Antiulcerogenic action of ethanolic extract of the resin from Virola surinamensis Warb. (Myristicaceae)

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Virola surinamensis (Myristicaceae), popularly known as mucuiba, ucuuba or ucuuba do igapo is a large tree that grows abundantly in Varzea forest and on river banks in the Brazilian states of Amazonas and Tocantins. The resin obtained by cuts on the stem bark is a reputed folk remedy in its natural form for the treatment of ulcer, gastritis inflammation and cancer.Aim of the study: The present work evaluated the pharmacological activity of the resin obtained from bark of V surinamensis as antiulcerogenic in experimental in vivo model in order to observe whether its traditional use is justified.Materials and methods: The preventive action of ethanolic extract of V surinamensis was evaluated in experimental in vivo models in rodents that simulated this disease in human gastric mucosa.Results: Oral administration of acidified ethanol solution produced severe hemorrhagic lesions in glandular mucosa with ulcerative lesion of 50 +/- 11.5 mm. In animals pretreated with V surinamensis (500 mg/kg, p.o.) a significant inhibition of mucosal injury of 2.40 +/- 0.56 mm (95% inhibition) was detected. The V. surinamensis, at the same dose, also reduced significantly (p < 0.05) the formation of gastric lesions induced by indomethacin (39%), stress (45%) and by pylorus ligature in mice (31%) when compared to animals treated with vehicle. The extract from V surinamensis exerts gastroprotective action only when this extract contacts gastric mucosa (oral route) with. increased pH values and reduced H(+) concentration of gastric contents. The ethanolic extract of V surinamensis resin was analyzed by TLC and spectrometric methods (NMR and ES-MS) and the main constituent of this extract was epicatechin.Conclusions: We suggest that the epicatechin present in V surinamensis resin may be among active principles responsible for the antiulcer activity shown by the tested resin but their used suggest carefulness because toxicological symptoms mentioned by population. (C) Published by Elsevier B.V.

Effects of Brazilian and Bulgarian propolis on bactericidal activity of macrophages against Salmonella Typhimurium

Propolis has been used in folk medicine since ancient times due to its, many biological properties: such as antimicrobial. antinflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory activities, among others. 'Macrophages play an important role in the early phase of Salmonella infection. In this work, macrophages were prestimated with Brazilian or Bulgarian propolis and subsequently challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium at different macrophage/bacteria ratio. After 60 min of incubation. cells were harvested with Triton-X to lyse the macrophages. To assess the bactericidal activity. The number of colony-forming units (CFU) of S. typhimurium was determined by plating 0.1 mL in 'Mueller Hinton agar. After 24 h. CFU were counted. and the percentage of bactericidal activity was obtained. Propolis from Brazil and Bulgaria enhanced the bactericidal activity of macrophages, depending on its concentration. Brazilian propolis seemed to be more efficient than that from Bulgaria. because of their different chemical composition. In Bulgaria, bees collect the material mainly from the bud exudate of poplar tree, while in Brazil, Baccharis dracunculifolia DC. was shown to be the main propolis source. Our data also showed that the increased bactericidal activity of macrophages involved the participation of oxygen (H2O2) and nitrogen (NO) intermediate metabolites. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effect of propolis, some isolated compounds and its source plant on antibody production

Propolis is a beehive product with a very complex chemical composition, widely used in folk medicine because of its several therapeutic activities. Its biological properties and chemical composition may vary according to the geographic location and to the different plant sources. The possible mechanism of action of propolis as well as of its active compounds has been the subject of researchers in recent years. In this work, first we reported the results of our study on the seasonal effect of the immunomodulatory action of propolis on antibody production in bovine serum albumin (BSA)-immunized rats. Then, we compared the effect of Brazilian and Bulgarian propolis, some isolated compounds and Baccharis extract on anti-BSA antibody levels. Based on the results, we conclude that propolis stimulates antibody production, independently of the season and geographic origin. Caffeic acid, quercetin and Baccharis extract had no effect on antibody production, although the importance of isolated compounds is well reported in other biological assays. Propolis action is a consequence of plant-derived products with synergic effects. while isolated compounds or extracts from its plant sources had no effect in this assay. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

In vitro Cytotoxic Effect of Brazilian Green Propolis on Human Laryngeal Epidermoid Carcinoma (HEp-2) Cells

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Abarema cochliacarpos: Gastroprotective and ulcer-healing activities

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

The anthelmintic effect of plant extracts on Haemonchus contortus and Strongyloides venezuelensis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Chemical investigation and effects of the tea of Passiflora alata on biochemical parameters in rats

Passiflora alata (Passifloraceae) is a native plant from the South-America tropical forest that provides a much apreciated fruit known as maracuja-doce. Although tea of the leaves of Passiflora alata is used in folk medicine as a sedative and tranquilizer, there are no investigations about its effects on biochemical parameters in blood or from its major chemical composition. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the tea of the leaves of Passiflora alata on biochemical parameters (antioxidant system, glucose and cholesterol levels) and to perform a phytochemical investigation of the tea. We isolated and identified two saponins and five C-glycosylflavones derived from apigenin, luteolin and chrysoeriol. Three of them are new in this species. Passiflora alata extract was administrated orally in rats at dose of 1000 mg/kg and it was observed an increase in high-density lipoprotein level (HDL-cholesterol). (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

Obtenção e uso das plantas medicinais no distrito de Martim Francisco, Município de Mogi-Mirim, SP, Brasil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Vochysiaceae: secondary metabolites, ethnopharmacology and pharmacological potential

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação de mutagenicidade e antimutagenicidade de diferentes frações de Pterogyne nitens (Leguminosae), utilizando ensaio de micronúcleo em Tradescantia pallida

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Caracterização anatômica e química de folhas de Jacaranda puberula (Bignoniaceae) presente na Mata Atlântica

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Alchornea glandulosa Ethyl Acetate Fraction Exhibits Antiangiogenic Activity: Preliminary Findings from In Vitro Assays Using Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Anti-inflammatory activity of Alchornea triplinervia ethyl acetate fraction: Inhibition of H2O2, NO and TNF-alpha

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Secondary Metabolites of Miconia rubiginosa

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Antiulcerogenic activity of Indigofera truxillensis Kunth

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)