Opera

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Sumario de las muchas, y grandes indulgencias, concedidas por los sumos pontífices a la cofradia de la Cinta de N. P. S. Agustín con la invocación de Nuestra Señora la Virgen María de la Consolación y ahora nuevamente declaradas por N. Smo. P. Clemente X en su breve.

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Máximas sobre recursos de fuerza y protección, con el método de introducirlos en los tribunales

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Arnoldi Vinnii I. C. , in quatuor libros institutionum imperialium commentarius academicus et forensis

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Eusebio : sacada de las memorias que dexó el mismo

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La Prusia militar o sea : de la organización completa de los ejércitos de la Confederación del Norte, tiempo de paz y de guerra, deberes generales...

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Biografia del Señor D. Joaquín Velásquez de León

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Hymnus angelicus sive doctoris angelici sumae theologiae rytmica synopsis quaestiones 612 articulos 3120 complectens

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A fibre optic evanescent wave sensor for monitoring the rate of pulsed laser deposition of metal thin films

A novel sensing technique for the in situ monitoring of the rate of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of metal thin films has been developed. This optical fibre based sensor works on the principle of the evanescent wave penetration of waveguide modes into the uncladded portion of a multimode fibre. The utility of this optical fibre sensor is demonstrated in the case of PLD of silver thin films obtained by a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser which is used to irradiate a silver target at the required conditions for the preparation of thin films. This paper describes the performance and characteristics of the sensor and shows how the device can be used as an effective tool for the monitoring of the deposition rate of silver thin films. The fibre optic sensor is very simple, inexpensive and highly sensitive compared with existing techniques for thin film deposition rate measurements.

Laser-induced thermal characterization of nano Ag metal dispersed ceramic alumina matrix

In this paper, we report the measurements of thermal diffusivity of nano Ag metal dispersed ceramic alumina matrix sintered at different temperatures using laser induced non-destructive photoacoustic technique. Measurements of thermal diffusivity also have been carried out on specimens with various concentration of nano metal. Analysis of the data is done on the basis of one-dimensional model of Rosencwaig and Gersho. The present measurements on the thermal diffusivity of nano metal dispersed ceramic alumina shows that porosity has a great influence on the heat transport and the thermal diffusivity value. The present analysis also shows that the inclusion of nano metal into ceramic matrix increases its interconnectivity and hence the thermal diffusivity value. The present study on the samples sintered at different temperature shows that the porosity of the ceramics varies considerably with the change in sintering temperature. The results are interpreted in terms of phonon assisted heat transfer mechanism and the exclusion of pores with the increase in sintering temperature

The role of Ken&Barbie in JAK/STAT signalling during development of Drosophila melanogaster

Cell-cell interactions during embryonic development are crucial in the co-ordination of growth, differentiation and maintenance of many different cell types. To achieve this co-ordination each cell must properly translate signals received from neighbouring cells, into spatially and temporally appropriate developmental responses. A surprisingly limited number of signal pathways are responsible for the differentiation of enormous variety of cell types. As a result, pathways are frequently 'reused' during development. Thus, in mammals the JAK/STAT pathway is required during early embryogenesis, mammary gland formation, hematopoiesis and, finally, plays a pivotal role in immune response. In the canonical way, the JAK/STAT pathway is represented by a transmembrane receptor associated with a Janus kinase (JAK), which upon stimulation by an extra-cellular ligand, phosphorylates itself, the receptor and, finally, the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) molecules. Phosphorylated STATs dimerise and translocate to the nucleus where they activate transcription of target genes. The JAK/STAT pathway has been conserved throughout evolution, and all known components are present in the genome of Drosophila melanogaster. Besides hematopoietic and immunity functions, the pathway is also required during development for processes including embryonic segmentation, tracheal morphogenesis, posterior spiracle formation etc. This study describes Drosophila Ken&Barbie (Ken) as a selective regulator of JAK/STAT signalling. ken mutations identified in a screen for modulators of an eye overgrowth phenotype, caused by over-expression of the pathway ligand unpaired, also interact genetically with the pathway receptor domeless (dome) and the transcription factor stat92E. Over-expression of Ken can phenocopy developmental defects known to be caused by the loss of JAK/STAT signalling. These genetic interactions suggest that Ken may function as a negative regulator of the pathway. Ken has C-terminal Zn-finger domain, presumably for DNA binding, and N-terminal BTB/POZ domain, often found in transcriptional repressors. Using EGFP-fused construct expressed in vivo revealed nuclear accumulation of Ken. Therefore, it is proposed that Ken may act as a suppresser of STAT92E target genes. An in vitro assay, termed SELEX, determined that Ken specifically binds to a DNA sequence, with the essential for DNA recognition core overlapping that of STAT92E. This interesting observation suggests that not all STAT92E sites may also allow Ken binding. Strikingly, when effects of ectopic Ken on the expression of putative JAK/STAT pathway target genes were examined, only a subset of the genes tested, namely vvl, trh and kni, were down-regulated by Ken, whereas some others, such as eve and fj, appeared to be unresponsive. Further analysis of vvl, one of the genes susceptible to ectopic Ken, was undertaken. In the developing hindgut, expression of vvl is JAK/STAT pathway dependent, but remains repressed in the posterior spiracles, despite the stimulation of STAT92E by Upd in their primordia. Importantly, ken is also expressed in the developing posterior spiracles. Strikingly, up-regulation of vvl is observed in these tissues in ken mutant embryos. These imply that while ectopic Ken is sufficient to repress the expression of vvl in the hindgut, endogenous Ken is also necessary to prevent its activation in the posterior spiracles. It is therefore conceivable that ectopic vvl expression in the posterior spiracles of the ken mutants may be the result of de-repression of endogenous STAT92E activity. Another consequence of these observations is a fine balance that must exist between STAT92E and Ken activities. Apparently, endogenous level of Ken is sufficient to repress vvl, but not other, as yet unidentified, JAK/STAT pathway targets, whose presumable activation by STAT92E is required for posterior spiracle development as the embryos mutant for dome, the receptor of the pathway, show severe spiracle defects. These defects are also observed in the embryos mis-expressing Ken. Though it is possible that the posterior spiracle phenotype caused by higher levels of Ken results from a JAK/STAT pathway independent activity, it seems to be more likely that Ken acts in a dosage dependent manner, and extra Ken is able to further antagonise JAK/STAT pathway target genes. While STAT92E binding sites required for target gene expression have been poorly characterised, the existence of genome data allows the prediction of candidate STAT92E sites present in target genes promoters to be attempted. When a 6kb region containing the putative regulatory domains flanking the vvl locus are examined, only a single potential STAT92E binding site located 825bp upstream of the translational start can be detected. Strikingly, this site also includes a perfect Ken binding sequence. Such an in silico observation, though consistent with both Ken DNA binding assay in vitro and regulation of STAT92E target genes in vivo, however, requires further analysis. The JAK/STAT pathway is implicated in a variety of processes during embryonic and larval development as well as in imago. In each case, stimulation of the same transcription factor results in different developmental outcomes. While many potential mechanisms have been proposed and demonstrated to explain such pleiotropy, the present study indicates that Ken may represent another mechanism, with which signal transduction pathways are controlled. Ken selectively down-regulates a subset of potential target genes and so modifies the transcriptional profile generated by activated STAT92E - a mechanism, which may be partially responsible for differences in the morphogenetic processes elicited by JAK/STAT signalling during development.

Die Menagerie des Landgrafen Karl

Im Zentrum der Dissertation steht die höfische Tierhaltung in der ehemaligen Residenzstadt Kassel. Die Auswertung der Archivquellen stellt ein kontinuierliches Bild des Aufkommens exotischer Tiere vom 15. bis ins 18. Jahrhundert dar. Der Fokus richtet sich auf die barocke Menagerie des Landgrafen Karl von Hessen-Kassel (ca. 1680 - 1730), die mit ihrem systematisch aufgebauten und umfangreichen Tierbestand die Einrichtungen seiner Vorgänger weit übertraf. Die Sammlung lebender Raritäten aus allen Regionen der Welt diente der absolutistischen Selbstdarstellung und der Visualisierung des Herrschaftsstatus. Die Untersuchung der zeitgenössischen Reiseberichte zeigt, dass die Menagerietiere vom Betrachter ebenso als kuriose und/oder rare Sehenswürdigkeiten empfunden wurden wie die musealen Ausstellungsstücke einer Kunstkammer. Da sie als lebende Schauobjekte Staunen auslösten, müssen sie mit der „frühneuzeitlichen Neugierde“ (curiositas) in Verbindung gebracht werden und bildeten einen wesentlichen Bestandteil des imaginären Welttheaters „Macrocosmos in Microcosmo“. Gerade hier kann die Dissertation eine enge Verbindung zwischen Menagerie und Kunstkammer belegen, die in der Forschungsliteratur bisher kaum thematisiert wurde. Die Tiersammlung bildete einen räumlich separierten Teil der Sammlungen des kunstsinnigen und naturwissenschaftlich interessierten Fürsten, die ansonsten im Kunsthaus untergebracht waren. Der Menagerie kam die gleiche reichspolitisch repräsentative Bedeutung zu, welche auch die begehbare Sammlung inne hatte. Die von 1764 bis 1785 bestehende Menagerie seines Enkelsohnes, Friedrich II., folgte dagegen anderen Zielsetzungen. Sie ist in Zusammenhang mit pädagogischen und kulturellen Bemühungen seiner Regierung im Sinne des aufgeklärten Absolutismus zu sehen. Ein weiterer Teil der Untersuchung widmet sich dem Kasseler „Tierstück“ von Johann Melchior Roos („Die Menagerie des Landgrafen Carl“, 1722-1728, mhk). Die kunsthistorische Analyse ordnet das Gemälde in die Tradition der niederländischen Sammelbilder des 17. Jahrhunderts ein. Der Maler bedient sich traditioneller Paradiesdarstellungen, welche die Utopie von der friedlichen Koexistenz aller Lebewesen zum Thema haben. Ebenso steht das Kasseler „Tierstück“ als Sammelbild wertvoller gemalter Raritäten den naturhistorisch-enzyklopädischen Stillleben nahe, die bevorzugt Muscheln und Blumenbuketts zeigen. Die Präsentation des Gemäldes als Bestandteil der enzyklopädisch gedachten Naturaliensammlung im „Kunsthaus“ (Ottoneum) ordnet es von Beginn an der begehbaren höfischen Welt zu. Dabei wird die zeitgenössische Wahrnehmung des „Tierstücks“ als kurioses Kunstwerk herausgearbeitet, dem im Ensemble von Naturalia und Artificialia ein universalistisches Bildprogramm zukam. Die Authentizität der im Gemälde dargestellten Tiersammlung lässt sich nicht bestätigen. Der Maler hat mit seiner fiktiven Bildkompilation einen idealen Zustand erzeugt. Als typisches Sammlungsbild ist es eher als Metonymie der Sammlung wahrzunehmen, das seinen Verweiszusammenhang innerhalb der als Mikrokosmos organisierten Sammlung entfalten konnte.

El proceso de evaluaci??n de los aprendizajes en la LOGSE

Este curso forma parte de un programa de Formaci??n del profesorado conveniado entre el sindicato ANPE y el MEC