Report on Urban Settlement Upgrading in Iraq: Kurani Ainkawa, Erbil: Moving Forward, Lessons Learned

In 2009 UN-HABITAT engaged in assisting the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) with the design and implementation of a ‘Improving the Housing Delivery System Project in Erbil’. This initiative built upon Iraq’s National Slum Upgrading Strategy (2005) and upon Phase II of UN-HABITAT’s 'Strengthening the Capacity of the Housing Sector in Iraq' project. Key to its initiative within the KRG has been a pilot project to upgrade an informal settlement in Erbil - Kurani Ainkawa. This report reflects on the pilot project’s achievements and lessons learned from pioneering a decentralized housing strategy.

Crime, justice and the legitimacy of military power in the international sphere

This article examines how a discourse of crime and justice is beginning to play a significant role in justifying international military operations. It suggests that although the coupling of war with crime and justice is not a new phenomenon, its present manifestations invite careful consideration of the connection between crime and political theory. It starts by reviewing the notion of sovereignty to look then at the history of the criminalisation of war and the emergence of new norms to constrain sovereign states. In this context, it examines the three ways in which military force has recently been authorised: in Iraq, in Libya and through drones in Yemen, Pakistan and Somalia. It argues the contemporary coupling of military technology with notions of crime and justice allows the reiteration of the perpetration of crimes by the powerful and the representation of violence as pertaining to specific dangerous populations in the space of the international. It further suggests that this authorises new architectures of authority, fundamentally based on military power as a source of social power.

Conference proceedings: Gardening Time: Reflections on Memory, Monuments and History in Sardinia and Scotland.

S. Stoddart and Malone, C. (eds) In Prep. 2013-4 Oxford, Oxbow Books. 25+ themed papers

Screening-detected non-symptomatic breast cancer: a case history

Alice is a 65 year-old woman who was recalled for further investigations following a routine screening mammogram, which showed a 25 mm mass in her left breast. This case history will report on the further investigations and surgery required to manage this infiltrating ductal carcinoma. The histopathology report will be analysed to provide a rationale for future treatment with radiotherapy, and Alice's expected prognosis will be presented using the Nottingham Prognostic Index. Alice's psychological support needs will identified and the appropriate interventions will be discussed with a particular focus on Alice's history of depression. The supportive and educational role of the breast care nurse and the multidisciplinary team will be highlighted throughout the study.

Film, history and education website

This website, which forms part of a wider AHRC-funded project, provides a range of historical resources including interpretative essays, archival sources, recorded debates and further information to support the The enigma of Frank Ryan documentary (Desmond Bell, 2012). The website is designed to encourage film viewers to make their own assessments of the wider historical issues with which the films engage.

Interleukin 3 and schizophrenia:the impact of sex and family history

Chromosome 5q21-33 has been implicated in harboring risk genes for schizophrenia. In this paper, we report evidence that multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms in and around interleukin 3 (IL3) are associated with the disease in the Irish Study of High-Density Schizophrenia Families (ISHDSF), the Irish Case-Control Study of Schizophrenia (ICCSS) and the Irish Trio Study of Schizophrenia (ITRIO). The associations are sex-specific and depend on the family history (FH) of schizophrenia. In all three samples, rs31400 shows female-specific and FH-dependent associations (P=0.0062, 0.0647 and 0.0284 for the ISHDSF, ICCSS and ITRIO, respectively). Several markers have similar associations in one or two of the three samples. In haplotype analyses, identical risk and protective haplotypes are identified in the ISHDSF and ITRIO samples in several multimarker combinations. For ICCSS, the same haplotypes are implicated; however, the risk haplotypes observed in the family samples become protective. Several significant markers, rs440970, rs31400 and rs2069803, are located in and around known estrogen response elements, promoter and enhancer of the IL3 gene. They may explain the sex-specific associations and be functional for the expression of IL3 gene.