986 resultados para Desenvolvimento de fornecedores


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presente trabalho objetiva construir um Modelo Exploratório de desenvolvimento de tecnologia da informação, aplicável no Brasil, tendo como referência as formas de organização do trabalho e da produção das comunidades Linux. O Modelo deve ser aplicado em ambiente Internet, ou em outras redes de telecomunicação. Por essa razão, utiliza métodos e técnicas de aprendizado à distância e e-Iearning. A construção do Modelo apoia-se, como alicerce teórico fundamental, no conceito de convivialidade de Illich (1976), no entendimento de Inose e Pierce (1984) sobre comunidades de interesse e democratização da produção de software, nos estudos de Malone (1997, 1998) referentes a modelos de organização em rede, nos estudos de Weber (2000) sobre comunidades de interesse online, na metodologia de capacitação "Pensamento Digital" de Joia (1999-1, 1999-2) e na estratégia pedagógico-metodológica do Australian National Training Authority (T AFE/SA). No entanto, as pesquisas de Matesco (2000, 2001) tomaram exeqüível a idéia da construção do Modelo, tendo que vista que o Modelo Exploratório proposto aplica-se, preferencialmente, a países, regiões, empresas ou organizações dependentes tecnologicamente de seus parceiros negociais e com escassez de recursos para aplicar em pesquisa e desenvolvimento. O caminho metodológico para a construção do Modelo inicia-se com uma sucinta abordagem sobre o sistema operacional Linux, a descrição das formas de organização das comunidades Linux e a identificação das formas de organização do trabalho e da produção no Fordismo-Taylorismo e no pós-Fordismo. Situa o funcionamento das comunidades Linux em relação a essas formas de organização. Descreve o processo de formação do conhecimento no aprendizado à distância e no elearning. Aborda a experiência de outros países com o Linux e com as comunidades Linux. Principalmente, o sucesso obtido pelos países nórdicos em absorção de tecnologia. A seguir, fundamentando-se em duas pesquisas de Matesco (2000,2001), analisa a dependência tecnológica do Brasil e propõe o Modelo Exploratório, cujo objetivo é, prioritariamente, colaborar para a redução dessa dependência, por meio de um processo de formação de conhecimento, baseado no aprendizado à distância e e-Iearning do Linux e na propagação de comunidades Linux, empregando-se o modelo de organização em rede.

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O presente trabalho conjuga estudo de fármacos e pesticidas em nível de traços como poluentes no meio aquoso, envolvendo o uso de cromatografia líquida com detector espectrofotométrico na região do ultravioleta (HPLC-UV) para fármacos e cromatografia líquida com detector espectrométrico de massas (LC-ESI-MS-MS) para pesticidas. Quatro fármacos (antibióticos), a saber: ampicilina, amoxilina, tetraciclina e cefalexina, foram avaliados em presença de diversas fases móveis, que foram selecionadas de acordo com a melhor performance cromatográfica, sendo que ampicilina e amoxilina apresentaram melhor performance cromatográfica na mesma fase móvel. Para extração em fase sólida dos fármacos amoxilina e ampicilina foram avaliados três fases comerciais: LC- 18 (SUPELCLEAN), Supelclean TM ENVI TM-Chrom P, Abselut NEXUS. Para os fármacos cefalexina e tetraciclina, além das fases comercias foram avaliadas três novas fases a base de sílicas funcionalizadas com zirconocenos: (MeCp)2ZrCl2, (nBuCp)2ZrCl2 e (iBuCp)2ZrCl2. Amoxilina e ampicilina não apresentaram boas recuperações nas fases e eluentes estudados. Para tetraciclina e cefalexina, a fase comercial Chrom P apresentou boas recuperações quando utilizados os solventes metanol e a mistura 1% de solução aquosa de ácido acético e metanol (60:40), respectivamente. Com relação aos pesticidas, diversas classes (triazinas, feniluréias, organofosforados, anilina, ácidos, molinato e propanil) foram estudadas, somando um total de 20 pesticidas. Três colunas foram avaliadas em diferentes gradientes. Foi selecionada a coluna Purospher START RP e o gradiente acetonitrila-água. Triazinas, feniluréias, organosfosforados, anilinas e o pesticida propanil foram determinadas em modo de ionização spray eletrônico positivo, os pesticidas ácidos e propanil foram determinados em modo de ionização spray eletrônico negativo. Para cada pesticida foi encontrada duas transições (íon produtor-íon produzido) e confirmadas por MRM (Multiple Reaction Monitoring). O método apresentou linearidade com coeficientes de correlação maiores que 0,99. Uma metodologia para extração em fase sólida on line foi também desenvolvida. Essa metodologia apresentou-se altamente sensível (limites de detecção entre 0,040 e 2,794 ng L-1), simples rápida (45 minutos por análise) e precisa (desvio padrão relativo entre 1,99 e 12,15 %).

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Esse trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar que a formação de clusters de pequenas e médias empresas na área de móveis pode representar uma futura alternativa econômica para Colatina. o foco principal desse estudo visa, analisar o aglomerado de empresas moveleiras do município de Colatina, localizado no centro-oeste do Espírito Santo. Pretende-se identificar como estas empresas estão organizadas, quais barreiras são enfrentadas por elas ao buscar formas de garantir competitividade, e quais atividades poderiam ser alvos de estímulos por parte das instituições de fomento com vistas a transformar este pólo moveleiro em um cluster dinâmico e iniciar um processo de desenvolvimento local. Observamos que Colatina, constitui um caso interessante de estudo por se tratar de um aglomerado de PMEs que, mesmo tendo que enfrentar alguns obstáculos, está conseguindo dinamizar o sistema produtivo local e atrair investimentos.

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Este trabalho mostra que o fomento de clusters na área de produtos regIOnaIS - particularmente compostos por empresas de micro, pequeno e médio porte - representa uma estratégia alternativa econômica futura para a Zona Franca de Manaus - ZFM e o resto da Amazônia Ocidental. Além dos fundamentos teóricos relacionados aos clusters e pólos de desenvolvimento, o estudo baseou-se também nas evidências empíricas de quatro empresas de Manaus que operam com produtos regionais amazônicos. A pesquisa detecta a formação inicial de um cluster na área de produtos regionais que necessita de uma interação maior entre todos os agentes locais, a fim de ser operacionalizado. Conclui que estratégias econômicas para exploração das potencialidades regionais podem levar ao desenvolvimento de clusters de indústrias baseada na biodiversidade da região que usará matéria-prima local e conhecimento. Desta maneira, as estratégias de desenvolvimento sustentado podem trazer de volta muitos beneficios à região Amazônica e contribuir para a diversificação da atual base industrial da ZFM.

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A dissertação trata de modelos de gerenciamento para o desenvolvimento planejado das cidades. Seu objetivo é a identificação e a análise dos modelos institucionais usados no processo de planejamento e gerenciamento urbano da cidade de Vitória, a partir da década de 70. Seu desenvolvimento mostra um levantamento histórico do planejamento e gerenciamento urbano da cidade; descreve algumas iniciativas de planejamento e planos de desenvolvimento urbano elaborados para a cidade e analisa tais iniciativas e planos sob os aspectos dos objetivos alcançado, da hierarquização desses objetivos, do custo de se atingir cada objetivo, da construção institucional, dos marcos de avaliação e dos resultados alcançados. A pesquisa foi histórico-descritiva e explicativa, realizada por meio de pesquisa de campo, bibliográfica, documental e telematizada. Seus resultados conduziram à conclusão de que não há tecnologia gerencial disponível para administrar macro-aglomerados urbanos e que o processo de planejamento é um modelo dinâmico destinado a controlar eventos aleatórios não podendo ser pulverizado entre várias jurisdições e nem centralizado num único agente ou entidade.

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This dissertation seeks to add new evidence to the international debate on globalization of innovation in the developing countries context. Globalization of innovation, in this dissertation, is defined and measured by the types, levels and rate of innovative technological capability accumulation and the underlying technological learning processes (sources of capabilities) at the firm level in late-industrializing countries ¿ or developing countries. This relationship is examined within a large transnational corporation (TNC) subsidiary of the information and communication technology (ICT) sector in Brasil: Motorola do Brasil during over the period from 1996 to 2006. In the international literature there is a strong debate on the extent to which innovative technological capabilities have been spreading internationally. But, the most of the studies are focused on early industrialized countries. In other words, there is still a scarcity of analysis, mainly at the firm level, from the perspective of developing countries. This dissertation supports itself in analytical basis developed in the international literature on accumulation of technological capabilities and learning in the context of developing countries. The learning processes examined in this dissertation are: (i) intra-firm learning processes; (ii) inter-firm learning processes (links between mother and sister companies); and (iii) links between the firm and other organizations of the innovation system (universities, research institutes, among others). Based on first-hand empirical evidence, qualitative and quantitative, collected on the basis of extensive fieldwork, this dissertation examines these issues with adequate level of detail and depth, in this large company in Brazil. The study results suggest that: Concerning the path of the technological capability accumulation, the firm exhibited heterogeneity in the path of accumulation of technological capabilities to distinct functions. For the functions Software Engineering and Process and Management Project the firm reached the Level 6 (Innovative Intermediate Superior), on a scale that ranges from 1 to 7; In relation to technological capability sources, the firm deliberately sought and built sources of knowledge in order to develop and sustain its innovative technological capabilities. The dissertation, thus, contributes to adding new empirical evidence to the debate on globalization of innovative capabilities from a late-industrializing perspective.

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Tourism as an example of alternative for sustainable development in the Lençóis Maranhenses. The objective of this work is to analyze the prospects for sustainable development in tourism in the aforementioned region. An attempt is made to evaluate the five dimensions of sustainable - ecological, economic, social, space and cultural. The base for discussion is the information gathered from the people who actually live in the region. A type of the case study was built up. The research involved speaking with the people about the viability of tourism projects, not only with an eye on economic success, job creation and income for the region. There was also an attempt to tackle the issue of social and environment impact. Data was collected through verbal contact. A variety of people were interviewed, locals, businessmen, authorities, civil representatives and they spoke about the advantages and disadvantages of tourism as the saw it and as it affected them. Their answers and comments constitute the knowledge gleaned. The development of possible new strategies is the result of this work. Strategies that should be investigated by the local government/public administration. One such strategy would involve strengthening ties whit society and hoping that the improved dialogue would encourage sustainability. Another would mean improving interdepartmental contact to streamline the performance of public bodies so that development can be better planned and non-destructive.

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In the last years, a number of enterprises ¿ each time greater ¿ have perceived the importance of the strategic management of the intellectual capital in its strategic planning. Factors like globalization of the economy and consequent awareness of specialized work value enclosed in organizational processes and routines, awareness of knowledge as factor of distinct production and low cost of data processing nets, point to a growing replacement of physical force for cerebral in our organizations and in our social lives. This work has the objective to analyze how the information technology, in its present stage, may contribute to creation and development of knowledge, or intellectual capital, in the organization of business. We will use for this purpose the methodology proposed by Nonaka and Takeuchi for creation of knowledge in the organizations. The model is based in two basic points: 1) the existence of two types of knowledge, the tacit and the explicit and its several processes of interaction wich generate operational knowledge (internalization), systematic knowledge (combination), shared knowledge (socialization) and conceptual knowledge (externalization); 2) the view that knowledge in principle is individual, belongs to each member of the organization and must be enlarged 'in an organization way'. Considering the characteristics of the methodology used, the proposal is the construction of a knowledge portal in the organization of business, so that it may be used as a tool for helping to create and develop organizational knowledge.

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Over the last 40 years there has been a profusion of studies about the ccumulation of technological capacities in firms from developing economies. However, there remain few studies that examine, on a combined basis, the relationship among: the trajectories of technological capacities accumulation; the underlying learning mechanisms; and, the implications of organizational factors for these two variables. Still scarcer are the studies that examine the relationship among these variables along time and based on a comparative case study. This dissertation examines the relationship among the trajectory of accumulation of innovative capacities in complex project management, the learning mechanisms underlying these technological capacities and the intra-organizational factors that influence these learning echanisms. That set of relationships is examined through a comparative and a long-term (1988-2008) case study in a capital goods firm (for the pulp and paper industry) and a pulp mill in Brazil. Based on first-hand quantitative and qualitative empiric evidence, gathered through extensive field research, this dissertation found: 1. Both firms accumulated innovative capacity in project management at the international frontier level (Level 6). However, there was variability between the firms in terms of the nature and speed of accumulation of those capacities. It was also observed that, at this level of innovation, the innovative capacities of both firms are not confined to their organizational boundaries, but they are distributed beyond their boundaries. 2. So that these companies could accumulate those levels of innovative capacities it was necessary to manage several learning mechanisms: leveraging of external knowledge and its internalization in terms of internal apacities of the firm. In other words, as the companies accumulated more innovative levels of capacities for project management, it was necessary to manage different cycles of technological learning. 3. Further, the relationship between the ccumulation of technological capacities and learning was affected positively by intra-organizational factors, such as 'authority disposition', 'mutability of work roles' and 'intensity of internal crises', and negatively by the factor 'singularity of goals'. This dissertation revealed divergent results between firms in two of the four factors studied. These results contribute to advance our understanding of the complexity and variability involved in the process of accumulation of innovative capacities in firms from developing economies. This highlights the growing importance of the organizational and the human resource dimensions of innovation and technological capacity as the company approaches the international frontier. The results suggest to managers that: (i) the good performance in project management in the two firms studied did not occur simply as a result of the pulp and paper Brazilian industry growth, rather as a result of the deliberate construction and accumulation of the capacities through an intensive and coordinated cyclical process of technological learning, (ii) to develop innovative capabilities in project management, besides looking for learning mechanisms they should also look at the organizational factors that influence the learning mechanisms directly, (iii) performance of pulp mill¿s projects is better when projects are implemented together with technology suppliers than when performed only by the mill. This dissertation concludes that capital goods firms have been having a fundamental role for the innovative capabilities accumulation in project management of pulp mills in Brazil (and vice-versa) for a long time. This contradicts some authors' propositions that affirm that: a) equipment suppliers for the pulp and paper industry have been creating little, if any, development of processes or engineering projects in Brazil; b) firms in the pulp and paper industry have little capacity for machinery and equipments projects only taking place in few technological activities, being internal or external to the firm. Finally, some studies are proposed for future research.

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This study evaluates how the interaction among organizations located in Vila do Abraão, in Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro State, has contributed to the sustainability of this locality. An analysis of the island¿s local problems showed that firms informality and solid waste management practices were bringing damaging consequences to the island, and that this local productive arrangement (APL) has been able to collectively find solutions to such issues. These solutions basically encompassed: a) choosing estrategies the lead to a self-sustained model and not traditional way dependent on tax benefits; b) recognizing that the solutions to these problems involved the common action of public and private sectors and the civil society, and that various artifices should be used to establish such cooperation; c) the presence of actors outside the APL who played an important role in overcoming the problems of the cluster; d) using transparent legal instruments that defined the rights and obligations of each party and e) tripartite social entrepreneurship actions through NGOs to help solve problems common to the whole island.

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The scenario, in which the Brazilian food industry is inserted, aims at the need of an organizational concept review leading to great changes in order to be truly prepared to compete in an insipient growth environment, with attentive consumers and strong buyers. Parmalat-Brazil is restructuring itself in a project called Internal Efficiency Project, so as to compete in this environment. The aim of this work is to define the planning of Parmalat's Salesmen Training in order to guarantee the suitability of these resources to the new format of the business in Brazil, aligned with this project. By understanding the identity of the organization, competences necessary to the execution of the salesman function were defined, and a research and study was done to comprehend the competence level, which exists in this team. A training plan was proposed to cover the lacuna between the necessary competences and the existing ones.

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One of principal goals of this work was to investigate the reasons for the growth of Corporate University in Brazil, therefore, it is concluded that the capacitation is geared towards the improvement of the performance of the organization¿s business; the dissemination of common values in the organization includes customers, suppliers and society; The investment in the trademark of the company uses the network of people committed to the organization; and the development of the innovation¿s culture and the growth within the organization. The other main objective of this study was to identify the perception of the official in relation to the University Petrobras in training and development of the individual and its consequent increase in value. For this, 5 testimonies were collected and a field research was made with the application of a closed questionnaire considering a sample of 43 respondents, which are allocated among the states of Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo. The research shows that 88 % of the respondents approve the conduction of teaching/learning and consequent enhancement of human potential, in line with the strategic goals of the Company, promoted by Petrobrás Corporate University. Finally, it is concluded that the Corporative University is an institution of education and training of companies that provide several learning alternatives, aligned to organizational strategies, to promote the development not only of their staff, but also of other members of the value chain of the company, as customers, suppliers and partners.

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O trabalho aborda o desenvolvimento, desempenho e resultados alcançados por sistemas de compras eletrônicas no contexto dos governos, focalizando o caso do sistema adotado pela administração federal brasileira, denominado Sistema Integrado de Administração de Serviços Gerais ¿ SIASG e seu portal na Internet, o Comprasnet. A inserção do SIASG/Comprasnet na área de compras da administração pública federal é contextualizada, com a descrição da estrutura organizacional, do aparato legal e normativo que rege as licitações e do perfil do governo federal como grande comprador. O sistema de compras eletrônicas se insere como ferramenta informatizada gerida pelo órgão que é responsável pela supervisão técnica e normativa sobre o conjunto dos ministérios, autarquias e fundações da administração federal. São identificadas as transformações ocorridas na gestão das compras em conexão com a implantação do SIASG/Comprasnet na administração federal e analisado o seu estágio atual de desenvolvimento. Um referencial teórico é construído para a análise de sistemas de compras eletrônicas, compatível com as peculiaridades do ambiente de governo. Este referencial contempla o levantamento de um conjunto de impactos esperados sobre a área de compras, em decorrência da implementação de sistemas de compras eletrônicas e a construção de uma matriz de parâmetros para a avaliação do desenvolvimento e maturidade destes sistemas. O estudo de caso do SIASG/Comprasnet mostra que, na perspectiva de sua maturidade e desenvolvimento, esse sistema apresenta uma inserção consolidada, abrangência ainda incompleta e funcionalidades bastante desenvolvidas. Com relação ao seu desempenho e resultados, são apresentadas diversas evidências de avanços alcançados, em especial, a redução de preços nas licitações realizadas em meio eletrônico, a ampliação do acesso e da participação dos fornecedores, a melhoria de eficiência dos procedimentos de licitação e a ampliação da transparência e do controle sobre as compras.

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This dissertation seeks to add new evidence to the international debate on globalization of innovation in the developing countries context. Globalization of innovation, in this dissertation, is defined and measured by the types, levels and rate of innovative technological capability accumulation and the underlying technological learning processes (sources of capabilities) at the firm level in late-industrializing countries ¿ or developing countries. This relationship is examined within a large transnational corporation (TNC) subsidiary of the information and communication technology (ICT) sector in Brasil: Motorola do Brasil during over the period from 1996 to 2006. In the international literature there is a strong debate on the extent to which innovative technological capabilities have been spreading internationally. But, the most of the studies are focused on early industrialized countries. In other words, there is still a scarcity of analysis, mainly at the firm level, from the perspective of developing countries. This dissertation supports itself in analytical basis developed in the international literature on accumulation of technological capabilities and learning in the context of developing countries. The learning processes examined in this dissertation are: (i) intra-firm learning processes; (ii) inter-firm learning processes (links between mother and sister companies); and (iii) links between the firm and other organizations of the innovation system (universities, research institutes, among others). Based on first-hand empirical evidence, qualitative and quantitative, collected on the basis of extensive fieldwork, this dissertation examines these issues with adequate level of detail and depth, in this large company in Brazil. The study results suggest that: Concerning the path of the technological capability accumulation, the firm exhibited heterogeneity in the path of accumulation of technological capabilities to distinct functions. For the functions Software Engineering and Process and Management Project the firm reached the Level 6 (Innovative Intermediate Superior), on a scale that ranges from 1 to 7; In relation to technological capability sources, the firm deliberately sought and built sources of knowledge in order to develop and sustain its innovative technological capabilities. The dissertation, thus, contributes to adding new empirical evidence to the debate on globalization of innovative capabilities from a late-industrializing perspective.