Universal Experimental Measurement System «Sun-Walker» : Automotive measurement system for the evaluation of the solar irradiation distribution for the tests of the solar concentrated systems.

This Thesis project is a part of the research conducted in Solar industry. ABSOLICON Solar Concentrator AB has invented and started production of the prospective solar concentrated system Absolicon X10. The aims of this Thesis project are designing, assembling, calibrating and putting in operation the automatic measurement system intended to evaluate distribution of density of solar radiation in the focal line of the concentrated parabolic reflectors and to measure radiation from the artificial source of light being a calibration-testing tool.On the basis of the requirements of the company’s administration and needs of designing the concentrated reflectors the operation conditions for the Sun-Walker were formulated. As the first step, the complex design of the whole system was made and division on the parts was specified. After the preliminary conducted simulation of the functions and operation conditions of the all parts were formulated.As the next steps, the detailed design of all the parts was made. Most components were ordered from respective companies. Some of the mechanical components were made in the workshop of the company. All parts of the Sun-Walker were assembled and tested. The software part, which controls the Sun-Walker work and conducts measurements of solar irradiation, was created on the LabVIEW basis. To tune and test the software part, the special simulator was designed and assembled.When all parts were assembled in the complete system, the Sun-Walker was tested, calibrated and tuned.

Classification of Parkinson’s Disease using MultiPass Lvq,Logistic Model Tree,K-Star for Audio Data set : Classification of Parkinson Disease using Audio Dataset

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative illness whose cardinal symptoms include rigidity, tremor, and slowness of movement. In addition to its widely recognized effects PD can have a profound effect on speech and voice.The speech symptoms most commonly demonstrated by patients with PD are reduced vocal loudness, monopitch, disruptions of voice quality, and abnormally fast rate of speech. This cluster of speech symptoms is often termed Hypokinetic Dysarthria.The disease can be difficult to diagnose accurately, especially in its early stages, due to this reason, automatic techniques based on Artificial Intelligence should increase the diagnosing accuracy and to help the doctors make better decisions. The aim of the thesis work is to predict the PD based on the audio files collected from various patients.Audio files are preprocessed in order to attain the features.The preprocessed data contains 23 attributes and 195 instances. On an average there are six voice recordings per person, By using data compression technique such as Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) number of instances can be minimized, after data compression, attribute selection is done using several WEKA build in methods such as ChiSquared, GainRatio, Infogain after identifying the important attributes, we evaluate attributes one by one by using stepwise regression.Based on the selected attributes we process in WEKA by using cost sensitive classifier with various algorithms like MultiPass LVQ, Logistic Model Tree(LMT), K-Star.The classified results shows on an average 80%.By using this features 95% approximate classification of PD is acheived.This shows that using the audio dataset, PD could be predicted with a higher level of accuracy.

Brytmånens utformning vid trädfällning - Jämförande studier av böjmotstånd och gångjärnseffekt : Designing felling hinge in tree felling - Comparative studies of bending resistance and hinge effect

Vid trädfällning med motorsåg sparar man en så kallad brytmån som skall fungera som ett gång¬järn när trädet fälls. Om brytmånen går av tidigt finns en risk att trädet faller okontrolle¬rat. De rekommendationer som finns säger att brytmånens bredd skall göras proportionell mot trädets diameter. Genom att teoretiskt och praktiskt undersöka vilka krafter brytmånen utsätts för och vad den håller för har det varit möjligt att dra vissa slutsatser om hur en bra brytmån skall se ut. Ett viktigt resultat är att en bred brytmån (över 30-40 mm) är mycket trög att böja och inte fungerar i det avseendet att den går av redan vid små böjningar. Teoretiska be¬räkningar och praktiska försök visar att en relativt smal brytmån håller för belastningen vid rakt motlut även på stora träd. Som ny rekommendationen föreslås att brytmånens bredd inte bör vara mer än 30 mm. Av försöken kan man också dra slutsatsen att frusen ved är stel och brister tidigt, varför svår¬fällda träd inte bör fällas när veden är fryst.A felling hinge is used when felling trees by help of chain saw. If the hinge breaks early in the fall of the tree there is a great risk that the tree will fall without control. Present recommenda¬tions in Sweden say that the thickness of the felling hinge shall be made in proportion to the stem diameter. By use of theoretical and practical examinations of the forces stressing the felling hinge, and the strength of the wood itself, it has been possible to draw conclusions regarding the correct design of a felling hinge. One important result is that a thick felling hinge (over 30-40 mm) is very hard to bend and does not work well as it looses most of its strength already at a small forward bending angel. Theoretical calculations and practical tests show that a relatively narrow felling hinge will manage very well the forces when felling trees with lean opposite to the felling direction even for large trees. Our new recommendation is that the thickness of the felling hinge in normal Swedish conditions should not exceed 30 mm. Through the studies it can also be seen that frozen, brittle wood breaks at small bending angels. For that reason particularly difficult trees not should be felled when the wood is frozen.

Kraftutveckling för manuella trädfällningsredskap : Force development for manual tree felling tools

The objective with this study has been to build general models of the mechanics in tree felling with chain-saw and to compare felling torque for different tools. The theoretical models are completed and validated with a comparative study. The study includes a great number of felling tools of which some are used with different methods. Felling torque was measured using a naturally like measuring arrangement where a tree is cut at about 3.7 m height and then anchored with a dynamometer to a tree opposite to the felling direction. Notch and felling cut was made as ordinary with exception that the hinge was made extra thin to reduce bending resistance. The tree was consequently not felled during the trials and several combinations of felling tools and individuals could be used on the same tree.The results show big differences between tools, methods and persons. The differences were, however, not general, but could vary depending on conditions (first of all tree diameters). Tools and methods that push or pull on the stem are little affected by the size of the tree, while tools that press on the stump are very much dependent of a large stump-diameter. Hand force asserted on a simple pole is consequently a powerful tool on small trees. For trees of medium size there are several alternative methods with different sizes and brands of felling levers and wedges. Larger and more ungainly tools and methods like tree pusher, winch, etc. develop very high felling torque on all tree sizes. On large trees also the felling wedge and especially the use of several wedges together develop very high felling torque.

Quality management for vital forest tree seedlings : Final report, Project no: P33854-1

The work concerns development of a prototype molecular tests to identify vitality status of conifer seedlings. The work is done by NSure, Holland, Dalarna University and SUAS. In case for spruce, a successful validation experiment has been performed to validate the identified frost tolerance and vitality genes. Multiple indicators were identified that can be used to either reinforce the existing ColdnSure test, but also for development of a vitality test. The identified frost tolerance and vitality genes for pine still need to be validated. NSure together with Dalarna University aim to perform a validation next season. Multiple LN indicators were identified in spruce that can be used to determine the effectiveness of a LN treatment, but they are not yet validated. In spruce and pine hardly any scientific research is performed to study the effect of a LN treatment, particularly not at molecular level. Therefore NSure together with Dalarna Research Station want to apply for a project. Within this project, we would be able to develop the tests further.

Decision Tree Classification Model In Water Supply Network

With the service life of water supply network (WSN) growth, the growing phenomenon of aging pipe network has become exceedingly serious. As urban water supply network is hidden underground asset, it is difficult for monitoring staff to make a direct classification towards the faults of pipe network by means of the modern detecting technology. In this paper, based on the basic property data (e.g. diameter, material, pressure, distance to pump, distance to tank, load, etc.) of water supply network, decision tree algorithm (C4.5) has been carried out to classify the specific situation of water supply pipeline. Part of the historical data was used to establish a decision tree classification model, and the remaining historical data was used to validate this established model. Adopting statistical methods were used to access the decision tree model including basic statistical method, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) and Recall-Precision Curves (RPC). These methods has been successfully used to assess the accuracy of this established classification model of water pipe network. The purpose of classification model was to classify the specific condition of water pipe network. It is important to maintain the pipeline according to the classification results including asset unserviceable (AU), near perfect condition (NPC) and serious deterioration (SD). Finally, this research focused on pipe classification which plays a significant role in maintaining water supply networks in the future.

December 2010: National Christmas Tree

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Universal Design in Higher Education

While colleges and universities increasingly draw upon the concept of Universal Design to create an ideal learning environment, it can be challenging to apply the concept practically in the classroom. This project explores innovative ways to incorporate Universal Design into campus architecture, classroom technology and curriculum development. Further, this brief describes different approaches used by universities to garner faculty interest and offer effective training in Universal Design.

Bifocal tree : uma técnica para visualização de estruturas hierárquicas

Estruturas de informações organizadas hierarquicamente estão presentes em muitas áreas. Pode-se citar como exemplos diagramas organizacionais, árvores genealógicas, manuais, estruturas de diretórios, catálogos de bibliotecas, etc. Na última década, várias técnicas têm sido desenvolvidas a fim de permitir a navegação em espaços de informações organizados dessa forma. Essas técnicas buscam proporcionar uma melhor percepção de alguns atributos ou fornecer mecanismos de interação adicionais que vão além da tradicional navegação com barras de rolagem ou câmeras 3D em visualização bi e tridimensional, respectivamente. Dentre as várias alternativas de representação utilizadas nas diversas técnicas para dados hierárquicos destacam-se dois grandes grupos: as que utilizam a abordagem de preenchimento do espaço e as baseadas em diagramas de nodos e arestas. Na primeira o espaço disponível para a representação da estrutura é subdividido recursivamente, de forma que cada subárea representa um nodo da hierarquia. Na segunda, os nodos são representados por figuras geométricas e os relacionamentos, por linhas. Outro critério utilizado para classificá-las é a estratégia que cada uma aplica para exibir os detalhes presentes na estrutura. Algumas técnicas utilizam o método Foco+Contexto de modo a fornecer uma representação visual inteira do espaço de informações, bem como uma visão detalhada de itens selecionados na mesma área de exibição. Outras utilizam a abordagem Visão Geral+Detalhe que possui a característica de exibir essas duas partes (conjunto total e subconjunto de interesse) em áreas separadas. O objetivo do presente trabalho é investigar a integração dessas duas abordagens a partir da proposta da técnica Bifocal Tree. Esta estrutura utiliza um diagrama de nodos e arestas e incorpora os conceitos existentes na abordagem Foco+Contexto guardando, porém uma divisão mais perceptível da visão de contexto e de detalhe. Ela introduz o uso de um segundo foco proporcionando duas áreas de visualização onde são exibidos dois sub-diagramas conectados entre si. Um corresponde à subárvore que contém o trecho da estrutura de interesse do usuário, enquanto o outro representa o contexto da hierarquia visualizada. Possui ainda alguns mecanismos de interação a fim de facilitar a navegação e a obtenção das informações exibidas na estrutura. Experimentos baseados em tarefas realizadas por usuários com a Bifocal Tree, o Microsoft Windows Explorer e o browser MagniFind foram utilizados para a avaliação da técnica demonstrando suas vantagens em algumas situações.

Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus: análise de um caso de sucesso de estratégia por diferenciação

Is it possible to see elements of an organizational strategy in churches practices, as we can do in public and private organizations? This work intend to show a case study about the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God, and study some factors that can be evidences of a strategic profile. It discusses the success that this church try to show: can it be proved? The conclusion of this study answer these questions.

Gênesis habermasiana e o caso de Catende: pragmática universal e a economia solidária

O presente trabalho se dedica à aproximação entre a pragmática universal, elemento fundamental da racionalidade comunicativa habermasiana, e os conceitos de economia solidária defendidos por Paul Singer. O trabalho, no que diz respeito à complexa teoria de Habermas, se limita à idéia de reconstrução das condições universais de possível compreensão mútua, portanto, não se dedica ao entendimento das relações semânticas nos procedimentos dialógicos, essência da teoria habermasiana. A reflexão teórica utilizou como instrumento empírico, através do estudo de caso não generalizável, o Projeto Harmonia no município de Catende, Zona da Mata pernambucana. Para este fim, foram utilizados dois estudos de campo: entrevistas com questionário semi-estruturado e pesquisa quantitativa com aplicação presencial de questionários. A pesquisa exploratória identificou quatro categorias de trabalhadores que foram analisados distintamente no levantamento de dados. O trabalho se desenvolve em seis capítulos, além da Introdução. O primeiro capítulo faz uma abordagem sumária das raízes da luta pela emancipação. O segundo capítulo trata da teoria habermasiana. O terceiro, descreve a erspectiva da economia solidária como opção ao capitalismo, e não necessariamente como objeto de ruptura paradigmática. O quarto capítulo se dedica à aproximação entre a economia solidária e o pragmatismo universal de Habermas. O quinto capítulo descreve o estudo de caso na Usina Harmonia. Finalmente, o sexto capítulo se dedica às conclusões. O trabalho conclui que há um laço que uni a teoria abermasiana à perspectiva da economia solitária, no que tange ao ambiente que funciona como reconstrução das condições para o entendimento mútuo. A conclusão se baseia no caso de Catende e não tem a pretensão de generalizar para outras experiências solidárias. Conclui-se também que o fato de observar as condições necessárias para o processo intersubjetivo não significa, necessariamente, que estão sendo desenvolvidos os procedimentos que identificam satisfatoriamente, nos termos de Habermas, a aplicação dos atos da fala, e de todas as características semânticas correspondentes.