Estudo do método Monte Carlo e sua aplicação no modelo SIR

In this work we present a discussion and the results of the simulation of disease spread using the Monte Carlo method. The dissemination model is the SIR model and presents as main characteristic the disease evolution among individuals of the population subdivided into three groups: susceptible (S), infected (I) and recovered (R). The technique used is based on the introduction of transition probabilities S-> I and I->R to do the spread of the disease, they are governed by a Poisson distribution. The simulation of the spread of disease was based on the randomness introduced, taking into account two basic parameters of the model, the power of infection and average time of the disease. Considering appropriate values of these parameters, the results are presented graphically and analysis of these results gives information on a group of individuals react to the changes of these parameters and what are the chances of a disease becoming a pandemic

Sistema de cálculo para determinação do tempo de exposição em radioterapia veterinária

Radiotherapy in veterinary practice is already known and widely distributed in large specialized centers of developed countries. In early 2000, there were about 30 radiotherapy equipment specifically designed for the veterinary clinic in the United States. In Brazil, the veterinary radiotherapy is still confined to research in universities, where most of the procedures is radiation therapy performed with superficial x-ray machines, with a voltage between 50 and 150 kVp, focus-distance surface (DFS) between 20,0cm and 40,0cm. As that occurs in human medicine, new research strengthens the development and prospects for the use of radiotherapy as a safe option for treating cancer in animals. This paper presents a methodology for calculating the exposure time for superficial radiotherapy procedures in veterinary medicine for small animals (dogs and cats). The dosimetric parameters of X-rays are determined using a spreadsheet tool for Microsoft Office Excel, developed in this paper for a device Dermopan 2, Veterinary Hospital of UNESP in Araçatuba. Using the worksheet helps the veterinarian to determine the time of exposure to radiation determined for each clinical case, optimize the workflow for professionals in veterinary radiotherapy procedures, which often lack the medical physics in team and at the time of radiotherapy. The correct use of spreadsheet decreases the chances of errors in dose rates of radiation, providing a higher quality of care

Estudo anatômico e histoquímico de folhas de Ocimum gratissimum L

A Humanidade sempre recorreu às plantas, não apenas para se alimentar, mas para aliviar dores ou curar suas doenças, e aquelas que apresentam essas propriedades farmacológicas são conhecidas como plantas medicinais. Atualmente, considerando o desenvolvimento da ciência e da tecnologia, sabe-se que essas propriedades são resultados de substâncias conhecidas como metabólitos secundários. Porém, mesmo com todo avanço do conhecimento, pouco se estudou sobre essas plantas e seu uso pode se tornar perigoso sem a devida orientação, pois muitas plantas apresentam difícil identificação aumentando as chances de uma grave intoxicação. Diante da necessidade de aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre o assunto, escolheu-se executar um estudo anatômico e histoquímico de Ocimum gratissimum L. pelo aspecto medicinal-popular de seu uso e, sobretudo para incrementar informações farmacobotânicas a seu respeito, pois a maioria dos estudos encontrados na literatura discutem sobre o cultivo, colheita, composição química e propriedades farmacológicas e, poucos sobre a anatomia e histoquímica das folhas. Nesse estudo foi possível confirmar dados encontrados na literatura de forma a reforçar as referências para análises de autenticidade de folhas de O. gratissimum L., pois observou-se a presença de tricomas tectores pluricelulares não ramificados e uni seriados, tricomas secretores peltados e tricomas secretores pedunculados, e apresentam estômatos diacíticos. Também foi observado que as folhas podem fornecer diversos compostos que podem apresentar atividades biológicas importantes e que há indícios que os compostos lipofílicos localizados no interior dos tricomas secretores peltados e pedunculados apresentam características físico-químicas diferentes

Fragmento d'alma

Fragmento D' Alma is an artistic research that part of a poetic tale through an initial charge of dawn one fantastic universe where words have life and willingly. The work includes sculptural works in order to interpret through the use of allegory situations of the tale in the form of sculptural compositions considering one or more characters in the story. In the sculptural work, I tried figuring the relations tale as my interpretations and poetic, so I sought theoretical studies of allegory after noting my affinity with the theme to contribute to the relationship text and image set in my work. I also sought to understand the relationships that the text played with sculptural work, so the chances that I could address this through dialogue between text and image. The studies collected through surveys pointed allegory by João Adolfo Hansen, as well as in various artistic and visual references present in my repertoire, such as the Baroque sculpture of Bernini, the performances of Berna Reale and literature of Neil Gaiman, contributed in this research to the development of my creative process during the preparation of this research work of art, making the complexity of the relationship between textual production and poetic sculptural three-dimensional, also became a concern and an integral theme of my work and my reflections presented here. Therefore, I conclude based on my own experience in this work, the artistic research inspired allegory might contribute to the development of my creative process during the preparation of this artwork, besides assigning relations between textual production and poetic dimensional sculpture

Comportamento antecipatório baseado em registros sobre regularidades passadas

A antecipação constitui uma capacidade de extrema importância à evolução dos vertebrados, pois, ao permitir a geração de previsões e a orientação atencional para estímulos pendentes, possibilitou interpretações mais refinadas do meio, além de uma preparação para a ocorrência de estímulos críticos, aumentando as chances de sobrevivência daqueles que a possuem. O presente trabalho visou avaliar a habilidade de gerar comportamento antecipatório, por meio do teste de extrapolação a partir de padrões seriais de estímulos. Ratos da linhagem Wistar, machos, foram treinados a correr em uma pista reta, ao longo de 22 dias, para obter reforço ao final de cada uma de 4 tentativas sucessivas. Os sujeitos, organizados em dois grupos, foram expostos a uma sequência de quantidades de reforço envolvendo 14, 7, 3 e 1 sementes de girassol (Grupo Monotônico) ou 14, 3, 7 e 1 sementes de girassol (Grupo Não-Monotônico). No 23° dia do experimento uma quinta tentativa, nunca experienciada antes, portanto cuja quantidade de sementes não era conhecida, mas passível de extrapolação a partir do padrão serial, foi adicionada à sessão. Os resultados mostraram que os animais expostos ao padrão monotônico exibiram, na quinta tentativa, substancial aumento do tempo de corrida, como se esperassem uma quantidade de sementes menor do que a experimentada na tentativa anterior. Em contraste, os animais expostos ao padrão não-monotônico exibiram, na quinta tentativa, tempos de corrida relativamente baixos, indicando que esses animais geraram uma expectativa de obtenção de maior quantidade de sementes em relação à tentativa anterior. No conjunto, esses resultados indicam que ratos são capazes de extrapolar a partir de padrões seriais de estímulos, mostrando que esses animais são capazes de gerar previsões sobre condições ambientais que estão por vir, com base no registro de regularidades passadas mantidas na memória e na ...

A atuação das Relações Públicas no Marketing Político

This paper discusses the performance of pubic relations professional in the field of political marketing, using its tools and strategies in accordance with the established goals. The study presents a general approach to marketing, its origin, tools, strategies, starting for the main types of marketing. In the end, we discuss the relationship between political marketing and public relations. Public relations trace a new path and a new opportunity for performance across the political marketing, and the chances for working at election time, at an earlier stage and later, the politician should think about maintaining their image as well as a way to generates credibility in an upcoming campaign

Análise de risco em carteiras

The work consists of analyzing the risk management of investments by applying statistical concepts, economic and mathematical models considering the assets on the market on renowned financial institution. The assessment of these risks becomes increasingly interesting in view of minimizing your losses thus maximizing your chances of gains in both markets boom as extreme uncertainty, even with the sudden changes of scenery. Introducing concepts of investment funds, as well as the classification of the types of funds as funds management and equity, its guidelines, the concept of market investment funds. The types of assets comprising the investment funds, their taxation rules beyond the incidents that market widely used by investors and skilled people, both physical and legal, who keep their resources in this modality. With the historical data collected yields of investment funds of the Bank of Brazil, is an accomplished inflation adjustment and calculated the mean and variance for the verification of the model of Markowitz efficient frontier, a method used as investment analysis. This scan is used Matlab to obtain the set (or border) efficient portfolios. Once verified such data, there will be a critique of the Markowitz model as a quadratic programming and more coherent risk measures currently studied as VaR and CVaR minimizing the expected error, approaching our studies of current research. It is found that such studies have much to be explored, since there are many discussions about how effectively measure risk investments such as its characteristic and behavior, using a time series and volatility

Fatores que podem influenciar o sexo da cria em bovinos

To assess the possibility of shifting the sex ratio at birth, since this can contribute to enhancing the genetic gain and producity in cattle, this work is aimed at raising the factors that may influence sex determination of creates. This study is based on research conducted in the area of reproduction and production of beef and dairy cattle, some quotes in humans, mouse, dogs and a study in pigs. This was due to back of data and studies in the bovine species. It was noted that stress during pregnancy, intake of vitamin C or others substances and the time of artificial insemination are the factors that may influence the determination of the type of product. Human studies, concluded that woman more stressed are more likely to produce female children of the quietest. Furthermore, sows that received ascorbic a ad orally for seven days and were inseminated during this period, produce more female then those who did not receive the vitamin. These studies may suggest that cows can also suffer influence of stress and food for the determination of sex of calf. There are also studies suggesting that cows inseminated at the earliest time of ovulation ted to produce more male calves than those inseminated a few hours before that time. Some scholars considers the hypothesis... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Principais aspectos cirúrgicos da urolitíase em cães

Urolithiasis occurs with relatively frequency among the diseases that affect the urinary tract of dogs. It`s fundamental that samples of the uroliths are sent for analysis, because, in agreement with the mineral composition of the urolith and also its location, the choice is made between the surgical treatment or the clinical dissolution. Cystotomy is the surgical technique more accomplished in the bladder of small animals, due to its simplicity, when in comparison with other procedures for removal of calculi. With the aid of lithotripsy and endoscopy, the surgical interventions in the urinary treatment tend to be less and less invasive, minimizing the risks of subsequent complications. Chances of recurrence of the urolithiasis are usually larger in patients submitted to the surgical intervention. Besides, the time elapsed among regressive episodes is larger after the clinical dissolution

Estudo da deposição de energia das radiofrequências através do método das diferenças finitas dependentes do tempo Monografia

Radiotherapy in veterinary practice is already known and widely distributed in large specialized centers of developed countries. In early 2000, there were about 30 radiotherapy equipment specifically designed for the veterinary clinic in the United States. In Brazil, the veterinary radiotherapy is still confined to research in universities, where most of the procedures is radiation therapy performed with superficial x-ray machines, with a voltage between 50 and 150 kVp, focus-distance surface (DFS) between 20,0cm and 40,0cm. As that occurs in human medicine, new research strengthens the development and prospects for the use of radiotherapy as a safe option for treating cancer in animals. This paper presents a methodology for calculating the exposure time for superficial radiotherapy procedures in veterinary medicine for small animals (dogs and cats). The dosimetric parameters of X-rays are determined using a spreadsheet tool for Microsoft Office Excel, developed in this paper for a device Dermopan 2, Veterinary Hospital of UNESP in Araçatuba. Using the worksheet helps the veterinarian to determine the time of exposure to radiation determined for each clinical case, optimize the workflow for professionals in veterinary radiotherapy procedures, which often lack the medical physics in team and at the time of radiotherapy. The correct use of spreadsheet decreases the chances of errors in dose rates of radiation, providing a higher quality of care

Áreas prioritárias para conservação e restauração da paisagem utilizando multi-caminhos e informações de avifauna

Habitat loss and fragmentation of landscapes endanger the planet’s biodiversity. Strategies for identify priority areas for conservation and restoration of biodiversity rich areas becomes essential for the planning of the management of these landscape become successful. This study aims to propose a novel, transparent and replicable method for choosing priority areas for restoration, and includes the following steps: (a) identification of regional biodiversity hotspots for conservation; (b) identification of priority areas for restoration with the greatest potential to increase the connectivity of the fragments already existing; (c) estimate the potential richness of understory birds before and after restoration, analyzing the gain of species for the future scenario. In order to identify the corridors to be restored in a future scenario we considered the approach of multiple corridors, which aimed to connect the main fragments within the region through analysis of multi-paths. Already existing regression models were applied to estimate the richness of the landscape considering three models: a) species richness as a function of patch area of the fragment selected as hotspots; b) richness as a function of areas connected by structural corridors and c) connected area for species which are able to access nearby fragments within 20m. The gain of species for future scenario which consider the potential restoration of selected areas was estimated. Based on our results we observed that species that use corridors showed the highest increment of species richness of understory birds. As a result it had to restore corridors to model species with the ability to use forest corridors was the highest gain potential species richness of understory birds. The methods proposed method in this study appears provide new ways to ensures a better cost / benefit relationship for restoration projects by increasing the chances of better reach high levels of...

Epidemiologia da infecção por Leptospira spp. em áreas rurais nos biomas brasileiros

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Educational and professional background and success in the labor market: the case of Portuguese immigrants in the Netherlands

The aim of this paper is to describe the relationship between educational and professional occupation trajectories of Portuguese immigrants in The Netherlands. To this end, the sample used comprises Portuguese immigrants that arrived in The Netherlands in two periods which represent the highest influx of immigrants: around the years 1966 and 2002. The analysis of the data shows a strong relationship between the level of professional education and the level of professional occupation. Furthermore, some exceptions to the generalizations found show that in service training may lead to an improvement of the possibilities to ascend regarding the level of professional occupation.

O citar no Twitter: o caso de Clarice Lispector

The phenomenon of the World Wide Web, the Internet, has revolutionized the way we live in a contemporary relevance. The relationships among people have changed since the media also changed: the cyberspace has been established as an important vehicle of communication in which different languages, cultures and peoples coexist. Within the virtual space there are several fica possibilities for communication, interaction, fun, knowledge etc. Everything happens extremely quickly. An interesting example of that are blogs that, to survive virtuality, require constant updating. It has become interesting to notice the factor of personal expressiveness taking a new shape in the context of network, before being seen in elements such as diaries, poetry, artistic production or debate. The chances and, thus, the need to find people to interact and to share interests has taken a gigantic proportion, and, in this way, sources of audiovisual and reading activities are always in vogue, being shared every second. Blogging can be about different subjects, but what is perceived on all blogs is the strong trace of written text is always presented. Twitter has established itself as a microblogging network for the expression of dynamism, information sharing and interaction. Thus, it was interesting to approach the manner language is expressed in these microblogs thinking about the way that literary discourse is constructed when is seen, on quotations, in the context of this social network: Twitter. Being able to attest the great increase on the occurrences of quotes from different literary genres, it was useful to pay attention to this fact. In Brazil, Twitter has thousands of users, fans and readers, that rewrite and quote authors. The number of quotations is so abundant that it has popularized several Brazilian writers, such as: Clarice Lispector and Caio Fernando Abreu; authors that are frequetenly quoted. So, we made usage of semiotic studies of the French line. In...

Qualidade microbiológica de peixes e frutos do mar comercializados em Botucatu, SP

O pescado e seus derivados têm uma grande importância na dieta, em todo o mundo. Sabe-se que peixes e frutos do mar fortalecem o sistema imunológico, contribuem para a redução dos níveis de colesterol, diminuem as chances de depressão, ajudam na formação dos músculos e protegem contra doenças cardiovasculares. Também, são ricos em vitaminas lipossolúveis A, D e E, além do ômega 3. Muitas vezes, esses produtos são consumidos crus ou com pouco preparo e com isso faz-se necessário medidas higiênico- sanitárias, pois podem ser contaminados com micro-organismos causadores de doenças. A análise microbiológica dos alimentos para se verificar a presença de micro-organismos prejudiciais é fundamental para se conhecer as condições de higiene nas quais estes alimentos foram preparados. Assim, 80 amostras de peixes e frutos do mar de peixarias e supermercados de Botucatu, SP, foram analisadas com o objetivo de verificar se esses alimentos estão dentro dos padrões estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira, através da RDC nº12, através da detecção da presença de Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus e determinação do número mais provável de coliformes termotolerantes (CT), mesmo que este último não faça parte dos parâmetros para esse alimento, mas foi pesquisado para avaliação de suas condições higiênicas. Cada amostra (25 gramas) foi homogeneizada em 225ml de água peptonada e para a detecção de S. aureus, utilizou-se método spread Baird Parker, seguida de catalase, coagulase e kit Dry Spot. Para a detecção de Salmonella, utilizou-se caldo tetrationato (35ºC/24h) e Rapapport (42ºC/24h), semeados em ágar SS e XLD. As colônias foram testadas em TSI, ágar fenilalanina e testadas em poli soros somático e flagelar. Quanto aos CT, empregou-se a técnica de tubos múltiplos, inoculando diluições da amostra em caldo Lauril sulfato, na fase presuntiva e depois em caldo EC (45ºC) na fase confirmatória. De ...