Fadiga de grampos de retenção em prótese parcial removível. Efeito de ligas, espessuras e técnicas de fusão. Parte I.

The authors looked for the verification of the fatigue of retentive clasps utilized on the removable partial denture. According to this, it was idealized and built on assay machine, that through movements, simulate the insertion and removal of the clasp for a pattern tooth, manufactured on cobalt-chromium which has all the preparation normally utilized to the correct confection of this type of prosthesis. It was utilized three different commercial alloys based on cobalt-chromium: L1-Biosil; L2-Steldent; L3-Duracron. It was utilized the T clasp of Roach, with was tested upon three different proportions among width and thickness: E1-1.7;E2-2.0 and E3-2.3 and was casted through two casting techniques: F1-oxygen-gas and F2-oxygen-acetylene. The clasps were tested on the machine, which allowed the reading of the number of insertion and removal cycles made until fatigue appeared. The obtained results were submitted to the statistic analysis and the authors concluded that: a) L3 (Duracrom) obtained the best results followed by L1 (Biosil) and finally L3 (Steldent); b) among the analyzed thickness, the best results were obtained by E3, followed by E2 and after this E1; c) form the casting techniques, F2 gave us the best results.

Translocation (4;14) and concomitant inv(14) in a basal cell carcinoma

Chromosome analysis of short-term cultures from a basal cell carcinoma was performed. The analyzed karyotypes showed a pseudodiploid clone characterized by a der(4)t(4;14)(p14;p11) and a concomitant inversion of the same chromosome 4 involved in the t(4;14) with the breakpoints at p14 and q25.

REFLUXO GASTROESOFAGICO E SINTOMAS OTORRINOLARINGOLOGICOS

Gastroesophageal reflux and other gastroesophageal diseases produce symptoms in head and neck region leading individuals to search for ear nose and throat consultation. Otolaryngologist may incorporate investigation of reflux in your daily practice. Comments of gastroesophageal reflux and head and neck complaints are done. To illustrate handling of patients suspected of reflux authors relates a case of a dysphagia patient. Close relationship between otolaryngologist and gastroenterologist in reflux investigation is emphasized.

Rinolitiase: Atualizacao e relato de caso

Rhinoliths are rares and, in general, develop in response to foreign body lodged in the nose. This study briefly comments the clinics features of one case of rhinolithiasis that occurred during two years period. The etiology of rinoliths, differencial diagnosis and a review of the literature are also included. The authors concluded that the presence of calcified stones must be considered in cases of sinusitis or rhinitis not responding to medical therapy.

Avaliacao das condicoes de saude bucal dos idosos em um municipio brasileiro

This study assessed the oral health of individuals 60 years or older in the city of Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil, in 1998. Of the 194 people who participated in the study, 91 of them were institutionalized and had an average age of 73.6 years, and 103 were not institutionalized and had an average age of 69.3 years. The study participants were examined by a previously trained oral surgeon who determined the prevalence of the most common oral health problems. The results revealed a large number of edentulous individuals (72% of those institutionalized and 60% of the noninstitutionalized participants) and many persons with extracted teeth (93% and 90%, respectively), as well as a high frequency of periodontal pockets (57% and 75%, respectively) and of inadequate dentures (80% and 61%, respectively). Our results show reduced quality of life for a large proportion of these older individuals, and also indicate that public health services should pay greater attention to this population group.

Method for marginal measurements of restorations: accessory device for toolmakers microscope.

Standardization of measurements for marginal fit of castings is critical. This study describes the fabrication of a device that allowed fixation of specimens on a Toolmakers microscope with identical conditions according to tri-dimensional positioning of specimens, measuring location, and seating force. The device also allows mapping of the marginal discrepancies on the entire marginal perimeter of the tooth preparation.

Aesthetic posts and cores for metal-free restoration of endodontically treated teeth.

Utilization of contemporary post and core systems has facilitated the aesthetic restoration of endodontically treated teeth. Light transmission and biocompatibility have been enhanced by the introduction of metal-free post systems. The periodontal and endodontic status, root length, and histological structure of the devitalized teeth must be considered in order to achieve successful restoration following endodontic treatment. This article presents various restorative criteria for the aesthetic placement and buildup of post and core materials, as well as the preservation of maximum coronal and root structure.

Effect of Surface Treatments on the Bond Strength between Composite Resin and Acrylic Resin Denture Teeth

Purpose: This investigation studied the effects of 3 surface treatments on the shear bond strength of a light-activated composite resin bonded to acrylic resin denture teeth. Materials and Methods: The occlusal surfaces of 30 acrylic resin denture teeth were ground flat with up to 400-grit silicon carbide paper. Three different surface treatments were evaluated: (1) the flat ground surfaces were primed with methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer for 180 seconds; (2) light-cured adhesive resin was applied and light polymerized according to the manufacturer's instructions; and (3) treatment 1 followed by treatment 2. The composite resin was packed on the prepared surfaces using a split mold. The interface between tooth and composite was loaded at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min until failure. Results: Analysis of variance indicated significant differences between the surface treatments. Results of mean comparisons using Tukey's test showed that significantly higher shear bond strengths were developed by bonding composite resin to the surfaces that were previously treated with MMA and then with the bonding agent when compared to the other treatments. Conclusion: Combined surface treatment of MMA monomer followed by application of light-cured adhesive resin provided the highest shear bond strength between composite resin and acrylic resin denture teeth.

Hydroxylapatite implants with or without collagen in the zygomatic arch of rats. Histological study.

The authors studied the behavior of calcium phosphate materials used as inlay implants into bone cavities prepared in the zygomatic arch of rats. Fifty male albino rats were divided into four groups as follows: group I-preparation of bone cavities which did not receive any implant material as controls; group II-implants of Interpore 200; group III-implants of experimental hydroxylapatite; group IV-implants of experimental hydroxylapatite combined with collagen. The animals were sacrificed after 5, 15, 30, 60 and 120 days and the specimens were submitted to histological analysis. Results showed that the experimental hydroxylapatite used in group III presented better osteogenic properties compared to the other materials. All tested materials were biocompatible, although group IV presented a more intense inflammatory response.

The influence of ultrasound on the retention of cast posts cemented with different agents

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ultrasound during the removal of posts cemented with either zinc phosphate cement, glass ionomer cement or resin cement. Methodology: Eighty-four single-rooted teeth were prepared and after cementation of cast posts, they were randomly divided into six groups of 14. Groups 1, 2 and 3 did not receive ultrasonic vibration, whilst groups 4, 5 and 6 received ultrasonic vibration for 10 min. The force necessary for post removal was determined using a universal testing machine. Results were statistically analysed using ANOVA and Tukey tests (5%). Results: The application of ultrasonic vibration reduced the retention provided by zinc phosphate and glass ionomer cements by 39% and 33%, respectively. Conclusions: A statistically significant reduction in the force necessary to remove posts cemented with zinc phosphate and glass ionomer cements occurred following application of ultrasound. The application of ultrasonic vibration did not influence the retention of cast posts cemented with resin cement.

Manifestações otorrinolaringológicas em crianças com AIDS

Introduction: The study of otolaryngologic manifestations in children HIV + can lead to early diagnosis of AIDS, allowing specific treatment, responsible by reduced morbidity and mortality. Objectives: Detect the otolaryngologic manifestations in children with AIDS and alert to the importance of the early diagnosis. Study design: Clinical prospective. Material and method: We evaluated 22 children with AIDS assisted at Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu (São Paulo, Brasil). The medical records were reviewed and the children were submitted to otolaryngologic and hearing acuity exams. Results: We evaluated 12 boys and 10 girls, whose ages ranged from 8 months to 12 years. In B and C clinical classification were included 18 children who were using anti-retroviral medicaments. Physical examination mainly indicated cervical lymphadenopathy (18 cases), paleness of the nasal mucous membrane with abundant mucous secretion over the nasal epithelium (15 cases) and retraction of tympanic membranes (seven cases). The main otolaryngologic diagnoses were: rhinosinusitis (16 cases), oral candidiasis (13 cases), inadequate eustachian tube function (seven cases) and recurrent tonsillar infections (six cases). Conductive hearing loss were detected in 4 children. No child presented sensorineural hearing loss. Conclusions: The main otolaryngologic manifestations presented by the children with HIV virus were rhinosinusitis, oral candidiasis, inadequate eustachian tube function and recurrent tonsillar infections. The allergic aspect of the nasal mucous membrane and the cervical lymphadenopathy were frequent signs and could alert the otolaryngologyst to AIDS during the exam.

A comparison of nasopharyngeal endoscopy and lateral cephalometric radiography in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal airway obstruction

Two auxiliary methods of diagnosing nasopharyngeal airway obstruction were compared. Cephalometric radiography and nasopharyngeal videoendoscopy were evaluated for efficacy in terms of reproducibility and validity. Thirty orthodontic patients (7 to 12 years of age) seeking otorhinolaryngologic treatment for mouth breathing, or mouth and nose breathing, had nasopharyngeal endoscopy and radiographic examinations performed on the same day. Two otorhinolaryngologists analyzed the results. Nasopharyngeal endoscopy was more reliable in identifying all the obstructive nasopharyngeal processes. Endoscopy obtained kappa index scores of almost perfect agreement for diagnosis of posterior nasal septum deviation, of substantial agreement for anterior nasal septum deviation and lower turbinate hypertrophy, and of moderate agreement for middle turbinate hypertrophy. Lateral cephalometric radiography obtained scores of perfect agreement for imaging hypertrophy of the middle turbinate, of almost perfect agreement for imaging hypertrophy of the posterior portion of the inferior turbinate, and of substantial agreement for imaging hypertrophy of the inferior turbinate. Radiographic diagnoses of hypertrophy of the middle and lower turbinates exhibited high sensitivity and low specificity when compared with diagnoses by nasopharyngeal endoscopy.

Histologic Evaluation of the Osteoinductive Property of Autogenous Demineralized Dentin Matrix on Surgical Bone Defects in Rabbit Skulls Using Human Amniotic Membrane for Guided Bone Regeneration

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the osteoinductive property of autogenous demineralized dentin matrix (ADDM) on experimental surgical bone defects in the parietal bone of rabbits using the guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique incorporating human amniotic membrane (HAM). Thirty-six rabbits were divided into 2 groups, HAM and ADDM+HAM. It was possible to conclude that HAM did not interfere with bone repair and was resorbed. Slices of ADDM induced direct bone formation and were incorporated by the newly formed bone tissue and remodeled. The bone defects healed faster in the ADDM+HAM group than in the group with HAM only.

Ocorrência e determinação do perfil de sensibilidade às drogas das cepas de Staphylococcus aureus isoladas de fossas nasais e orofaringe dos servidores hospitalares

Staphylococcus aureus is a very important hospital and community pathogen. This species is related to supurative disease, systemic and widespread metastatic lesions. The ability of S. aureus to develop resistance to antibiotics, more recently to methicillin, associates this bacteria with epidemic outbreaks of severe nosocomial infection. The source of staphylococcal infection is a patient with a staphylococcal lesion or a career member of the hospital staff. We aimed to detect the frequency of S. aureus isolated from anterior nares and oral cavities among the hospital staff in Bauru - SP, and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates. Within 213 of the staff members analyzed. S. aureus was found in 94 (44.13%) of careers, with 47 (50%) of nasal carriers, 23 (24.4%) of oral carriers and 24 (25.5%) of both carriers. The biochemical characteristics analyzed for the species identification were similar to S. aureus ATCC 29213. All strains identified as S. aureus showed varied sensibility to the antimicrobial agents tested. No vancomicin resistant strains and only 8 (8.5%) strains with oxacilin resistance were found.

Gelatinous polyethylene in the treatment of the anophthalmic cavity

PURPOSE: Gelatinous polyethylene (GP) has been used as an orbital implant to evaluate volume maintenance and tissue reaction in the anophthalmic socket in a rabbit model. METHODS: Twenty-eight Norfolk white rabbits underwent unilateral evisceration with placement of 2ml GP (GP group - 16 animals) or 2ml 0.9% sodium chloride solution (Control group - 12 animals). Animal behavior, postoperative tissue response and socket conditions were evaluated. The animals were sacrificed at 7, 15, 30 and 60 days after the surgery and the bulbs were enucleated; volume maintenance and histopathological evaluation were done in the enucleated bulbs. The results were submitted to statistical analysis. RESULTS: All animals showed normal behavior. The orbital volume maintenance was better in the GP group. Histopathology in the GP animals showed mild tissue inflammation throughout the evaluation period and a thin pseudocapsule formation surrounding the orbital implant material. CONCLUSION: The clinical findings, good orbital volume maintenance and mild inflammatory tissue response make GP a good choice to replace the lack of volume in anophthalmic socket reconstruction.