Calorimetric study and thermal analysis of berberine sulphate

The heat capacities of berberine sulphate [(C20H18NO4)(2)SO4.3H(2)O] were measured from 80 to 390 K by means of an automated adiabatic calorimeter. Smoothed heat capacities,{H-T-H-298.15} and {S-T-S-298.15} were calculated. The loss of crystalline water started at about 339.3+/-0.2 K, and its peak temperature was 365.8+/-0.6 K. The peak temperature of decomposition for berberine sulphate was at about 391.4+/-0.4 K by DSC curve. TG-DTG analysis of this material was carried out in temperature range from 310 to 970 K. TG and DSC curves show that there is no melting in the whole heating process.

光合细菌N9281在家禽饲养与池塘养鱼中的应用

光合细菌Ｎ９２８１在家禽饲养与池塘养鱼中的应用＊中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所薛德林胡江春王书锦黑龙江省八五○农场刘军黑龙江省八五七农场谭国相１前言光合细菌（ＰｈｏｔｏｓｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃＢａｃｔｅｒｉａ简称ＰＳＢ）是一类古老的水生、水圈微生物，由于其能...

黄土丘陵区林草景观界面土壤养分分布特征和空间变异性研究

通过对泾河流域林草景观界面的土壤养分测定,分析比较界面中养分的分布特征及空间变异性。结果表明:该流域内的土壤养分分布不平衡,除钾素含量(22.977～25.183 g.k-g1)富足外,其他养分含量都很低;林地内养分含量高于草地(有机质含量高16.310%;水解氮含量高19.570%),在界面上养分变化较大,林内和草地内养分变化较小;界面上养分时空差异不明显,而层次之间差异显著。无论是林地还是草地,土壤各养分的变化是确定性变异和随机性变异共同作用的结果,且确定性的变化规律往往控制一定范围内土壤养分的变化和分布。

矿石中金的在线固相萃取及缝管火焰原子吸收测定

介绍了将流动注射在线固相萃取预浓集与石英缝管火焰原子吸收相结合测定矿石中金的方法。用ＸＡＤ８吸附树脂填充的微型柱（１００μｌ）在６ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ的流速下，从０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ介质的试样溶液中浓集金氯络合物，再用乙醇洗脱，最后由火焰原子吸收检测。在采样频率为１０３样／ｈ的流速下灵敏度提高４７倍，分析精度（ＲＳＤ）为１．３％（０．１μｇ／ｍｌＡｕ，ｎ＝１１），检出限为１．０μｇ／Ｌ（３σ）；在６５样／ｈ的采样频率下灵敏度提高９５倍，检出限可达０．６μｇ／Ｌ，对于矿石的检出限为０．０１５ｇ／ｔ，矿样消化液中加金的回收率为９１％～１０６％。

纳米TiO_2催化下表层土壤中BaP的紫外光降解

采用光解试验,研究了紫外照射与纳米TiO2联合作用下,土壤表层中苯并[a]芘(BaP)的降解动力学;同时考察了催化剂的浓度、土壤pH、腐植酸和光质对BaP的光催化降解的影响。结果表明,土壤中BaP的光催化降解表现为准一级动力学。催化剂TiO2可以明显地促进土壤中BaP的光降解,较少量的催化剂(0.5%)使光解的半衰期从363.22h减少到103.26h。H+和OH-离子对BaP的催化光解起促进作用,在酸性和碱性土壤中BaP光催化降解高于中性土壤,酸性土壤中的降解速率最快。腐殖质吸收紫外光照射时,产生的活性氧中间产物能够攻击BaP,添加腐植酸能增加土壤表层中BaP的光催化降解。BaP的光解半衰期从无外加腐植酸的89.34h,减少到添加浓度分别为5、10、20和40mg·kg-1的29.37、32.69、35.73和38.51h。BaP的催化降解随波长的增加而降低,在波长254、310和365nm下,BaP降解的一级动力学常数分别为0.0078h-1、0.0061h-1和0.005h-1。

南亚热带森林群落演替过程中林下土壤的呼吸特征

采用CI-310便携式光合作用系统及其附件,测定了广东省黑石顶自然保护区南亚热带森林演替系列中的马尾松林和松阔混交林林下土壤的呼吸速率。测定结果显示:在自然条件下,马尾松林土壤呼吸速率在1.650~4.0μmolCO2m-2s-1,松阔混交林土壤呼吸速率在1.70~3.950μmolCO2m-2s-1之间。林下土壤呼吸速率与温度和土壤空气相对湿度可用拟合,据此并结合当地气象资料推算出马尾松林和松阔混交林的年均土壤呼吸量分别为31.027、36.629 tCO2hm-2,后者高于前者。

湿地养分截留功能的空间模拟II.模型的完善和应用

对以实验数据为基础建立的初步空间模型进行了验证 ,并用 Maunder和 Mauring的线性回归模型对苇田子模型进行了修正。模拟结果显示 ,辽河三角洲 8万 hm2 苇田每年灌期大约可以去除 32 0 0～ 4 0 0 0 t总氮和 80 t的活性磷 ,但这仅相当于其潜力的 1 /1 0。因此 ,运用河口湿地作为富含营养物质河水入海前的最后过滤屏障 ,对于防止近海水体的富营养化具有重要意义。

水土保持林土壤抗蚀性能评价研究

运用土壤有机质含量、水稳性团聚体含量、水稳性团粒平均重量直径、团聚度和分散系数等各项指标 ,对不同树种组成、不同林龄水土保持林的土壤抗蚀性能进行分析、评价 .结果表明 ,水土保持林对于提高土壤抗蚀性能具有重要作用 ,这种作用主要针对表层土壤而言 ;与油松纯林相比 ,油松阔叶树混交林土壤有机质含量较高 ,水稳性团聚体含量增加了 1.71%～ 3 8.5 3 % ;且随着林龄的增长 ,水土保持林土壤抗蚀性能不断增强 .

用原生质体融合技术选育2－酮基－L－古龙酸高产菌株的研究

对革兰氏阳性的地衣芽孢杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓｌｉｃｈｅｎｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ）Ｈ１９和革兰氏阴性的２－酮基－Ｌ－古龙酸产生菌Ｓ１９的原生质体的制备条件进行了研究，并采用聚乙二醇作诱导剂进行了两菌株的原生质体融合，用链霉素作为抗性标记对融合子进行了选择。从１７株产生２－酮基－Ｌ－古龙酸的融合子中选出了一株连续传代八次产酸高且产量稳定的融合子１５号。融合子１５号具有两个亲本菌株所具有的一些特性。

物候学研究进展及中国现代物候学面临的挑战

文章回顾了中国现代物候学的创立和发展历程,综述了现代物候学的最新研究进展。现代物候学在全球变化研究中发挥了巨大作用;物候学是全球生态学和陆地生态系统碳循环研究的新线索;现代物候研究中,新技术发挥了巨大作用,自动监测技术的引入使物候观测数据的获取方式取得较大进展;此外,传统物候观测继续受到重视,但研究对象更精致、细微,逐渐向微观方向发展。与国际物候学的迅猛发展相比,我国的物候研究遇到空前挑战。因此,中国的物候学研究者任重道远,许多基础性工作有待于深入开展。

Novel thin-film composite membranes with improved water flux from sulfonated cardo poly(arylene ether sulfone) bearing pendant amino groups

A new class of polymeric amine, namely, sulfonated cardo poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SPES-NH2) was synthesized and used for the preparation of thin-film composite membrane. The TFC membranes were prepared on a polysulfone supporting film through interfacial polymerization with trimesoyl chloride (TMC) solutions and amine solutions containing SPES-NH2 and m-phenylenediamine (MPDA). The resultant membranes were characterized with water permeation performance, chemical structure, hydrophilicity of active layer and membrane morphology including top surface and cross-section.

Electrochemical and electrochemiluminescence study of Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)-doped silica nanoparticles with covalently grafted biomacromolecules

Spherical Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)-doped silica (RuSi) nanoparticles were prepared via a water-in-oil microemulsion approach. The electrochemical and electrochemiluminescent properties of the RuSi nanoparticles immobilized on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode were investigated. Further, electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of the RuSi nanoparticles with covalently coated biomacromolecules was studied. By covalent cross-linking with glutaraldehyde, gamma-(aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES)-pretreated RuSi nanoparticles were coupled with different concentrations of bovine serum albumin (BSA), hemoglobin, and myoglobin, respectively.

Nucleation and growth of CUSO4 center dot 5H(2)O crystals on the liquid state stearic acid Langmuir-Blodgett film

Oriented crystallization of CUSO4 center dot 5H(2)O on a Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film of stearic acid has been studied in the temperature ranges of 73-68 degrees C and 53-20 degrees C, respectively. This is the first time that the LB film at temperature above its melting point has been served as a template to induce nucleation and growth of crystals. The experimental results demonstrated that the LB film in the liquid state has the ability of directing the nucleation and growth of crystals. Moreover, X-ray diffraction patterns of the as prepared crystals revealed that the orientation of the attached crystals on the LB film is affected by temperature greatly.