Present status and problems of mussel culture in India

Two species of mussels, the green mussel (Perna viridis) and the brown mussel (Perna indica) were cultured using the seed collected from the natural beds of the east and west coasts of India. The results of culture experiments are consolidated and the present status is reviewed. Although the culture experiments gave encouraging results, problems such as mooring of rafts in highly turbulent coastal waters, large scale seed requirements, control of predation, legal problems and marketing of end products require urgent attention before undertaking commercial operations. Some of the major problems of mussel culture are outlined for formulating effective management policies and their implementation for commercial mussel farming in India.

Rice-fish culture: status and potential for increased production in the southwestern states of India

The scope of increasing production through rice-fish integration, suitable for coastal districts of Kerala, Karnataka, Goa and Maharashtra, is reviewed. The method of adopting the lowlying freshwater rice fields to raise 2 rice crops along with 4-species fish culture, followed by a third non-cereal summer crop in a year, is discussed. A calendar of operation and economics of the system are presented.

Present status and future scope of fisheries in the Andaman group of islands

The coastal area of approximately 2000 km and the water-bodies in between the Andaman and Nicobar islands are rich in fishery potential which range from 0.012-0.47 million tonnes. The fishery is dominated by catches of sardines, perches, carangids, mackerels, Leiognathus elasmobranchs, seerfish, mullets and tunas. About 2050 fishermen, with 1150 country craft, 113 mechanised boats and 1367 different kinds of nets and lines are engaged in active fishing in the island. Numerous bays, lagoons and creeks are available among the group of islands for mariculture activities. The mangroves of these islands provide feeding and nursery grounds for juveniles of penaeid prawns, crabs and finfishes.

Ecological monitoring of trawling grounds

The development of mechanized fishing in India is traced to point out the harmful effects of trawling by way of disturbing the ecological balance of the ecosystem, of which the fish stocks are a part. It may cause the disappearance of some demersal species from the catches as brought out poignantly in the case of a marine catfish namely, Arius tenuispinis. History of trawling has been the same all over the world showing that depletion of demersal fish stocks is not only due to excessive harvesting but also due to the damage done to the ecological balance of the trawling grounds. The need for ecological monitoring of the trawling grounds is pointed out.

Studies on the status of pollution in certain estuarine areas in Kakinada

The BOD levels and saprotrophication of 2 stations in an estuarine habitat at Kakinada India, was studied during one full tidal cycle. Both the stations were found to be heavily polluted by sewage with BOD values ranging between 10.8 and 12.8 ppm at the commercial canal (station 1) and between 4.8 and 8.8 ppm at the mangrove creek (station 2). Tides did not seem to have much influence on the dilution of the pollutants. Based on planktonic indicator species observed and saprobity index which worked out to be 2.75, both the sampling areas are considered as heavily polluted alpha-mesosaprobic zones.

The association of the Arabidopsis actin-related protein (ARP) 2/3 complex with cell membranes is linked to its assembly status but not its activation

国科图

Social status and problems of fishing community at Allahabad

The paper highlights social status and socio-economic problems of fishermen living along the Ganga and the Yamuna at Allahabad. Since the problems of fishermen varied with respect to category (with owned boat and with hired boat) and location, significance of this variation was tested by x²-test. The paper further emphasises on an intensive study of fishermen community to have in depth analysis of their problems and to suggest remedial measures for their upliftment.