Guia para a transcrição fonética do dialeto paulista

Designed to allow reading, the writing system is a form of representation of speech. However, it does not represent phonetic sounds exactly. This task is realized by phonetic alphabets, with specific phonetic transcriptions. The International Phonetic Association Alphabet (IPA) is most currently used. This alphabet is based on the articulatory possibilities of man. The aim of the present work is to write a phonetic guide to transcribe the Paulista dialect. A phonetic transcription is important in the creation of dictionaries and in the production of speech technologies. It has been established rules to guide the transcriptions. These rules have been defined taking into consideration a standard variety of Paulista dialect. The phonetic rules were set up to facilitate reading in relation to the spelling of Portuguese

Monteiro Lobato e a geografia de Dona Benta

It is commonplace to rely on the notion that thought is expressed from a historical and geographical context that reveals the special nature of the thinking subject. In ways and wanderings of thought, the literature shows up as a means both permissive and facilitating the possibility of expression of thought, from the written language, also depend on the temporalities and spatialities that concern you. Based on the identification of a dominant matrix of thought, given by comtean positivism and the neopositivism or logical positivism, a historical and geographical context imbued with the defining characteristics of temporalities and spatialities own perspective and written language as a medium and as support for expression of thought is that we propose to discuss the clues that identify the Lobato narrative expressed in Geography of Dona Benta, a work dating from 1935, an idea of space and nation. What notions of geographic space tells Lobato? What are your references to address landscape and territory? What representation of nation and national identity proposes in his narrative? Pursuing this aim, we seek to contribute to the substantiation of geographical knowledge from a critical effort of thinking about and doing geography

Caracterização da comunidade de mamíferos de médio e grande porte na Fazenda Nova América, Cabrália Paulista – SP

Após a expansão das fronteiras agrícola e pecuária e com o atual crescimento da indústria de papel e celulose, mosaicos compostos por remanescentes de floresta secundária intercalados com áreas de cultivo de eucalipto se tornaram uma paisagem freqüente no Estado de São Paulo. A queda na biodiversidade em qualquer monocultura é notável quando comparada aos fragmentos de florestas naturais, entretanto estudos sobre a dinâmica das espécies inseridas nesta nova condição ainda são escassos. O objetivo deste estudo é caracterizar a comunidade de mamíferos de médio e grande porte na Fazenda Nova América, localizada no município de Cabrália Paulista-SP, de forma a subsidiar ações voltadas ao manejo de habitat e conservação. O principal método de coleta foi o registro de pegadas em transectos lineares, para o estabelecimento da riqueza, abundância e estimativa da diversidade. Para isso, foram realizadas 4 campanhas de campo onde eram percorridos 5 trajetos de 2 km e largura variável, distando, no mínimo, 500 metros entre si. Foram realizadas três repetições em cada trajeto. Como metodologia complementar foram utilizadas parcelas de areia, observação direta de animais, de outros vestígios, entrevistas e captura fotográfica. Foram obtidos registros de 24 espécies de mamíferos, distribuídos em 12 famílias e 6 ordens. A observação de rastros em transectos lineares se mostrou eficiente, amostrando cerca de 80% das espécies presentes na área. A espécie mais encontrada foi o cachorro-domato (Cerdocyon thous), presente em todos os ambientes. As espécies com maior abundância na fazenda foram as generalistas. As áreas de Eucalipto apresentaram uma riqueza e uma abundância de espécies menor que os fragmentos de mata, visto que a monocultura acaba limitando os recursos disponíveis. Mas quando o cultivo ocorre de forma sustentável, pode-se formar um novo ambiente para a fauna e flora locais

Nível de atividade física e composição corporal dos funcionários administrativos da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Rio Claro

O sedentarismo é um problema que afeta milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo, e para vários autores a redução ou até mesmo a extinção deste comportamento inativo deve ser encarada como prioridade para elevar a qualidade de vida da população. Para isso, se faz necessário, definir o problema, identificando a prevalência deste estilo de vida, a população-alvo e as barreiras enfrentadas para que a mudança ocorra. Só assim, é possível implantar alternativas baseadas nas evidências concretas, englobando diferentes fatores e intervindo nos quatro domínios que contemplam a prática de atividade física. Desta forma, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar o nível de atividade física habitual dos funcionários administrativos (exceto docentes e trabalhadores de manutenção) da Unesp – Rio Claro, através do questionário Baecke adaptado por Florindo e colaboradores. . Além disso, medidas antropométricas foram coletadas para fornecimento de dados sobre a composição corporal dos mesmos. A partir das respostas dos questionários observou-se que a maioria dos funcionários é moderadamente ativa (58%), quando se trata do nível de atividade física total. O nível de atividade física de lazer é o maior responsável por aumentar o nível de atividade física habitual, no entanto menos de 10% dos sujeitos, cerca de 7 funcionários, foram considerados muito ativos neste domínio. Quanto à composição corporal, grande parte dos sujeitos apresenta-se com sobrepeso, estando com a média do IMC acima da população de Rio Claro. No nível de atividade de física de locomoção, mais de 60% ou aproximadamente 56 sujeitos foram identificados como insuficientemente ativos. Com relação ao gênero, as mulheres são mais inativas no deslocamento em relação aos homens. Tendo em vista a problemática que comportamentos de risco afetam...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Influência de software de otimização de corte no rendimento de serraria da região sudoeste paulista

This study aimed to analyze the increase of yield provided by a software optimization cutting in a pine sawmill, located at southwest region of São Paulo, city of Itapeva. First were measured 10 logs that were processed by conventional sawing system by measuring the volume of products in the process output. Then using a cutting optimization software, that generated cuts diagrams, 10 logs, from 25 to 26 cm diametrical class, were processed by sawing system optimized. For the conventional sawing, the value found to yield was 41.80%, whereas for the unfolding optimized showed the value of 61.79%, resulting in a difference of 19.99%. This study shows that there is room for significant improvement of performance in sawmills sawing with the use of optimization software as the employee at work

Formação continuada e progressão na carreira docente: o caso de um município do interior paulista

Como os professores do município focalizado vêem a formação continuada? E ainda: como lidam com essa questão dos cursos para progressão na carreira? Com quais objetivos fazem os cursos? Se é que fazem? Como ficam sabendo? Em que condições eles são oferecidos? O que esses professores acham da qualidade dos cursos? Da duração? O que efetivamente esses cursos mudam em suas práticas? Acham importante fazê-los, não acham? É possível afirmar que para os docentes, a progressão continuada não existe para suprir falhas da formação inicial conforme o discurso político atual, mas ela existe, para acrescentar e atualizar o conhecimento do professor perante as inovações tecnológicas. Por meio da análise do estatuto, verifica-se que ao olhar do município é condição sine qua non a realização dos cursos de progressão continuada na progressão da carreira para atender ao discurso vigente (má formação inicial do professor). Neste sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar qual a importância da progressão continuada para os docentes, além disso, analisar, identificar e entender os mecanismos que levaram um município do interior paulista a elaborar um novo Estatuto do Magistério com Plano de Carreira. Para a constatação dos objetivos citados acima foram realizadas entrevistas com profissionais envolvidos na elaboração do Estatuto, bem como com aqueles profissionais que são regidos pelo mesmo, ou seja, os professores do Ensino Fundamental I.

Parque público como reestruturador de elementos urbanos: revitalização da antiga siderúrgica de Lençóis Paulista

The intention of this survey is develop design actions about the site of the former steel from Lençóis Paulista, a large and impressive area, but underutilized in the town. The aim is to revitalize it since the analysis and knowledge from the place and its surroundings, in order to solve the analysis observed: the non integration of the town, neighborhoods and public adjacent devices with the interior of the mentioned spot

Estudo acústico da variação da frase interrogativa, com destaque para o dialeto paulista

With the new computational technology, the studies of acoustic phonetics started to have a special place. This brought a new way of seeing the phenomenon and to deal with it in the phonetics and in the phonology. Such studies have been developing even more, recently, with a facilitated use of computational programs specially developed to the acoustic analysis of speech, such as PRAAT. Programs like this have been very interesting and useful recently. The acoustic models of analysis have influenced the way the researchers came to see and to interpret the prosodic phenomenon. The current project investigates the acoustic production of declarative and interrogative sentences from the “paulista” Portuguese. This study contributes for a more detailed description of the phenomenon, also becoming inserted in the chart of “intonational” descriptions of the Brazilian Portuguese. The subject of this current project is the acoustic study of some intonation aspects from the speaking Portuguese in Brazil, with a special place to the “paulista” dialect. The current project´s purpose is to make a specific study of interrogatives sentences through the acoustic data analysis of “paulista” dialect speakers

Geotecnologias na avaliação da suscetibilidade a movimentos de massa no município de Várzea Paulista (SP)

The disordered occupation in several cities in Brazil, is very common, especially during the rainy season, there are numerous cases of gravitational mass movements, with deads of human and builds destruction. The main objective of this work was to identify and map areas to mass movements, through the geo, the municipality of Várzea Paulista, the state of Sao Paulo. For the purpose, were prepared thematic maps of slope, geology, pedology, geomorphology and land use and occupation, which were overlaid using ArcGIS GIS Multicriteria Analysis. Each subject received a weight of influence to the outbreak of such processes and the final result was obtained map of susceptibility to mass movements of the city of Várzea Paulista. This survey found that there are many occupied areas within the city that require monitoring of the Government, especially in the rainy months, because they are in very fragile in terms of geological and geomorphological features. Considering that the data on the physical and natural aspects are scarce in the literature for this region, the results obtained in this study as well as the gathering of information of the physical and cartographic products developed, will greatly contribute to the administration of the municipality, subsidies they provide for the proper use planning and land tenure, pointing out the weak areas of the city geotechnical point of view

Aplicação dos conceitos da ecologia de paisagem para a definição de hotspots de conservação e de conectividade entre o Complexo Cantareira e Nazaré Paulista

The Atlantic Forest biome, reduced to 12% of its original coverage, holds a significant portion of brazilian biodiversity, with high levels of endemism. Among the few remaining areas of the Atlantic, there is the region between the Complex of Cantareira and the municipality of Nazaré Paulista, which will be the object of study of this work. Using the concepts of Landscape Ecology, and analysis of thematic maps, this study aims to characterize the region in a ecologically scaled perspective, identifying two types of hotspots: i) for conservation and ii) for maintain habitat connectivity. Concepts of Landscape Ecology as landscape structure, patches, matrix, corridors (structural and functional) and connectivity, as well as their effects on local biodiversity was adopted and applied in the study region. We also analyzed the effects of roads, hydrographic system, Permanent Protection Areas (PPAs), and Conservation Units for flora and fauna maintenance at regional scale. This allowed us to define strategies and priority areas for the conservation and restoration of forest fragments of Atlantic Forest remnants within the study region. This study generated relevant knowledge for a better planning the region in order to create best conditions for the maintenance of regional biodiversity, and consequently, allowing to improve the quality of life for local population

O grupo cervejeiro nacional petrópolis na evolução do capitalismo brasileiro: concorrência e expansão territorial

The processes resulting from globalization are backdrop for the work. On the other hand the Regulation Theory is theoretical north that drives research directions. Considering these two basis, we studied the formation of economic groups as a consequence of the processes of concentration and centralization of capital, giving more emphasis on their national character. We see how they went through the restructuring process in the transition from Fordist accumulation regime to a flexible system of accumulation. We 'll discuss the brewery industry and how major industry groups are currently creating a sector overview, ranging from the productive process to the forms of competition among large companies. Specifically we will see the Petrópolis Group this framework and how the company relates to the territory, and what answers we have of this relationship in terms of local development in the territories where the group entered, and territorial changes which have occurred there

Proposta de traçado de alcoolduto ligando a hidrovia Tietê Paraná à refinaria do planalto paulista com uso de avaliação multicritérios e geotecnologias

From the beginning of the century, with the advent of the flex fuel car, successor fluctuations in oil prices and the rise of awareness of the impending shortage of fossil fuels, the alcohol sector begins to reappear in the panorama of national economy making Brasill reaches the point of becoming a leading exporter of this product. Ethanol assumed the role of such importance in Brazilian exports, which Petrobras through the Growth Acceleration Program (PAC) has made investments in the Brazilian pipeline network to better ensure the production of ethanol to major ports. The means of transport in pipelines are safe and inexpensive, but require careful evaluation in its implementation, they may lead to negative social and environmental impacts. Thus, the purpose of this project is to propose the best route for an ethanol pipeline connectin the Tietê-Paraná, leaving the municipality of Santa Maria da Serra (SP), to the Planalto Paulista Refinery (REPLAN), located in Paulinia (SP), belonging to the passage of ethanol export corridor, currently under revelopment. The technique used for the development of the stroke is the association of multicriteria evaluation, the geographical information system (SIG) and geotechnologies. This study presented three possible layouts for the ethanol pipeline, highlighting the best option, in addition, demonstrated the suitability of the area to receive projects of similar nature to a pipeline

Estudo da inflexão da Serra do Garrote e sua influência na zona de falha de Vazante (MG)

The Vazante Fault Zone (VFZ), located northwestward of Minas Gerais, host the largest zinc deposit known in the Brazilian territory. This structure is hosted in Vazante’s Group rocks, a metassedimentary sequence of marine environment. Near Vazante is situated the south end of the VFZ. To the west, occur the Serra do Garrote inflexion, characterized by a curvature in the contact of Formations Serra do Garrote and Serra do Poço Verde. This structure is through the analysis of aerial imagery of the region and represented in the published geological maps. The objective of this work is to understand what causes this inflexion and determine whether it affects the VZF, causing a shift in the same, and possibly, in the mineralization as well. To this end, it was done a mapping work in the region covering the Serra do Garrote inflexion and the south end of the VFZ, in 1:25.000 scale, supplemented by petrographic description of thin section and geologic sections, with cooperated to the understanding of the structural evolution of the region. Data analysis allowed the identification of six deformation phases. The D1 an D2 phases generated the main foliation. The D3 phase generate kink bands folds, with NS axis and vertical axial plane. The fourth phase is responsible for generating the Vazante Fault Zone. The fifth phase produces low angle folds and shear zones, subparallel to S1//S2. The last phase generates folds with NW axis and vertical axial plane, with causes the inflection of lithologic contactas. Field observations also make possible the conclusion that the Vazante Fault Zone presents a south continuation, which is affected by deformation associated to D6 phase attributing to the trace of the VFZ a curved geometry, similar to that exhibited by lithologic contacts between units of the map

Implementação de um tuboexpansor na refinaria do Planalto Paulista – REPLAN com objetivo do aproveitamento da energia contida nos gases residuais do FCC – Fluid Catalytic Cracking na geração de energia elétrica

The steel type AISI 4130 (ultra-high strength steel) is an alloy of low carbon and its main alloying elements are chromium and molybdenum, which improves the toughness of the weld metal. It has numerous applications, especially where the need for high mechanical strength. It is widely used in equipment used by the aviation industry, such as cradle-tomotor, and this is the motivation for this study. Cots are of fundamental importance, because the engine supports and maintains balance in the fixed landing gear. This equipment is subjected to intense loading cycles, whose fractures caused by fatigue are constantly observed. Will be determined the effects caused by re-welding the structure of aeronautical equipment, and will also study the microstructure of the metal without welding. The studies will be done on materials used in aircraft, which was given to study. The results provide knowledge of microstructure to evaluate any type of fracture that maybe caused by fatigue. Fatigue is a major cause of aircraft accidents and incidents occurred, which makes the study of the microstructure of the metal, weld and re-solder the knowledge essential to the life of the material. The prevention and control of the process of fatigue in aircraft are critical, since the components are subjected to greater responsibility cyclic loading

Valoração de terras a partir de dados geoambientais: um projeto piloto em Cristais Paulista - SP

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