Identification and expression of the 20 kd structural protein gene of colitis bacteriophage

The 2.3 kb BamHI fragment from the colitis bacteriophage DNA was transcribed and translated into a 20 kd structural protein P6, in a coupled transcription-translation system derived from Escherichia coli. This protein was expressed in vivo by the 2.3 kb DNA cloned in pBR322. The gene with the regulatory elements for this protein was located on the 680 bp AvaII fragment of the insert DNA. It hybridized with two RNAs of sizes 520 and 1630 nucleotides indicating that both are messengers for the 20 kd protein. Dot-blot hybridization showed that the transcripts for P6 reached a maximum level at 12 min after phage infection.

Alaviisaudenhampaan juuren etäisyys alaleuanhermosta 20-vuotiailla

Alaviisaudenhampaiden poistojen harvinaisiin komplikaatioihin kuuluu alaleuanhermon vaurioituminen. Ennen poistoa panoraamakuvasta määritetään hampaan ja hermokanavan välinen etäisyys: rakenteiden kuvautuessa erilleen ei hermovaurion vaaraa katsota olevan. Tutkielman tarkoituksena oli selvittää, kuinka usein alaviisaudenhammas ja hermokanava kuvautuvat panoraamakuvassa päällekkäin, erilleen tai sivuavat toisiaan. Tutkimusaineiston panoraamakuvat on otettu Ylioppilaiden Terveydenhoitosäätiöllä Helsingissä osana normaalia hammashoitoa 20-vuotiaista (20,3±0,6 vuotta) Helsingin yliopiston opiskelijoista (N=137, naisia 71 %). Mukaan otetuissa kuvissa näkyi molemmat alaviisaudenhampaat. Panoraamakuvista mitattiin alaviisaudenhampaan etäisyys hermokanavasta millimetreinä. Tilastollisena menetelmänä käytettiin Khin-neliötestiä ja merkitsevänä erona P<0,05. Tulosten mukaan vain viidennes (19 %) alaviisaudenhampaista kuvautui erilleen hermokanavasta. Sivuavia oli 21 % ja päällekkäin kuvautuvia 60 %. Naisilla hermokanavan kanssa päällekkäin kuvautuvia hampaita oli huomattavasti enemmän kuin miehillä (65 % ja 46 %, P=0,003). Johtopäätöksenä oli, että ennen poistoa lähes kaikkien kohdalla (4/5) on pohdittava hermovaurion mahdollisuutta ja otettava potilas mukaan hoitopäätöksen tekoon. Tutkimuksen tulos on tärkeä, sillä alaviisaudenhampaita poistetaan paljon ja panoraamakuvaus on yleisin tutkimus ennen poistoja.

The structure of 3[beta],20[alpha]-bis(dimethylamino)pregn-5-en-18-ol

Abstract. C25H44N20 , M r= 388.6, orthorhombic, P21212 I, a = 6.185 (2), b = 18.123 (2), c = 20.852 (2) A, U= 2337.2 A 3, Z = 4, D x = 1.104 Mg m -a, 2(Cu Ka) = 1.5418 A,/~ = 0.47 mm -~, F(000) = 864, T= 293 K. Final R - 0.038 for 1791 reflections with I >_ 3a(I). Rings A and C are in chair conformation. Ring B is in an 8fl,9a-half-chair conformation. Ring D adopts a conformation in between 13fl,14a-half-chair and 13t-envelope. There is a quasitrans fusion of rings A and B, whilst ring systems B/C and C/D are trans fused about the bonds C(8)-C(9)and C(13)-C(14).

Silva Fennica Vol. 20, 1986.

Julkaistu Silva Fennica Vol. 20(4) -numeron liitteenä.

Synthesis Of (+/-)-2-Isopropyl-5,6-Dimethylbicyclo[3.2.1]Oct-6-En-8-One

Methanolic hydrogen chloride cyclization of the triketone 8, prepared from the Mannich base 7 and 2-methylcyclopentane-1,3-dione, gives ketones 9 and 10. NaBH4 reduction of 9 followed by Grignard reaction with CH3MgI affords the diol 12. Catalytic hydrogenation of 12 followed by PCC oxidation yields the ketoalcohol 13. Dehydration of 13 with SOCl2/pyridine results in a 1:1 mixture of the endo-14 and exo-15 olefins, separated by chromatography.

An in situ electron microscope investigation of the icosahedral-to-decagonal quasicrystalline transformation in Al-20 at.% Mn

The solid-state transformation behaviour of the icosahedral phase in rapidly solidified Al-20 at.% Mn has been investigated by in situ heating experiments in the transmission electron microscope. As-rapidly-solidified Al-20 at.% Mn consists mainly of a dendritic icosahedral phase, with a small amount of interdendritic f.c.c. agr-Al. During subsequent heat treatment at temperatures below about 500°C, the dendritic icosahedral phase grows and consumes the interdendritic agr-Al. At about 500°C the decagonal phase nucleates near icosahedral dendrite and grain boundaries and then grows into the icosahedral matrix by lateral motion of ledges 10-20 nm high across facet planes normal to the twofold symmetry axes. At about 600°C the decagonal phase transforms into a crystalline phase. The present study suggests that solid-state decomposition of the icosahedral phase is the mechanism of decagonal phase formation in as-rapidly-solidified Al-Mn alloys.

Covalent attachment of two important dicopper(II) systems in a one-dimensional polymeric chain: An x-ray structure of [Cu2(en)2(OH)2·Cu2(O2CMe)4](PF6)2·0.5EtOH]α showing the shortest Cucdots, three dots, centeredCu Distance in the tetraacetato core

Reaction of Cu2(O2CMe)4(H2O)2 with 1,2-diaminoethane(en) in ethanol, followed by the addition of NH4PF6, led to the formation of a covalently linked 1D polymeric copper(II) title complex showing alternating [Cu2(en)2(OH)22+] and [Cu2(O2CMe)4] units in the chain and the shortest Cucdots, three dots, centeredCu separation of 2.558(2) Å in the tetraacetato core.

Microwave Irradiation Assisted Method for the Rapid Synthesis of fine Particles of alpha Al2O3 And alpha (Al1-XCrx)(2)O-3 And Their Coatings on Si(100)

Chromium substituted beta diketonate complexes of aluminium have been synthesized and employed as precursors for a novel soft chemistry process wherein microwave irradiation of a solution of the complex yields within minutes well crystallized needles of alpha (Al1 XCrx)(2)O-3 measuring 20 30 nm in diameter and 50 nm long By varying the microwave irradiation parameters and using a surfactant such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone the crystallite size and shape can be controlled and their agglomeration prevented These microstructural parameters as well as the polymorph of the Cr substituted Al2O3 formed may also be controlled by employing a different complex Samples of alpha (Al1 XCrx)(2)O-3 have been characterized by XRD FTIR and TEM The technique results in material of homogeneous metal composition, as shown by EDAX and can be adjusted as desired The technique has been extended to obtain coatings of alpha (Al1 XCrx)(2)O-3 on Si(100)

Solvation and axial ligation properties of (2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octabromo-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrinato)zinc(II)

he solvation of (2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octabromo-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrinato)zinc(II)[Zn(obtpp)], in twelve different solvents results in large red shifts of the B and Q bands of the porphyrin accompanied by enhanced absorbance ratios of the Q bands. These observations are ascribed to the destabilisation of the highest occupied molecular orbital a2u of the porphyrin arising from a flow of charge from the axial ligand to the porphyrin ring through the zinc(II) ion. The binding constants of adducts of [Zn(obtpp)] with neutral bases have been found to be an order of magnitude greater than those observed for the corresponding adducts of (5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrinato)-zinc and vary in the order piperidine > imidazole > pyridine > 3-methylpyridine > pyridine-3-carbaldehyde. The enhanced binding constants and large spectral shifts are interpreted in terms of the electrophilicity of [Zn(obtpp)] induced by the electron-withdrawing bromine substituents in the porphyrin core. The structure of [Zn(obtpp)(PrCN)2] has been determined; it reveals six-co-ordinated zinc(II) with two long Zn–N distance [2.51(4), 2.59(3)Å]. The porphyrin is non-planar and displays a saddle-shaped conformation.

Structure of pregna-4,16-diene-7[alpha],14[alpha]-diol-3,20-dione

7a,14a-Dihydroxypregna-4,16-diene-3,20- dione, C21H2804, M r = 344.45, orthorhombic, P212121, a = 7.136 (1), b = 12.342 (1), c = 20.049 (3)/k, V= 1765.7 (3)/k 3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.295 g cm -3, A(Cu Kte) = 1.5418/k, /z = 6.7 cm- a, F(000) = 744, T = 293 K, R = 0.048 for 1345 observations. The A ring may be described as in a l a,2flhalf- chair conformation or a l a-sofa conformation. The B and C rings adopt normal chair conformations and the D ring has a 14a-envelope conforma tion. The molecules are held together by a hydrogen bond [0(3)...0(7)= 2.767 A].

3,12-dinitro-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin- an example of a twisted intramolecular charge-transfer system

he porphyrin ring in the title compound, 10,19-dinitro-2,7,12,17-tetraphenyl-21,22,23,24-tetraazapenta-cyclo[16.2.1.1(3,6).1(8,11).1(13,16)]tetracosa-1,3,5,7,9,11(23),-12,14,16,18(21),19-undecaene 0.5-dichloromethane solvate, C44H28N6O4.0.5CH2Cl2, adopts a saddle conformation with neighbouring pyrrole rings tilted with respect to each other. The two nitro groups are situated on alternate pyrrole rings and have their planes angled away from those of the pyrrole rings, thereby indicating that interaction between the porphyrin and nitro groups is slight.

Bridgehead substitution of 1-methoxybicyclo[2.2.2]oct 5-en-2-one derivatives: towards the synthesis of (±)-allo-cedrol [khusiol]1

Preparation of the key intermediates, 11 and 21, required for the synthesis of (+/-)-allo-cedrol (khusiol) is reported by a novel methodology involving the substitution at the bridgehead position of 1-methoxybicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-en-2-one derivatives