Français 1836

Contient : 1° La Diete du salut, par « PIERRE DE LUCEMBOURG » ; 2° « L'Examen de conscience », par « maistre JEHAN JARSON » ; 3° « La Science de bien mourir » [par JEAN GERSON] ; 4° « L'A, B, C des simples gens » [par JEAN GERSON]

Mélanges théologiques.

Contient : « Oraysons selon les sept paroles que nostre Sauveur dist pendent en la croix, » etc ; « Petit traicté comme la religieuse ce doibt maintenir et gouverner. O creature religieuse... » ; « Doctrine contre ceulx qui ont conscience trop estroicte et scrupuleuse, conposée par maistre Jehan GERSON, docteur » ; « Deploration St BERNART, abbé de Clervox, sur l'obit et trespas de son frere Girart » ; Mesure de la plaie du côté du Christ. — Extraits des SS. Pères

Recueil de pièces relatives aux rapports de la France et de la Bourgogne sous Charles VII et Louis XI.

Contient : 1 Instructions de CHARLES VII à Guillaume de Meny Peny, Guillaume de Vic et Jean de Saint Romain, ses ambassadeurs, de ce qu'ils ont à dire de sa part au duc de Bourgogne et à ceux de Gand, signées : « Charles ». Moulins, 11 décembre 1452. Orig ; 2 « Mynute de l'examen touchant la cedule que le feu duc Charles de Bourgogne bailla au roy pour aller à Peronne ». 28-30 mai 1478 ; 3 Minute d'un mémoire touchant le traité de Péronne ; 4 Remontrances et requêtes présentées à Charles VII par Guiot Pot et Nicolas le Bourguignon, de la part de Philippe le Bon, duc de Bourgogne, concernant « ceulx de la ville de Gand » ; avec les réponses du roi. Janvier 1452 n. st ; 5 Délibération du conseil du roi tenu à Villefranche en Berry, relative aux affaires de Bourgogne, les 26 et 28 juillet 1460 ; 6 « Poins qui ont esté acordez par le roy » Louis XI « à monseigneur de Contey, pour le fait de la reduction de la ville de Corbye ». Corbie, 11 mai 1475. Copie collationnée ; 7 Ordonnance de LOUIS XI, donnant amnistie générale des faits commis durant les guerres de Bourgogne. Selommes, 19 janvier 1477 n. st ; 8 « Reppliques aux objections de l'empereur » Frédéric III, « touchant l'armée de monseigneur le Daulphin et son alée en Autriche ». 1445 ; 9 « Raisons pour lesquelles les duché et conté de Bourgogne et les contez d'Auxerre et de Mascon ne pevent venir à madame d'Autriche ». 1477 ; 10 Notes relatives à ce qui revient au roi dans les États laissés par le duc de Bourgogne, Charles le Téméraire ; 11 « Advertissemens par manière d'abregé d'aucuns des poincts par lesquelx Charles, soy disant duc de Bourgogne, a notoyrement rompu et enfrainct les traictez, sermens et promesses qu'il avoit avecques le roy, et encouru les poynes sur ce apposées ». 1474 ? Minute ; 12 « Entreprinses que monseigneur de Charoloys et ses officiers ont faictes sur les droiz du roy et auctorité de sa coronne ». 1463 ; 13 « Abreigé des droitz que mademoiselle » Marie « de Bourgogne pretend ès terres de son père, dont il est question entre le roy » Louis XI « et elle ». 1477. Minute ; 14 « Memoire abregé pour monstrer que la duché de Bourgogne et la conté de Charoloys appartiennent au roy ». 1477. Minute ; 15 Mémoire « touchant les droiz que le roy sy a ès contés de Bourgogne et d'Artoys, en la duché de Bourgogne, et à Lisle, Douay et Orchys ». 1477. Minute ; 16 Court mémoire, en latin, sur la question de savoir si les héritiers d'un prince sont tenus d'observer les engagements de leur auteur. Après la mort de Charles le Téméraire. Minute ; 17 Court mémoire sur la question de savoir si le roi de France peut autoriser en conscience des tiers à attaquer le duc de Bourgogne. Minute ; 18 « Faiz, causes et raisons par lesquelx appert clerement que tractez faiz tant entre le roy Charles,... et le duc Phelippe de Bourgogne, lors vivant, ou moys d'octobre... mil CCCCXXXV, comme depuys, entre le roy, nostre souverain seigneur... et le feu duc Charles de Bourgogne », à Conflans en 1465 et à Péronne en 1468, « ont esté notoyrement et manifestement rompus et enfraincts par lesdits feuz ducs Phelippe et Charles ». Minute ; 19 Remontrances faites au roi Louis XI par les ambassadeurs du comte de Charolais ; 20 « Instrument des parolles dictes » par Me Jean Chuffart, doyen de l'Église de Paris, au nom de Charles VII, à Philippe, duc de Bourgogne, selon le contenu d'un article du traité d'Arras en 1435, relativement à l'assassinat de Jean-sans-Peur. En latin ; 21 « Abregé des lectres originalles qui ont esté exhibées aux commis et depputez de monseigneur d'Autriche ». 1477 ; 22 Mémoire dressé après la mort de Charles le Téméraire, concernant les droits de Louis XI sur les duché et comté de Bourgogne et les comtés de Mâcon et d'Auxerre, portant à la fin cette mention : « Intendit fait par feu Me Ge DE CUSINOT ». Deux minutes : l'une, moins incomplète que l'autre et remplissant les feuillets 105 à 115 et 122 à 166, l'autre très incomplète et remplissant les feuillets 116 à 121, dont le contenu correspond aux 11 premiers feuillets de la première ; 23 Sommation qui devait être faite de la part de Louis XI à Maximilien d'Autriche, touchant la rupture des trèves. 1478-1479 ; 24 Mémoire contenant les propositions que le roi Louis XI pourrait faire à Maximilien d'Autriche et à Marie de Bourgogne. Minute ; 25 Trève de dix jours, conclue à Lens en Artois, pour commencer le 9 septembre 1477, au lever du soleil, entre Louis XI, d'une part, et Maximilien d'Autriche et Marie de Bourgogne, d'autre part. Lens, 8 septembre 1477. Minute ; 26 Inventaire de lettres, rangées sous 17 cotes, concernant les comté et duché de Bourgogne et les droits du roi Louis XI sur iceux. Après la mort de Charles le Téméraire

Attitudes toward Konglish of South Korean teachers of English in the Province of Jeollanamdo /

This study examined the attitudes of South Korean teachers of English in Jeollanamdo toward Konglish, particularly in relation to English education. The literature search shows that Konglish is a typical local variety, evolved from the borrowing and redefining of English words that became part of everyday South Korean speech. Konglish is not unique in this regard. Japlish in Japan and Chinglish in China developed for similar reasons and display the distinctive characteristics of those languages. However, Konglish is usually defined as poor and incorrect. Teachers in the study expressed embarrassment, shyness, guilt, and anger about Konglish. On the other hand, they also valued it as something uniquely theirs. Teachers believed that students should not be taught that Konglish is bad English. However, students should be taught that it is poor or incorrect. With few exceptions, they correct Konglish in their classes. Teachers exhibited considerable inner conflict. They defined Konglish as valid when used in Korea with Koreans. However, some preferred that their students not use it, even with their friends. This may cause students to judge Konglish as unacceptable or inferior. The teachers believed that students should learn to distinguish between Konglish and "Standard English," and that they should learn about the contexts in which each is appropriate or preferred. The conclusion, therefore, is that South Korean teachers see the value of teaching about varieties of English. The recommendations are that intelligibility, broader communication skills, and information about International English be included in the curriculum in South Korea.

Emptying the bell jar: an exploration of adolescent responses to a women's literature unit /

This study examines adolescent student responses to a women's literature unit taught within a grade 12 Writer's Craft course. Current research (Gilligan, 1989, Pipher, 1994 & Slack, 1999) suggests that there is a great under-representation of female authors in the high school literature curriculum. The use of women's literature may draw attention to important literary figures who are historically overlooked within the curriculum. It gives voice to a marginalized group and presents students with alternative subjects and heroes. It encourages students to develop a critical perspective and reevaluate assumptions about institutions, ideologies, language and culture. It also allows me, as a teacher, to reflect on my own teaching practices and explore alternate feminist pedagogical principles and teaching styles encouraging multiplicity of voices, deconstruction of power relations, and alternative assessment tools within the classroom. As an educator, it is important for me to teach curriculum that is relevant and meaningful to students and help them become critical, self-reflective thinkers. It is also important for me to assist students in their exploration of self and encourage them to expand their awareness of historical, social and global issues. Sylvia Plath's (1963) The belljar is used as the primary text taught within this unit. In this novel, the bell jar is a central image that signifies entrapment and isolation. "To the person in the bell jar, blank and stopped as a dead body, the world itself is the bad dream"(p.l 54). As a metaphor, the bell jar resonates with young readers in a variety of ways.

Multinational drug corporations, intellectual property rights and the Canadian state : a historical and critical analysis

This study critically analyzes the historical role and influence of multinational drug cotpOrations and multinational corporations in general; the u.s. government and the Canadian state in negotiating the global recognition ofIntellectual Property Rights (IPR) under GATT/NAFTA. This process began in 1969 when the Liberal government, in response to high prices for brand-name drugs amended the Patent Act to introduce compulsory licensing by reducing monopoly protection from 20 to seven years. Although the financial position ofthe multinational drug industry was not affected, it campaigned vigorously to change the 1969 legislation. In 1987, the Patent Act was amended to extend protection to 10 years as a condition for free trade talks with the u.s. Nonetheless, the drug industry was not satisfied and accused Canada of providing a bad example to other nations. Therefore, it continued to campaign for global recognition ofIPR laws under GATT. Following the conclusion of the GATTI Trade-Related aspects of Intellectual Property Rights agreement (TRIPS) in 1991, the multinational drug industry and the American government, to the surprise of many, were still not satisfied and sought to implement harsher conditions under NAFTA. The Progressive Conservative government readily agreed without any objections or consideration for the social consequences. As a result, Bill C-91 was introduced. It abandoned compulsory licenses and was made retroactive from December 21, 1991. It is the contention of this thesis that the economic survival of multinational corporations on a global scale depends on the role and functions of the modem state. Similarly, the existence of the state depends on the ideological-political and socioeconomic assistance it gives to multinational corporations on a national and international scale. This dialectical relation of the state and multinational corporations is explored in our theoretical and historical analysis of their role in public policy.

The person inside the nurse : the professional socialization of baccalaureate nursing students

The goal ofthis research was to gain an understanding ofthe process ofprofessional socialization by accessing role meaning ofstudents engaged in a BScN program. Students from each ofthe four years and faculty members from the school ofnursing volunteered as participants. G. Kelly's (1955) Personal Construct Theory provided the framework to determine awareness and constructed meanings. A reflective tool, called LifeMapping, was adapted and utilized to relate student experiences within education that have attributed to nurse role meaning. Focus group interviews verified data interpretation. Students are informed oftheir choice to study nursing through part-time and volunteer work, secondary school cooperative placements. Descriptions reveal that choices are tested and both positive and negative aspects ofthe role observed. Bipolar images of good and bad nurses seem to be context-related. These images may establish biases in choices related to learning experiences. The person inside ofeach aspiring nurse interprets, revises and understands experiences to incorporate individual meaning into their value and belief structures. Students are aware ofchanges and descnbe them as developments that occur personally up to Year ill and role-image changes that begin in Year II. The major difficulty that students encountered was descnbed as negative attitudes towards their anticipated role. Humanistic-interactionist philosophies are echoed in student accounts of learning experiences. Growth and role development corresponds to process factors of small group, problem-base learning.

Letter - Andrew Cowan to William Cowan

A letter from Andrew Cowan to his son William Cowan 29 Septemer 1841. The letter reads "Dear William, I have taken my pen the third time since I have received any word from you, my first letter was about the beginning of the year, and the second in the month of April with John Armstrong of Northhouse, he sailed from Liverpool the fifteen of that month with his sisters Jane and Jenny and their two children. I received a letter from him dated Cleavland in the State of Ohio the 6 of June. He did not intend stopping in that place. The leaves us all well for any thing that I know, but I have not heard from Andrew since March altho I have writen to him three months since your Mother and I are both sore faild altho we have tolerable good health for which we desire to be thankfull to the giver of all our mercies, which are new every day, that we may be found in Christs and clothed in his imputed righteousness at the last, for in him is only found true happyness. We have had another cold wet Summer and the crops is far back ------ not light, the price of -----is high and trade bad, but sheep and cattle are high. Cattle have not been higher since the French war, but the cattle trade is very bad at present and the opperatives out of imployment and consequently verrry badly of. If none of my former letters have reached you this will inform you that James is at Lanshawburn, and gets imployment all the year, he keeps a cow and five or six sheep, they have three children, Mary, Hannah, and Andrew; I was there after clipping time seeing them, they seem to be verry happy. James Lamb is well he was here the other night, he has got two letters from his son Adam this Summer; they are still in the same place and will finish their job this fall, and seem to be doing well, your Uncle Adam Scott and family are well. John was there lately there is little prospect of his getting to America as the money that was left him is not got yet and will not for some time, If ever this reach you, you must let us know how all the Scotch people that are near you, that went from this place of the Country are doing, as their freinds are anxious to hear from them, perticularly if you know what is becomed of Alexander Hoggs widow and family of ------hill, as I was desired to write to you about them - I got a letter from John Miller dated Gatt but I understand it is a long way from your place he was a gentleman and had the charge of a farm and seems verry ----- Now William if this ever reach you, you must excuse me for not filling this letter up, but if I receive an answer I promise to fill the next better, We all join in our love and respect to you and family. From your loving Father Andrew Cowan

ASSESSING THE PERFORMANCE OF EMERGING MARKET MUTUAL FUNDS IN CANADA

Emerging markets have received wide attention from investors around the globe because of their return potential and risk diversification. This research examines the selection and timing performance of Canadian mutual funds which invest in fixed-income and equity securities in emerging markets. We use (un)conditional two- and five-factor benchmark models that accommodate the dynamics of returns in emerging markets. We also adopt the cross-sectional bootstrap methodology to distinguish between ‘skill’ and ‘luck’ for individual funds. All the tests are conducted using a comprehensive data set of bond and equity emerging funds over the period of 1989-2011. The risk-adjusted measures of performance are estimated using the least squares method with the Newey-West adjustment for standard errors that are robust to conditional heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation. The performance statistics of the emerging funds before (after) management-related costs are insignificantly positive (significantly negative). They are sensitive to the chosen benchmark model and conditional information improves selection performance. The timing statistics are largely insignificant throughout the sample period and are not sensitive to the benchmark model. Evidence of timing and selecting abilities is obtained in a small number of funds which is not sensitive to the fees structure. We also find evidence that a majority of individual funds provide zero (very few provide positive) abnormal return before fees and a significantly negative return after fees. At the negative end of the tail of performance distribution, our resampling tests fail to reject the role of bad luck in the poor performance of funds and we conclude that most of them are merely ‘unlucky’.

We need to have a conversation about OpenURL, a close look at a corpus of error reports from the 2013 academic year. Or, How I learned to stop worrying and give up on clean metadata.

Presented at Access 2014, winner of poster contest.

Letter - E.C. Schmon to Arthur A. Schmon, 6 February 1917

The letter reads:" The sixth of February. Artie dear, I am going to be a real good girl and not make you read a long letter, when your thoughts are so completely occupied with "war". Newark is also greatly excited. All arrangements for the mobilization of the militia forces have been made, and in case of any local uprisings, two hundred policemen are to be added to the force. Of course everyone is thinking the worst at present, but I cannot help but believe that in a few months, people will feel like kicking themselves, for having done an unnecessary amount of worrying. (Let us hope so). If nothing unforeseen occurs, I am going to take the "Congressional limited" to Washington, Wednesday the twenty first. Saw in the paper that the public ceremonies of inauguration are to be eliminated, or I would go down the following week. Don't think to steadily about the war. It's bad for the head. Affectionately, Lessie."

Letter - E.C. Schmon to Arthur A. Schmon, Wednesday P.M.

Eleanore Celeste writes that she is waiting for her "big sister to dismiss two bad boys, then we are going down town shopping". This letter is incomplete and undated.

Friendship Album

The album includes an illustration of a dog howling, by one of Eliza's friends. There is also a painting of roses. There is a poem signed Denison, that reads:" In truth it is not every book That's suited to the mind; In some forever you may look and no amusement find. But seldom does an album fail To please both grave and gay; It teams with many a merry tale and many a mournful day. Then reader know, whoever thou be Wise, witty, gay or sad; It's like the world in some degree Made up of good and bad". Another poem of eight verses is signed A. McNab. A poem and illustration are included by George Coventry. The illustration shows a man (presumed to be Coventry) looking at a book while others fish and work. Another poem initialed W.A.R. is thought to be by William Anthony Rooth, it is called "To Caroline". Also included in the album is a note from a Major who stayed at Eliza's home Christmas Day 1837. The note thanks Eliza for caring for him while he was ill at her home. A poem by Eliza's brother-in-law, Oliver T. Macklem is also included in the album. An illustration of two birds by Benjamin, Eliza's son, he was ten years old at the time. There is a poem written by L. D. Raymond with an attached newspaper clipping from Welland. The clipping is from L. D. Raymond's 79th birthday and is also a poem, "To the Old Barrister". There is a page of soldier autographs from 1866, those who fought in the Battle of Ridgeway during the Fenian Raid. (http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:Ann_Eliza_Hepburne_Rooth%27s_1837_Album)

Article - "Fenwick Flier Finishes Fifth", 1953

The article is focused on the fifth place finish of Mrs. Dorothy Rungeling. The article speculates that "The local entrant would have placed second had she not been grounded by bad weather causing her to lose 40 minutes of flying time".

Macroeconomic News and LOB in Foreign Exchange ECN Market

We investigate the macroeconomic news effect on the dynamics of the limit order books (LOB) for euro-dollar ECN market in different economic states between Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2009. Using a VAR-STR model on the news surprise, pure news, aggregated good and bad news, we show that news effects on the LOB dynamics vary in different states of economy. The LOB dynamics are measured by depth, spread, slope and volatility. In contract to slope and volatility, depth and spread strongly respond to news surprise and pure news during recession and expansion. These characteristics are more affected by aggregated good and bad news during expansion. News effects are robust to alternative characteristic measures, the different sides of the LOB and the different levels in the LOB.