999 resultados para Génération à partir d’exemples
Resumo:
The castor bean cake is rich in starch (48 ± 0.53%) and bears a problem linked to the occurrence of a toxic protein (ricin). The chemical hydrolysis (ratio solid:liquid = 1:6; H2SO4= 0.1 mol L-1; 120 °C; 40 min) generated a medium with 27 g L-1 of reducing sugars (hydrolysis efficiency= 32%). The hydrolyzed product was fermented and produced 11 g L-1 of ethanol (volumetric productivity=1.38 g L-1 h-1 and ethanol yield on substrate consumed=0.45 g g-1). In vivo experiments (DL50) revealed a reduction of roughly 240 times in the CBC toxicity (2.11 µg g-1).
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Research on residential care is still scarce despite its high implementation in Spain. This article presents the results of a research using qualitative methods. The study analyses the situation experienced by young people who lived in foster care in the province of Girona (1994-2002) based on their opinions and perceptions expressed in a semi-structured interview. The results, clustered into subcategories, show lack of knowledge about the reasons why they needed foster care, if it was better being there than staying with their parents, and the lack of support for transition to adulthood. The study shows implications for children and youth policies, professional practice and research
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La visualització científica estudia i defineix algorismes i estructures de dades que permeten fer comprensibles conjunts de dades a través d’imatges. En el cas de les aplicacions mèdiques les dades que cal interpretar provenen de diferents dispositius de captació i es representen en un model de vòxels. La utilitat d’aquest model de vòxels depèn de poder-lo veure des del punt de vista ideal, és a dir el que aporti més informació. D’altra banda, existeix la tècnica dels Miralls Màgics que permet veure el model de vòxels des de diferents punts de vista alhora i mostrant diferents valors de propietat a cada mirall. En aquest projecte implementarem un algorisme que permetrà determinar el punt de vista ideal per visualitzar un model de vòxels així com també els punts de vista ideals per als miralls per tal d’aconseguir el màxim d’informació possible del model de vòxels. Aquest algorisme es basa en la teoria de la informació per saber quina és la millor visualització. L’algorisme també permetrà determinar l’assignació de colors òptima per al model de vòxels
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En enero de 2006, el equipo de investigación sociolingüística de la Universidad deBarcelona, integrado por profesores y doctorandos del Departamento de FilologíaHispánica, se incorporó al Proyecto para el Estudio Sociolingüístico del Español deEspaña y de América (PRESEEA), vinculado a la Asociación de Lingüística y Filologíade América Latina (ALFAL), y que tiene como coordinador general a FranciscoMoreno Fernández, Catedrático de Lengua Española de la Universidad de Alcalá. Dichoproyecto se organiza en una red internacional de equipos de investigación cuyo objetivocentral es el de reunir un ingente corpus oral, sociolingüísticamente representativo, deun gran número de ciudades pertenecientes al mundo hispánico. La primera fase delproyecto, que se presentó en 1996, abarca hasta el año 2010 (Moreno Fernández 2006).1Para el estudio de Barcelona, en el seno del grupo PRESEEA – BARCELONA – ESdiseñamos una plantilla que contempla una representación de 108 informantes (loscuales deben haber nacido en la ciudad, haber llegado a ella antes de cumplir los diezaños o llevar viviendo en el lugar más de veinte), distribuidos en tres variables depreestratificación: sexo, edad y nivel de instrucción. A este perfil general añadimos lavariable ‘lengua primera’ (catalán / español), vista la repercusión que alcanza laconvivencia de las dos lenguas en la ciudad (Torres 2007).En las páginas que siguen, nos proponemos abordar el avance real del yeísmo en laCiudad Condal a partir de unas muestras seleccionadas de los datos de PRESEEABARCELONA-ES. El trabajo, que básicamente es de carácter fonético y presenta unanálisis acústico centrado en aspectos frecuenciales, de duración y de intensidad de lasmuestras mencionadas, pretende ser un primer acercamiento al estadio en el que se encuentra el fenómeno en esta área específica.
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Ferric chloride as a new activating agent was used to obtain activated carbons from agroindustrial waste. This material was prepared at three temperatures of pyrolysis, 200, 280 and 400 ºC. The carbonaceous materials obtained after the activation processes showed high specific surface areas (BET), with values higher than 900 m² g-1. The materials showed different behaviors in the adsorption of methylene blue dye and reactive red textile dye in water solutions. An important fact in the use of FeCl3 as an activating agent is that the activation temperature is at 280 ºC, well below of those commonly employed in chemical or physical activations described in the literature.
Resumo:
En enero de 2006, el equipo de investigación sociolingüística de la Universidad deBarcelona, integrado por profesores y doctorandos del Departamento de FilologíaHispánica, se incorporó al Proyecto para el Estudio Sociolingüístico del Español deEspaña y de América (PRESEEA), vinculado a la Asociación de Lingüística y Filologíade América Latina (ALFAL), y que tiene como coordinador general a FranciscoMoreno Fernández, Catedrático de Lengua Española de la Universidad de Alcalá. Dichoproyecto se organiza en una red internacional de equipos de investigación cuyo objetivocentral es el de reunir un ingente corpus oral, sociolingüísticamente representativo, deun gran número de ciudades pertenecientes al mundo hispánico. La primera fase delproyecto, que se presentó en 1996, abarca hasta el año 2010 (Moreno Fernández 2006).1Para el estudio de Barcelona, en el seno del grupo PRESEEA – BARCELONA – ESdiseñamos una plantilla que contempla una representación de 108 informantes (loscuales deben haber nacido en la ciudad, haber llegado a ella antes de cumplir los diezaños o llevar viviendo en el lugar más de veinte), distribuidos en tres variables depreestratificación: sexo, edad y nivel de instrucción. A este perfil general añadimos lavariable ‘lengua primera’ (catalán / español), vista la repercusión que alcanza laconvivencia de las dos lenguas en la ciudad (Torres 2007).En las páginas que siguen, nos proponemos abordar el avance real del yeísmo en laCiudad Condal a partir de unas muestras seleccionadas de los datos de PRESEEABARCELONA-ES. El trabajo, que básicamente es de carácter fonético y presenta unanálisis acústico centrado en aspectos frecuenciales, de duración y de intensidad de lasmuestras mencionadas, pretende ser un primer acercamiento al estadio en el que se encuentra el fenómeno en esta área específica.
Resumo:
[spa] La literatura científica sobre el Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) ha dedicado una atención creciente a la cuestión del pensamiento crítico a lo largo de las dos últimas décadas. Los trabajos de investigación que se han llevado a cabo en los distintos contextos disciplinares de la educación superior presentan definiciones e instrumentos de medición del pensamiento crítico dispares. El presente artículo parte de dicha apreciación y trata de revisar sistemáticamente los mencionados trabajos con un doble objetivo: por un lado, esbozar una clasificación de los instrumentos de medición del pensamiento crítico de estudiantes de ABP y, por el otro, mostrar una panorámica de las evidencias hasta ahora obtenidas; todo ello con la finalidad de animar a profesores, estudiosos y autoridades académicas a seguir avanzando en esta línea de investigación. [eng] Critical thinking has received growing attention from scientific literature on Problem-Based Learning (PBL)during the last two decades. The research carried out in different disciplinary contexts of higher education presents disparate definitions and measuring instruments of critical thinking. This article aims to review systematically the mentioned literature with a dual purpose: on the one hand, to outline a classification of instruments measuring PBL students' critical thinking, on the other, to show an overview of the evidence so far obtained; all of this with the ultimate purpose of encouraging teachers, scholars and academical authorities to proceed further in this line of research.
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Xanthan is a polysaccharide synthesized by Xanthomonas bacteria and of extreme commercial importance as a microbial polysaccharide. The aim of this work was to produce xanthan using mozzarella cheese whey as substrate, by different isolates natives the Xanthomonas. The alternative medium for production was milk whey, urea and K2HPO4. The xanthan maximum productivity was 21.91 g L-1. Analysis of apparent viscosity was made in solutions of gum at 0.5-2.0%, 25-65 ºC with shear rate of 25-1000 s-1.The maximum viscosity found was 57.30 mPa.s. The isolates demonstrate capacity to degrade the lactose and to produce xanthan, being constituted an alternative for the industrial production.
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The objective of this paper was to evaluate the modifications in milkfat properties with the addition of sunflower oil (SO) and phytosterol esters (PE) and chemical interesterification. Fatty acid composition, softening point and consistency were determined. The saturation degree of milkfat decreased with the addition of SO and PE. Consequently, milkfat presented lower softening point and consistency. Chemical interesterification caused an increase in softening point due to the formation of higher amounts of trissaturated triacylglycerols with rearrangement. The incorporation of unsaturated fatty acids from SO and PE by milkfat triacylglycerols after chemical reaction caused linearization of consistency curves.
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In the present paper, the use of poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS), produced from discarded polystyrene materials through heterogeneous and homogeneous processes, was investigated. The use of PSS for water treatment, using a kaolin suspension as wastewater model, reduced water turbidity for all the employed materials when compared to the blank analysis, without PSS. The most efficient polyelectrolyte was PSS cups obtained by homogeneous route. The same behavior was observed for real system. The homogeneous PSS cups showed a balance between a moderate molecular weight and high anionic character that improved flocks formation and water removal turbidity.
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Castor oil was reacted by transesterification with various percentages in mass of pentaerythritol to obtain different esters of pentaerythritol. Alternatively, glycerol was also used instead of pentaerythritol for the same reaction in order to establish comparative reference products. The products of the reactions were characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy in order to detect and quantify (in terms of the molecular mass and structural information) the components of the products obtained. Analysis for hydroxyl value, acid value, viscosity and specific gravity were used to complete the characterization of the polyols obtained and also of the original castor oil. The polymer characterization was accomplished by tensile stress-strain tests, Shore A hardness, thermogravimetric analysis and chemical resistance to solvents.
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The fish proteins has the advantage of a high sensibility to the hydrolysis and also a balanced composition in aminoacids. The production of protein hydrolyzed from by-products of fish process industry has been receiving more attention on the last years. The aim of this work was to evaluate the production of protein hydrolyzed from Micropogonias furnieri through chemical and enzymatic methods, verifying some functional properties. The results showed that the production of the hydrolyzed improved some functional properties of the proteins found in the filet and in the waste, what is desirable for a subsequent application.
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This paper stresses the importance of developing mathematical thought in young children based on everyday contexts, since these are meaningful learning situations with an interdisciplinary, globalised focus. The first part sets out the framework of reference that lays the theoretical foundations for these kinds of educational practices. The second part gives some teaching orientations for work based on everyday contexts. It concludes with the presentation of the activity 'We’re off to the cinema to learn mathematics!'
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In this work the separation of the chiral anesthetic compounds ketamine and bupivacaine was development using two chiral stationary phases (CSP). Ketamine enantiomers were well separate in the polysaccharide-based CSP (microcrystalline cellulose triacetate - MCTA) while bupivacaine in the tartardiamide-based CSP (Kromasil CHI-TBB). In both cases, the effect of temperature was investigated under analytical conditions. An improvement in the separation performance with temperature was observed. Thermodynamic parameters were evaluated by the van't Hoff plot. We concluded that enthalpic effects controlled the retention in these chiral columns. The enantiomers of ketamine and bupivacaine were separated under overloaded conditions with a good performance.
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Glycerol is a byproduct of biodiesel production through transesterification of oils and fat. This article discusses the chemical transformation of glycerol in ethers, acetals and esters of high technological applications, especially in the fuel sector. Glycerol hydrogenolysis, dehydration to acrolein and oxidation are discussed as well, to show the potential use of glycerol for production of plastic monomers. Finally, the article shows other transformations, such as syn gas production, epichloridrin and glycerin carbonate.