973 resultados para Biomembranen, 5-Azido-2-Nitrobenzoesäurechlorid, Glykolipopolymer, Goldoberfläche, Photofixierung, Lipiddoppelschicht


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Fourteen mice trapped in or near houses were infected with Pneumocystis carinii and the establishment of pneumonia was helped by injecting with cortisone acetate for 6 weeks. Then 16 cats were infected with P. carinii by injection of lung homogenate from the mice which contained from 1.3 X 10(5) to 2.6 X 10(5) P. carinii cysts. The infection resulted in severe cough and tachypnea in Cats 1-8 injected with cortisone acetate, and a subclinical infection in Cats 9-16. In Cats 1-8, the main pathological finding was typical P. carinii pneumonia, but there only was slight swelling of the lungs in Cats 9-16.

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Background: The anti-HIV-1 neutralizing antibody assay is widely used in AIDS vaccine research and other experimental and clinical studies. The vital dye staining method applied in the detection of anti-HIV-1 neutralizing antibody has been used in many laboratories. However, the unknown factor(s) in sera or plasma affected cell growth and caused protection when the tested sera or plasma was continuously maintained in cell culture. In addition, the poor solubility of neutral red in medium (such as RPMI-1640) also limited the use of this assay. Methods: In this study, human T cell line C8166 was used as host cells, and 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)- 2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) instead of neutral red was used as vital dye. In order to avoid the effect of the unknown factor( s), the tested sera or plasma was removed by a washout procedure after initial 3 - 6 h culture in the assay. Result: This new assay eliminated the effect of the tested sera or plasma on cell growth, improved the reliability of detection of anti-HIV-1 neutralizing antibody, and showed excellent agreement with the p24 antigen method. Conclusion: The results suggest that the improved assay is relatively simple, highly duplicable, cost-effective, and well reliable for evaluating anti-HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies from sera or plasma.

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We report a novel utilization of periodic arrays of carbon nanotubes in the realization of diffractive photonic crystal lenses. Carbon nanotube arrays with nanoscale dimensions (lattice constant 400 nm and tube radius 50 nm) displayed a negative refractive index in the optical regime where the wavelength is of the order of array spacing. A detailed computational analysis of band gaps and optical transmission through the nanotubes based planar, convex and concave shaped lenses was performed. Due to the negative-index these lenses behaved in an opposite fashion compared to their conventional counter parts. A plano-concave lens was established and numerically tested, displaying ultra-small focal length of 1.5 μm (∼2.3 λ) and a near diffraction-limited spot size of 400 nm (∼0.61 λ). © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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采用恒温摇床培养方法,研究了不同营养源(处理1:尿素+乙酸钠;处理2:亚硝酸钠+乙酸钠;处理3:硝酸钾+乙酸钠;处理4:碳酸氢铵;处理5:硫酸铵+碳酸氢钠;处理6:磷酸二氢钾+碳酸氢钠)对复合垂直流人工湿地基质生物膜培养液pH值的影响,探讨了pH值变化过程中生物膜脱氢酶活性和多糖含量的变化规律。结果表明,处理1、4以及5中培养液pH值先下降然后再上升,但下降和上升的幅度不同。处理2、3以及6中培养液pH值添加碳源前在7.30~7.40之间缓慢变化,添加碳源后均上升至9.00左右。在培养液pH值变化的过程中

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从滇池蓝藻水华集聚区分离获得一株溶藻细菌DC-L14,经16SrDNA序列分析鉴定为Lysinibacillus fusiformis;小白鼠毒性试验初步显示该菌株未产生小白鼠中毒毒素;该菌能使铜锈微囊藻905聚集成团,沉于瓶底,最终黄化;该菌作用4d,使惠氏微囊藻107、绿色微囊藻102、水华束丝藻和水华鱼腥藻的叶绿素a下降率最高为70.1%,最低为65.5%,平均为67.2%;当细菌处于稳定生长期时溶藻效果最强,共培养4d能使铜锈微囊藻905的叶绿素a含量下降82.1%;离心沉降后检测,发现菌体本身无

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从复合垂直流人工湿地表层基质中分离出一株硝化活性较强的异养硝化细菌H-1,进行biolog菌种鉴定,鉴定系统中没有与该菌株特性相似的数据记录。16SrDNA的序列分析结果显示,菌株H-1与产碱杆菌属(Alcaligenes)粪产碱杆菌(A.faecalis)有98%相似性,认为分离菌株H-1可能为Alcaligenes A.faecalis。通过4因素3水平的正交试验,结果显示,当温度为30℃,pH为7.5,接种量为107CFU,溶氧2.25mg·L-1时,该菌株亚硝化反应效果最佳;影响亚硝化反应效果的因

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采用2μg/mL微囊藻毒素-RR(MC-RR)、2μg/mL MC-RR+0.5%二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和2μg/mL MC-RR+2 mmol/L抗坏血酸(ASA)分别处理烟草悬浮细胞,研究上述各处理对烟草悬浮细胞活性氧(ROS)产生和抗氧化系统的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,MC-RR单独处理后烟草悬浮细胞中ROS、膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)和细胞内源ASA的含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性明显升高,还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量有一个先降后升的变化过程。在分别加入外源抗氧

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本实验设计了营养相近、不同动植物蛋白比的四种膨化饲料(饲料1,1.5∶1;饲料2,3∶1;饲料3,5∶1;饲料4,7∶1),研究了动植物蛋白比对中华鳖稚鳖摄食、生长、饲料利用能力和营养组成的影响。饲料1组稚鳖的摄食率显著高于饲料2—4组。饲料1—4组稚鳖的特定生长率没有显著影响。饲料1组稚鳖的干物质和脂类消化率、饲料转化效率、蛋白贮积率和能量贮积率显著低于饲料2—4组。饲料1组稚鳖体脂肪含量显著低于饲料4组。稚鳖的上述指标在饲料2—4组间均无显著差异。结果表明,鳖膨化饲料动植物蛋白比对中华鳖稚鳖生长特性有

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通过比较子陵吻鰕虎鱼的一个入侵种群(抚仙湖)和两个原产种群(巢湖和洞庭湖)的繁殖策略的异同,研究了该物种在被引入抚仙湖后所作出的繁殖策略上的变化。入侵种群的产卵时间为7—10月份,产卵持续时间长达4个月;而两个原产种群的产卵时间均为7—9月份,产卵持续时间达3个月。三个种群的个体相对繁殖力分别为2826.5±827.4(抚)、3657.9±366.5(巢)和3592.2±1160.5(洞)粒/g,两个原产种群之间无显著差异(p>0.05),而入侵种群的相对繁殖力显著下降(p<0.05)。另外,入侵种群的月

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借助人工装置和露天水池,通过分析实验水体中氮、磷元素浓度的变化,研究了实验室条件下一种绿球藻(Chlorococcumsp.)和露天小型生态系统中寡枝刚毛藻(Cladophora oligoclonaKütz).对污水中氮磷营养的去除效果.结果显示:绿球藻在高浓度氮和磷的污水中生长良好并维持较高的氮磷去除率,在6天处理期间,人工污水中总溶解性氮、硝酸盐氮、氨氮、总溶解性磷的去除率分别达到46.2%,37.8%,98.4%和79.3%;在对天然湖泊水的处理中,绿球藻对总溶解性磷的去除率在第5天为79.2%.

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从基质生物膜量、生物膜厚度和脱氢酶活性等方面研究了以复合垂直流人工湿地中基质颗粒作为附着生长载体的生物膜的特性。结果表明,复合垂直流人工湿地中,基质生物膜的形成时间为40~60 d。进水水质不同,基质生物膜的形成时间有差异,进水中相对高的营养水平有利于基质生物膜的积累,60 d内形成的稳定生物膜量相差1.59倍;生物膜活性也较大,平均相差1.5倍。不同发育程度的生物膜表现出的活性不同,最佳活性厚度为150 um。人工湿地中不同层次基质生物膜厚度差异显著,最表层0~5 cm层次基质生物膜厚度2~3倍于10

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利用聚丙烯酰氨凝胶电泳技术 ,对采自武汉沙湖螅状独缩虫自然种群的酯酶 (EST)、苹果酸脱氢酶 (MDH)、乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)和酸性磷酸酶 (ACP)四种同工酶酶系进行了研究。实验表明 :EST同工酶酶系由六个基因座位(Est 1—Est 6 )控制 ,其中Est 1、Est 2、Est 3和Est 5为杂合基因座位 ,而Est 4和Est 6为纯合基因座位。螅状独缩虫物种中EST同工酶四级结构既有单体也有二聚体 ;MDH同工酶酶系由五个基因座位 (Mdh 1—Mdh 5 )控制 ,其中Mdh 2和M

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本文对不同体重的黄鳝摄食蚯蚓、蝌蚪、蛴螬的饵料系数、特定生长率、能量转化效率和最大摄食量等作了初步研究。结果表明 :在限食试验中 ,黄鳝摄食蚯蚓、蝌蚪、蛴螬的饵料系数分别为 3.2 83.89、7.0 99.0 7、3.393.4 2 ;特定生长率分别为 0 .33% 1.0 9%、1.0 9% 1.2 0 %、0 .6 5 % 0 .70 % ;能量转化效率分别为2 4 .9% 2 9.5 %、33.2 % 34.1%、2 8.8% 2 9.1%。饵料系数、特定生长率的大小主要决定于饵料性质 ,与体重(

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应用分形几何理论对保安湖部分水生植物叶的分形特征进行研究 ,以寻找其中的自相似性特征 ,计算其分形维数 ,并力图了解各个分维的生态学含义。计算得到各物种分维平均值 ,马来眼子菜为 1 441(1 3 2 2 -1 52 0 ,sd =0 0 547) ,菹草为 1 472 (1 3 81-1 565,sd =0 0 489) ,大茨藻为 1 3 2 5(1 2 0 9-1 40 6,sd =0 0 470 ) ,轮叶黑藻为 1 10 3(1 0 0 1-1 2 17,sd =0 0 456)。按分维值排序

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2 0 0 1年 5月至 2 0 0 2年 4月 ,选择使用岸上定点观察、流动观察和水上流动观察 3种观察方式 ,对长江天鹅洲故道内约 2 0头江豚的集群状况进行了一个周年的监测 ,共观察到江豚集群 5 88次。结果表明 :天鹅洲故道内江豚以集群的方式迁移和活动 ,集群规模从 2— 2 0头不等 ,一般分成 2个 9— 11头规模的亚群体 ,2个亚群体活动范围相对独立 ,其活动主要为D区和H区。每个亚群体又常分成规模较小的核心群体 ,其中 3头集群最多。一年中春、秋和冬季江豚集群状况基本相同 ,而夏季有所