Tokyo, Japan, 1907 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: The revised map of Tokyo, S. Nishinomiya. It was published by S. Nishinomiya in 1907. Scale [ca. 1:17,000]. Covers Tokyo, Japan. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Tokyo UTM Zone 54N coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroad and street railway lines and stations, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, city and county boundaries, parks, cemeteries, and more. Relief is shown by hachures. Includes insets: [Tokyo and environs] -- Tsukiji Foreign Settlement. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Gloucester (including Rockport), Massachusetts, 1831 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Map of Gloucester, Cape Ann : shewing the roads, harbours, rivers, coves, islands & ledges surrounding that important cape, with directions for entering the harbours, from actual survey & observations by John Mason. It was published by Senefelder Lithographic Co. in 1831. Scale [ca. 1:25,500]. Covers the towns of Gloucester and Rockport, Massachusetts, with special attention on the Cape Ann coastline and harbors. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, cemeteries, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), private buildings with names of some property owners, town boundaries and more. Relief is shown by hachures; Harbor depths shown by soundings. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

Dorchester and Milton, Massachusetts, 1831 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: A map of the towns of Dorchester and Milton, 1831, made by Edmund J. Baker, surveyr. The digitized historic paper map is an 1889 facsimile (published by Photo-Electrotype Co.) of the original map published by Pendleton's Lithography in 1831. Scale [ca. 1:36,500]. It covers the populated place Dorchester (Boston) and the Town of Milton, Massachusetts. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, cemeteries, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), private buildings with names of property owners, town boundaries and more. Relief is shown by hachures. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge and Watertown, Massachusetts, 1831 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Plan of Mount Auburn, by Alexr. Wadsworth. It was published by Pendleton's Lithography in Nov. 1831. Scale [ca. 1:1,490]. This plan of Mount Auburn Cemetery (Cambridge and Watertown, Massachusetts) shows proposed paths, avenues, numbered plots, and diminished size of the ponds. Relief is shown by shading. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

Holliston, Massachusetts, 1831 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Map of Holliston, Middlesex County, Mass., surveyed by John G. Hales. It was published by Pendleton's Lithography in 1831. Scale [1:19,800]. Covers the town of Holliston and a portion of the town of Ashland, Massachusetts. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, cemeteries, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), private buildings with names of property owners, town boundaries and more. Relief is shown by hachures. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

Lancaster (including Clinton), Massachusetts, 1831 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: A map of Lancaster : reduced from the plan made by Jacob Fisher, Esq., from actual survey A.D. 1830, by James G. Carter. It was published by Pendleton's Lithography in 1831. Scale [ca. 1:29,700]. Covers the towns of Lancaster and Clinton, Massachusetts. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, cemeteries, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), private buildings with names of property owners, town boundaries and more. Relief is shown by hachures. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

Newton, Massachusetts, 1831 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Map of the town of Newton, Mass., surveyed by E.F. Woodward & W.F. Ward. It was published by Annin, Smith, & Co.'s Lithogy. in Nov. 1831. Scale [ca. 1:20,660]. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, cemeteries, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), private buildings with names of property owners, town boundaries and more. The map shows town boundaries as of 1831 and thus covers also portions of modern day Waltham and Boston. Manuscript annotations on the map show approximate locations of current town boundaries. Relief is shown by hachures. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

Scituate (including Norwell), Massachusetts, 1831 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Map of Scituate, Mass., surveyed by A. Robbins and S.A. Turner. It was published by Pendleton's Lithography in 1831. Scale [1:19,800]. Covers the towns of Scituate and Norwell, Massachusetts. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, cemeteries, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), private buildings, town boundaries and more. Relief is shown by hachures. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

Sharon, Massachusetts, 1831 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: A map of the town of Sharon, Mass., drawn from actual survey by Elijah Hewin[s], surveyor. It was published by Pendleton's Lithography in 1831. Scale [ca. 1:20,250]. Covers the town of Sharon and also a portion of Walpole, Massachusetts. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, cemeteries, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), private buildings with names of property owners, town boundaries and more. Relief is shown by hachures. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

West Springfield (including Agawam and part of Holyoke), Massachusetts, 1831 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: A plan of West Springfield, by J. Lathrop. It was published by Pendleton's Lithogy. in Aug. 1831. Scale [1:39,600]. Covers the towns of West Springfield, Agawam, and a portion of Holyoke, Massachusetts. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, cemeteries, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), private buildings with names of property owners, town and town parish boundaries and more. Relief is shown by hachures. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

West Bridgewater, Massachusetts, 1831 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: A map of West-Bridgewater, Mass. It was published by Senfelder Lith. Co. in Apr. 1831. Scale [ca. 1:20,000]. Covers the town West Bridgewater and a portion of the City of Brockton, Masachusetts. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Massachusetts State Plane Coordinate System, Mainland Zone (in Feet) (Fipszone 2001). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, public buildings, schools, churches, cemeteries, industry locations (e.g. mills, factories, mines, etc.), private buildings with names of property owners, town boundaries and more. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps of Massachusetts from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates (1755-1922), scales, and purposes. The digitized selection includes maps of: the state, Massachusetts counties, town surveys, coastal features, real property, parks, cemeteries, railroads, roads, public works projects, etc.

Bughyat al-ṭālib fī maʻrifat al-mafrūḍ wa-al-wājib : manuscript, 1831

Written in one column, 18 lines per page, in black rubricated in red.

Norman Malcolm e Alvin Plantinga: duas versões analíticas do argumento do Proslogion de Santo Anselmo

O propósito deste trabalho é mostrar alguns aspectos que caracterizam a leitura que os filósofos analíticos dos anos 60/70, do século passado, fizeram do argumento do Proslogion de Santo Anselmo trazendo, deste modo, uma nova luz a esta problemática. Tiveram também o mérito de inscrever a questão da existência de Deus no âmago da filosofia analítica até aí dominada pelo ateísmo. Na Introdução salientamos as objecções analíticas mais frequentes feitas ao argumento – (i) a existência não é um predicado (ii) o conceito de Deus é incoerente (iii) a existência não é perfeição. Anscombe – uma excepção no contexto analítico – defendeu e demonstrou a tese de que o argumento não é ontológico. Malcom descobriu dois argumentos no Proslogion: um no Capítulo II que considerou inválido, outro no capítulo III que considerou válido e interpretou como modal. Plantinga foi um dos primeiros críticos desta prova modal porque o autor confundia entre necessidade de dicto e necessidade de re. Plantinga pensou que os dois argumentos se implicavam e\ou complementavam e desenvolveu uma teoria do realismo modal através da qual explica a natureza e a necessidade divinas em termos de mundos possíveis. Baseado neste conceito reelaborou uma nova prova modal que considerou “victoriosa” mas que veio mais tarde a ser refutada por Mackie, Tooley e David (entre outros) e acusada de circularidade. Plantinga não aceitou que a sua prova fosse reconhecida como falaciosa e Oppy também não aceitou a mesma reclamação expressa por Fergie. Contudo, Plantinga refez a sua prova e condensou-a numa única premissa: “a máxima grandeza é possivelmente instanciada”. Mais do que uma prova da existência de Deus trata-se de uma defesa da aceitação do teísmo, uma justificação da racionalidade da fé. E a possibilidade de existência de um ser metafisicamente necessário impõe-nos uma reflexão profunda donde se podem extrair todas as potencialidades cognoscitivas do labor do filósofo.