962 resultados para Literatura latino-americana - História e crítica


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Relating the surface of a translated text to discourse is one of the focuses in the connection between Translation Studies and African- -American literature. In this respect, “Invisible Man”, by Ralph Ellison, and its Brazilian translation, by Márcia Serra, present themselves as material for analyzing contexts which evoke a sense of community and racial identity. Therefore, this paper centers precisely upon nuances in meaning of the linguistic displays of bonding and race. It could be noticed that these aspects were less marked in the translation, whereas the integrationist project featured in the novel was to a certain extent rewritten in words that called forth a sense of racial dichotomy. Thus, the translation displays at once the non-racialized perspective peculiar to the Brazilian view of race and assumptions in regard to the perspective of the African-American Other on race relations.

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This essay addresses the poetics of Harryette Mullen, an awarded African-American female poet whose work questions the boundaries that shape the expectations for accessible intelligibility in African-American literature. Mullen’s poems skirt the edges of intelligibility by going beyond the expectations for a visible/intelligible form of language that would embrace the experience of blackness. I argue that writing in Mullen’s poetry works as process of miscegenation by playing on the illegibility of blackness, beyond a visible line of distinction between what is or should be considered part of blackness itself, which engages new forms of reflection on poetry as a politically meaningful tool for rethinking the role of the black (female) poet within the black diaspora.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

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Pós-graduação em Educação Matemática - IGCE

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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This is an article about a decisive moment in the formation of Western modern literature. We are talking about Lessing’s criticism of the excessive influence of neoclassical French theatre on German theatrical production. Lessing considered that the aristocratic model imported from France did not correspond to German society’s context at all – society which had already been marked by an incipient bourgeois mode of life. So the German critic dedicated his theoretical efforts to affirm the necessity and to raise possibilities about a literary production which had more consonance with what he considered to be the German Zeitgeist. It is in Shakespeare’s work that Lessing found his answer, and this fact will unleash the appearing of the Sturm und Drang movement and will consequently give birth to an incipient bourgeois literature. So we analyze here the way this Shakespearian influence happens and its relevance in the formation of a bourgeois literature.

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In this research, we discuss important aspects related to the scope of the adult female prostitution in a municipality located in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. We rely on the theoretical contributions provided by the Cultural Studies, the Queer Theory and other aspects referenced by gender studies, by sexualities and other subjective processes, in parallel with the analysis of the reported life stories of two women linked to the context of commercial sexual practice in the studied city. From the presented informations, we observed multiple stories of women in the process of resistance to some standards of femininity, and come to the conclusion that the economic factor is not always preponderant for the entry/residence in female commercial sex practice, especially today, when relationships tend be established by the confluence of multiple interests.

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Our propose in this article is to articulate the ways how women that call themselves lesbians, live and consider the masculinities and the femininities. The discourses were obtained through semi-structured interviews with ten women from different ages, who live in different towns in São Paulo and Paraná states. Theoretical references were sought in poststruturalists authors who approach the social construction of gender and sexes as category analysis, necessary for the reflection of the subjectivity processes that are permeated by materiality and transitoriness that are inherent to social, historical, cultural, political and territorial contexts.

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Neste trabalho investigou-se a modificação de superfície do titânio pela irradiação com feixe de Laser Nd:YAG. Os parâmetros do laser como a potência, o comprimento de onda, a frequência, a velocidade de varredura e a área de exposição foram mantidos constantes, exceto o espaçamento da matriz, o qual foi de 0,01 e 0,02 mm. A caracterização da superfície foi realizada por Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) e Difração de Raios X (DRX), sendo que os espectros foram refinados pelo método Rietveld. Pela análise de MEV, observou-se uma mudança na topografia, obtendo uma superfície rugosa produzida pelo fenômeno de ablação. As análises por Rietveld dos espectros de difração de raios X detectaram TiN, Ti2N, TiO2 (anatásio e rutilo), sendo que a amostra com espaçamento 0,01 mm apresentou uma maior quantidade de óxidos e nitretos. Isso pode ser devido à sobreposição do feixe, induzindo à formação de uma superfície com maior estabilidade termodinâmica. Os óxidos e nitretos obtidos são de grande importância, pois são responsáveis por produzir uma maior interação entre o osso-implante.

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Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a lower exercise tolerance and poor functional capacity, carry on a sedentary lifestyle. Another important change found in patients with CKD is cognitive dysfunction. Physical inactivity has been associated with cognitive dysfunction in the general population, but few studies have evaluated this association in CKD. To assess the association between physical activity and cognitive function in patients with CKD on hemodialysis (HD). We evaluated 102 patients undergoing HD. The participants completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, which assesses the level of physical activity and the Mini Mental State Examination, used for cognitive screening. Patients were divided into three groups according to their level of physical activity (GI: active/GII: irregularly active/GIII: sedentary). It was applied logistic regression analysis and adopted as outcome variable the presence of cognitive impairment and preserving as independent variables those with a probability of statistical difference between groups of less than 0.1. It was considered statistically significant when p less than 0.05. The groups were similar in age, duration of HD, and smoking. Statistically significant difference regarding race, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, underlying disease and degree of cognitive impairment. Regarding laboratory data, the groups differed in terms of creatinine, glucose, hemoglobin and hematocrit. There was significant association with better physical activity and cognitive function, even adjusting for confounding variables. the highest level of physical activity was associated with better cognitive function in CKD patients undergoing HD.

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This paper presents a historical retrospective concerning data from a research in Astronomy Education in Brazil, after 1973. It was organized on the basis of the speech analysis of national researchers considered references in this field by their peers. Furthermore, it was elaborated on the basis of other studies from the areas of Science Education, Physics and Astronomy. This historical overview was developed in order to facilitate understanding of the contexts in which the interviewed researchers have developed professionally. Moreover, we attempted to recover the memory of the growing field of research in Astronomy Education in the country. We believe that the history presented can help those trying to understand the past in an attempt to resolve current and future demands.