977 resultados para large delay


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Supporting presentation slides as part of the Janet network end to end performance initiative

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We conduct experiments to investigate the effects of different majority requirements on bargaining outcomes in small and large groups. In particular, we use a Baron-Ferejohn protocol and investigate the effects of decision rules on delay (number of bargaining rounds needed to reach agreement) and measures of "fairness" (inclusiveness of coalitions, equality of the distribution within a coalition). We find that larger groups and unanimity rule are associated with significantly larger decision making costs in the sense that first round proposals more often fail, leading to more costly delay. The higher rate of failure under unanimity rule and in large groups is a combination of three facts: (1) in these conditions, a larger number of individuals must agree, (2) an important fraction of individuals reject offers below the equal share, and (3) proposers demand more (relative to the equal share) in large groups.

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In the Hertz and JKR theories, parabolic assumptions for the rounded profiles of the sphere or cylinder are adopted under the condition that the contact radius (width) should be very small compared to the radius of the sphere or cylinder. However, a large contact radius (width) is often found in experiments even under a zero external loading. We aim at extending the plane strain JKR theory to the case with a large contact width. The relation between the external loading and the contact width is given. Solutions for the Hertz, JKR and rounded-profile cases are compared and analyzed. It is found that when the ratio of a/R is approximately larger than about 0.4, the parabolic assumptions in the Hertz and JKR theories are no longer valid and the exact rounded profile function should be used.