The Europeanisation of Criminal Law and the Criminal Law Dimension of European Integration. Research Papers in Law, 3/2005

From the Introduction. In the academic year 1991-1992, Utrecht University, on my initiative, started to offer courses in European criminal law. This initiative came at a symbolic moment, just prior to the entry into force of the EU Treaty of Maastricht1 and the outlining of European policy in the areas of Justice and Home Affairs (JHA). The Director of the Legal Department, Paul DEMARET, was aware of the significance of this development and I have been given the opportunity to teach this subject at the College of Europe since 1995. Since then, JHA has evolved into one of the main areas of EU legislation. Now we are again on the threshold of an important historical feat. In June 2003, the European Convention reached agreement concerning a draft Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe.2 The use of the term “Constitution” for the future EU Treaty is not simply cosmetic. The realisation has dawned that EU integration must be embedded in a treaty document which also regulates the rights and duties of citizens, not just with respect to European citizenship, but also with respect to, for example, Justice. Where JHA is concerned, this result acknowledges that the harmonisation of criminal law and criminal procedure and transnational cooperation cannot preclude the harmonisation of principles of due law and fair trial. Despite the substantial Europeanisation of criminal law, many criminal lawyers are defending the achievements and typicalities of their national criminal law like never before. EU initiatives are assessed from the perspective of the national agenda and national achievements. We are still too far removed from a European criminal law policy that is both European and enjoys national support. The core issue is therefore not how to keep our criminal (procedural) law national and free from European influences, but rather how to ensure democratic decision making, the quality of the constitutional state and the guarantees of criminal law in a national administrative model which has to operate increasingly interactively within a European and international context. In this contribution, the contours of the Europeanisation of criminal law are outlined and analysed. First, attention will be paid to the EC and, second, to the JHA. Following this, an evaluation and a look ahead at the current IGC are indicated.

The Greek Testament : with a critically revised text, a digest of various readings, marginal references to verbal and idiomatic usage, prolegomena, and a critical and exegetical commentary, for the use of theological students and ministers / by Henry Alford.

Bibliography in each volume.

Index of History of Ottawa County, Michigan, Chicago, H.R. Page & Co., 1882.

Typescript (carbon copy).

Pioneer women of Genesee County /

Typescript.

The letters of Heinrich Armin Rattermann to the German-American poet-priest, John E. Rothensteiner;

"A sequel to the biographical monograph on Heinrich Armin Rattermann."--Pref.

Das illustrirte Mississippithal : dargestellt in 80 nach der Natur aufgenommenen Ansichten vom Wasserfalle zu St. Anthony an bis zum Golf von Mexico (eine Entfernung von ungefähr 2300 englischen Meilen) /

Cf. Sabin 40807.

Truck safety : disposition of allegations concerning three safety audits : fact sheet for the chairwoman, Subcommittee on Government Activities and Transportation, Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives /

"November 1987."

Archaelogic and historic fragments. Containing, inter alia, a facsimile of a rare ms. page dated 1638, having reference to two of Shakespeare's most famous plays, with notes thereon.

On a ms. list of plays of the year 1638. -- Sir Anthony Browne, standard bearer to king Henry VIII, and his descendants. -- On the source and nomenclature of the river Thames. -- On Sir Philip Sidney and his father, Sir Henry Sidney, in relation to Ludlow castle. -- Episodes in the career of Humphrey duke of Gloucester, and his first duchess, and their connection with the abbey of St. Albans. -- On the involuntary visit of Philip of Austria and Juana of Spain to Weymouth in 1506, and its consequences. -- Recuiver, the Regulbium of the Romans. -- Appendix.

The case of seduction : being, an account of the late proceedings at Paris ... against the reverend Abbée, Claudius Nicholas des Rues, for committing rapes upon 133 virgins. ... /

The unnumbered leaf is the contents leaf for 'The case of seduction'

Portrait of a Man, Possibly an Architect or Geographer

Peter Paul Rubens; 8 1/2 in.x 5 3/4 in.; oil on copper

Mont Sainte-Victoire and the Viaduct of the Arc River Valley

Paul Cézanne; 2 ft. 1 3/4 in.x 2 ft. 8 1/8 in.; oil on canvas

In quest of clean air for Berlin, New Hampshire

Mode of access: Internet.

Letters to the Royal Commissioners for the visitation of colleges in Scotland.

Mode of access: Internet.

Character of renaissance architecture,

Introduction.--The dome of Florence.--Church architecture of the Florentine renaissance.--The dome of St. Peter's.--Church architecture of the Roman renaissance.--Palace architecture of the Florentine renaissance.--Palace architecture of the Roman renaissance.--Church architecture of the renaissance in north Italy.--Palace architecture of the renaissance in north Italy.--Architectural carving of the renaissance.--Architecture of the early renaissance in France.--Lescot and De l'Orme.--Architecture of the renaissance in England. I. Elizabethan art.--Architecture of the renaissance in England. II. Jones and Wren.--Conclusion.