au catéchisme : les méthodes d'évangélisation des morisques en Espagne (XVe-XVIe siècle)

Réalisé en co-tutelle avec l'Université Paul-Valéry-Montpellier III.

De episcopis Hispaniarum : agents of continuity in the long fifth century

En année 408 après J.-C., l’Espagne, malgré sa position péninsulaire à la fin de l’Europe, était intégrée à une culture pan-Méditerranéenne qui s’étendait du Portugal jusqu’à la Syrie. Trois décennies n’étaient pas encore passées depuis l’instauration du Christianisme comme religion de l’état romain et l’Eglise Catholique était en pleine croissance. L’année suivante, l’Espagne entra sur une voie de transformation irrémédiable alors que les païens, avec leurs langues barbares Germaniques franchirent les Pyrénées portant la guerre et la misère aux Hispano-Romains et fondant leurs royaumes là où auparavant gouvernait l’état romain. Dans le désarroi du Ve siècle, les évêques Catholiques luttèrent pour imposer leur dominance dans les communautés et dans les coeurs des pieux. À la lumière des progrès dans l’archéologie et la qualité des éditions critiques de nos sources littéraires est venu le moment d’identifier les évêques ibériques avec une attention aux conditions régionales. Ce mémoire caractérise les évêques de l’Espagne et du Portugal et démontre les épreuves auxquelles ils firent face comme intermédiaires entre indigènes et envahisseurs, comme évangélistes parmi les païens, persécuteurs des apostates et gardiens de la romanitas à la fin du monde Antique.

Synthesis and Characterization Of Some Transition Metal Complexes Of Multidentate Ligands

Coordination chemistry of schiff bases is of considerable interest due to their various magnetic, catalytic and biological applications. Here it describes the spectral characterization of schiff bases and its Mn (II), Cu (II) and Ni (II) complexes. Then synthesis and spectral characterization of Zn (II), Cd (II) and Co (II) complexes of schiff base derived from 3-Formylsalicilic Acid and 1,3-diaminopropane. Then it discusses the synthesis and spectral studies of Copper (II) complexes of 2-Hydroxyacetophenone N-phenyl semicarbazone. Finally it discusses the synthesis and spectral characterization of Co (III) complexes of salicylaldehyde N-phenyl semicarbazone. The preparation and characterization of Cobalt (III) complexes of salicylaldehyde, N-phenylthiosemicarbazone containing hetrocyclic bases phenalthroline and bipyridine. Thiocyanate, azide and perchlorate ions act as coligands. Elemental analysis suggests +3 state for Cobalt. HNMR, IR and UV-visible spectra characterize the complexes.

Ruthenium complexes of Schiff base ligands as efficient catalysts for catechol–hydrogen peroxide reaction

Zeolite Y-encapsulated ruthenium(III) complexes of Schiff bases derived from 3-hydroxyquinoxaline-2-carboxaldehyde and 1,2- phenylenediamine, 2-aminophenol, or 2-aminobenzimidazole (RuYqpd, RuYqap and RuYqab, respectively) and the Schiff bases derived from salicylaldehyde and 1,2-phenylenediamine, 2-aminophenol, or 2-aminobenzimidazole (RuYsalpd, RuYsalap and RuYsalab, respectively) have been prepared and characterized. These complexes, except RuYqpd, catalyze catechol oxidation by H2O2 selectively to 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene. RuYqpd is inactive. A comparative study of the initial rates and percentage conversion of the reaction was done in all cases. Turn over frequency of the catalysts was also calculated. The catalytic activity of the complexes is in the order RuYqap > RuYqab for quinoxaline-based complexes and RuYsalap > RuYsalpd > RuYsalab for salicylidene-based complexes. The reaction is believed to proceed through the formation of a Ru(V) species.

Characterization and Catalytic Activity of Polymer Supported Ruthenium Schiff Base Complexes Towards Catechol Oxidation

Ruthenium(III) complexes of the Schiff bases formed by the condensation of polymer bound aldehyde and the amines, such as 1,2-phenylenediamine (PS-opd), 2-aminophenol (PS-ap), and 2-aminobenzimidazole (PS-ab) have been prepared. The magnetic moment, EPR and electronic spectra suggest an octahedral structure for the complexes. The complexes of PS-opd, PS-ap, and PS-ab have been assigned the formula [PS-opdRuCl3(H2O)], [PS-apRuCl2(H2O)2], [PS-ab- RuCl3(H2O)2], respectively. These complexes catalyze oxidation of catechol using H2O2 selectively to o-benzoquinone. The catalytic activity of the complexes is in the order [PS-ab- RuCl3(H2O)2] . [PS-opdRuCl3(H2O)] [PS-apRuCl2(H2O)2]. Mechanism of the catalytic oxidation of catechol by ruthenium( III) complex is suggested to take place through the formation of a ruthenium(II) complex and its subsequent oxidation by H2O2 to the ruthenium(III) complex.

Some concepts and models usefulninthe analysis of discrete life time data

This thesis entitled Reliability Modelling and Analysis in Discrete time Some Concepts and Models Useful in the Analysis of discrete life time data.The present study consists of five chapters. In Chapter II we take up the derivation of some general results useful in reliability modelling that involves two component mixtures. Expression for the failure rate, mean residual life and second moment of residual life of the mixture distributions in terms of the corresponding quantities in the component distributions are investigated. Some applications of these results are also pointed out. The role of the geometric,Waring and negative hypergeometric distributions as models of life lengths in the discrete time domain has been discussed already. While describing various reliability characteristics, it was found that they can be often considered as a class. The applicability of these models in single populations naturally extends to the case of populations composed of sub-populations making mixtures of these distributions worth investigating. Accordingly the general properties, various reliability characteristics and characterizations of these models are discussed in chapter III. Inference of parameters in mixture distribution is usually a difficult problem because the mass function of the mixture is a linear function of the component masses that makes manipulation of the likelihood equations, leastsquare function etc and the resulting computations.very difficult. We show that one of our characterizations help in inferring the parameters of the geometric mixture without involving computational hazards. As mentioned in the review of results in the previous sections, partial moments were not studied extensively in literature especially in the case of discrete distributions. Chapters IV and V deal with descending and ascending partial factorial moments. Apart from studying their properties, we prove characterizations of distributions by functional forms of partial moments and establish recurrence relations between successive moments for some well known families. It is further demonstrated that partial moments are equally efficient and convenient compared to many of the conventional tools to resolve practical problems in reliability modelling and analysis. The study concludes by indicating some new problems that surfaced during the course of the present investigation which could be the subject for a future work in this area.

Studies on vibrio spp. in juveniles of penaeus indicus in culture systems

The present study is carried out to understand (i) the incidence and occurrence of species of Vibrio in different culture systems in and around Cochin, (ii) characteristics of vibrios isolates, their ecology including growth response to various hydrological parameters, sensitivity to about 40 antibiotics, and (iii) role of physico-chemical parameters in pathogenicity of vibrios, etc. and the results emerged from the investigations are important and encouraging for better understanding of the 'vibriosis' in the culture systems to develop remedial measures to control diseases. The Thesis begins with an “Introduction” followed by “A review of literature” on diseases of penaeid shrimps with particular reference to 'vibriosis' and “Material and methods” which details with the methods and procedures followed in the experiments and analyses of data. This Thesis consists of three chapters. Chapter Ideals with the incidence and ecology of Vibrio spp. in water, sediment and in juveniles of the Indian white prawn Penaeus indicus in the culture systems. In Chapter 2, characteristics of vibrio isolates including growth response to various levels oftemperature, salinity and pl 1, sensitivity to 40 antibiotics and minimal inhibitory concentration tests are detailed.e out-breaks. The Chapter 3 discusses the role of physico-chemical parameters in the incidence, seasonal abundance of Vibrio spp. and in 'vibriosis'. A summary of the whole work and list of references are also included at the end. This study gives a detailed information regarding the incidence and ecology of vibrios in the culture systems. their characteristics and pathogenicity

Hydrometeorological Studies of Kerala state in relation to the Western Ghats

Study of Kerala State in relation to the western Ghats, using The present thesis envisages a hydrometeorological various statistical techniques and the water balance concepts first developed by Thornthwaite. The first chapter of the thesis gives general introduction where the purpose and scope of the study have been given. Chapter II discusses the importance of hydrometeorological studies in general and of water balance in particular, in planning for the overall development of any region. Chapter III consists of the presentation of various geographical features of Kerala. An introduction to the physiography of the western Ghats and detailed hydroclimatic studies of the Western Ghats region which includes analysis of rainfall and the study of water balance elements form Chapter IV. In Chapter V, a detailed hydrometeorological study of Kerala State is made. Discussion of the results of the study and suggestions for optimum utilization of the available water resources for the overall development of the western Ghats region in general and Kerala in particular are made in Chapter VI.

Effects of fertilizer type and rate on partitioning of soil organic matter into pools of different stability

Type and rate of fertilizers influence the level of soil organic carbon (Corg) and total nitrogen (Nt) markedly, but the effect on C and N partitioning into different pools is open to question. The objectives of the present work were to: (i) quantify the impact of fertilizer type and rate on labile, intermediate and passive C and N pools by using a combination of biological, chemical and mathematical methods; (ii) explain previously reported differences in the soil organic matter (SOM) levels between soils receiving farmyard manure with or without biodynamic preparations by using Corg time series and information on SOM partitioning; and (iii) quantify the long-term and short-term dynamics of SOM in density fractions and microbial biomass as affected by fertilizer type and rate and determine the incorporation of crop residues into labile SOM fractions. Samples were taken from a sandy Cambisol from the long-term fertilization trial in Darmstadt, Germany, founded in 1980. The nine treatments (four field replicates) were: straw incorporation plus application of mineral fertilizer (MSI) and application of rotted farmyard manure with (DYN) or without (FYM) addition of biodynamic preparations, each at high (140 – 150 kg N ha-1 year-1; MSIH, DYNH, FYMH), medium (100 kg N ha-1 year-1; MSIM, DYNM, FYMM) and low (50 – 60 kg N ha-1 year-1; MSIL, DYNL, FYML) rates. The main findings were: (i) The stocks of Corg (t ha-1) were affected by fertilizer type and rate and increased in the order MSIL (23.6), MSIM (23.7), MSIH (24.2) < FYML (25.3) < FYMM (28.1), FYMH (28.1). Stocks of Nt were affected in the same way (C/N ratio: 11). Storage of C and N in the modelled labile pools (turnover times: 462 and 153 days for C and N, respectively) were not influenced by the type of fertilizer (FYM and MSI) but depended significantly (p ≤ 0.05) on the application rate and ranged from 1.8 to 3.2 t C ha 1 (7 – 13% of Corg) and from 90 to 140 kg N ha-1 (4-5% of Nt). In the calculated intermediate pool (C/N ratio 7), stocks of C were markedly higher in FYM treatments (15-18 t ha-1) compared to MSI treatments (12-14 t ha-1). This showed that differences in SOM stocks in the sandy Cambisol induced by fertilizer rate may be short-lived in case of changing management, but differences induced by fertilizer type may persist for decades. (ii) Crop yields, estimated C inputs (1.5 t ha-1 year-1) with crop residue, microbial bio¬mass C (Cmic, 118 – 150 mg kg-1), microbial biomass N (17 – 20 mg kg-1) and labile C and N pools did not differ significantly between FYM and DYN treatments. However, labile C increased linearly with application rate (R2 = 0.53) from 7 to 11% of Corg. This also applied for labile N (3.5 to 4.9% of Nt). The higher contents of Corg in DYN treatments existed since 1982, when the first sampling was conducted for all individual treatments. Contents of Corg between DYN and FYM treatments con-verged slightly since then. Furthermore, at least 30% of the difference in Corg was located in the passive pool where a treatment effect could be excluded. Therefore, the reported differences in Corg contents existed most likely since the beginning of the experiment and, as a single factor of biodynamic agriculture, application of bio-dynamic preparations had no effect on SOM stocks. (iii) Stocks of SOM, light fraction organic C (LFOC, ρ ≤ 2.0 g cm-3), light fraction organic N and Cmic decreased in the order FYMH > FYML > MSIH, MSIL for all sampling dates in 2008 (March, May, September, December). However, statistical significance of treatment effects differed between the dates, probably due to dif-ferences in the spatial variation throughout the year. The high proportion of LFOC on total Corg stocks (45 – 55%) highlighted the importance of selective preservation of OM as a stabilization mechanism in this sandy Cambisol. The apparent turnover time of LFOC was between 21 and 32 years, which agreed very well with studies with substantially longer vegetation change compared to our study. Overall, both approaches; (I) the combination of incubation, chemical fractionation and simple modelling and (II) the density fractionation; provided complementary information on the partitioning of SOM into pools of different stability. The density fractionation showed that differences in Corg stocks between FYM and MSI treatments were mainly located in the light fraction, i.e. induced by higher recalcitrance of the organic input in the FYM treatments. Moreover, the use of the combination of biological, chemical and mathematical methods indicated that effects of fertilizer rate on total Corg and Nt stocks may be short-lived, but that the effect of fertilizer type may persist for longer time spans in the sandy Cambisol.

Effects of grassland renovation on carbon concentrations and aggregate distribution in temperate grassland soils

The effects of continuous tillage on the distribution of soil organic matter (SOM) and aggregates have been well studied for arable soils. However, less is known about the effects of sporadic tillage on SOM and aggregate dynamics in grassland soils. The objectives of the present thesis were (I) to study the longer-term effects of sporadic tillage of grassland on organic carbon (Corg) stocks and the distribution of aggregates and SOM, (II) to investigate the combined effects of sporadic tillage and fertilization on carbon and nitrogen dynamics in grassland soils, and (III) to study the temporal dynamics of Corg stocks, aggregate distribution and microbial biomass in grassland soils. Soil samples were taken in three soil depths (0 – 10 cm; 10 – 25 cm; 25 – 40 cm) from a field trial with loamy sandy soils (Cambisols, Eutric Luvisols, Stagnosols, Anthrosols) north of Kiel, Germany. For Objective I we have sampled soil two and five years after one or two tillage operation(s). Treatments consisted of (i) permanent grassland, (ii) tillage of grassland followed by a re-establishment of grassland and (iii) tillage of grassland followed by a re-establishment of grassland with one season of winter wheat in between. The tillage in grassland led to a reduction in Corg stocks, large macroaggregates (>2000 µm) and SOM in the top 10 cm soil depth. These findings were still significant two years after tillage; however, five years after tillage no longer present. Regarding the soil profile (0 – 40 cm) no significant differences in the mentioned parameters between the tilled plots and the permanent grassland existed. A second tillage event and the insertion of one season of winter wheat did not lead to any further effects on Corg stocks as well as aggregate and SOM concentrations in comparison with a single tillage event in these grassland soils. Treatments adapted for Objective II included (i) long-term grassland and (ii) tillage of grassland followed by a re-establishment of grassland with one season of winter wheat in between. The plots were split and received either 240 kg N ha-1 year-1 in the form of cattle slurry or no cattle slurry application. The application of slurry within a period of four years had no effects on the Corg and total nitrogen stocks or the aggregate distribution, but led to a reduction of free and not physically protected SOM. However, the application of cattle slurry and the grassland renovation seems to change the plant species composition and therefore generalizations on the direct effects are not yet possible. For studying Objective III a further field trial was initiated in September 2010. Soil samples were taken six times within one year (from October 2010 to October 2011) (i) after the conversion from arable land into grassland, (ii) after the tillage of grassland followed by a re-establishment of grassland and (iii) in a permanent grassland. We found an increase in the microbial and fungal biomass after the conversion of arable land into grassland, but no effect on aggregate distribution and Corg stocks. A one-time tillage operation in grassland led to a reduction in large macroaggregates and Corg stocks in the top 10 cm soil depth with no effect on the sampled soil profile. However, we found large variations in the fungal biomass and aggregate distribution within one year in the permanent grassland, presumably caused by environmental factors. Overall, our results suggest that a single tillage operation in grassland soils markedly decreased the concentrations of Corg, larger aggregates and SOM. However, this does not result in long-lasting effects on the above mentioned parameters. The application of slurry cannot compensate the negative effects of a tillage event on aggregate concentrations or Corg stocks. However, while the Corg concentration is not subject to fluctuations within a year, there are large variations of the aggregate distribution even in a permanent grassland soil. Therefore conclusions of results from a single sampling time should be handled with care.

LocalGIS

LocalGIS, anteriormente denominado GeoPista, es el Sistema de Información Territorial Software Libre para Entidades Locales que surgió a iniciativa del Ministerio de Industria, Turismo y Comercio y está englobado dentro del Plan Avanza. LocalGIS cuenta con el respaldo de la FEMP, Catastro, MAP e IGN, entre otros organismos, y facilita realizar la gestión municipal de forma georreferenciada, al ser un Sistema de Información Geográfica, permitiendo también ofrecer servicios de información on-line a los ciudadanos utilizando la cartografía de la entidad local. (...)

Active control of structures with uncertain coupled subsystems and actuator dynamics

This paper deals with the problem of stabilizing a class of structures subject to an uncertain excitation due to the temporary coupling of the main system with another uncertain dynamical subsystem. A Lyapunov function based control scheme is proposed to attenuate the structural vibration. In the control design, the actuator dynamics is taken into account. The control scheme is implemented by using only feedback information of the main system. The effectiveness of the control scheme is shown for a bridge platform with crossing vehicle

Incidencia de la política migratoria de España sobre los migrantes colombianos y su efecto en las relaciones diplomáticas binacionales. 2005-2010

El presente estudio de caso pretende explicar los mecanismos de respuesta que incorpora la política migratoria de España, específicamente la Ley Orgánica 4/2000. Este tipo de investigación permite observar el grado de incidencia entre las variables frente a las relaciones diplomáticas binacionales Colombia - España y tiene como objetivo analizar los mecanismos de respuesta de los migrantes colombianos frente a la política migratoria de España en el periodo 2005-2010. Se explican las acciones, proyectos y dimensiones de esta política migratoria y se analiza la posición de los migrantes colombianos frente a dicha política, que incide en aspectos relacionados con el empleo, la calidad de vida y la salud, mediante la teoría Push-Pull de Ernst Georg Ravenstein que permite establecer los mecanismos y las razones de aquellos que emigran. Finalmente, se determinan las acciones utilizadas por los grupos de presión que influyen en la articulación de las relaciones diplomáticas binacionales.