Bycatches of sharks in the tuna purse-seine fishery of the eastern Pacific Ocean reported by observers of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission, 1993-2004

Information on bycatches of sharks collected by observers of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC) between 1993 and 2004 is presented in this data report. This report contains two sections. The first section summarizes information used by the staff of the IATTC to review and revise IATTC observers’ at-sea species identifications of Carcharhinus falciformis, C. limbatus, and C. longimanus. The revisions were based on 1) data collected on species-specific diagnostic characteristics as part of a special sampling program conducted between March 2000, and March 2001 and 2) a review of observers’ archival field notes for the 1993-2004 period. The second section summarizes the shark bycatches reported by IATTC observers between 1993 and 2004, incorporating the revisions of observers’ at-sea identifications. The IATTC-observed shark bycatch data are summarized as tables with annual tallies of observed bycatches and maps of the spatial distributions of the average bycatches per set and size compositions of the bycatches.

Report of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna commission for the year 2000

ENGLISH:The Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC) operates under the authority and direction of a convention originally entered into by Costa Rica and the United States. The convention, which came into force in 1950, is open to adherence by other governments whose nationals fish for tropical tunas and tuna-like species in the eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO). Under this provision Panama adhered in 1953, Ecuador in 1961, Mexico in 1964, Canada in 1968, Japan in 1970, France and Nicaragua in 1973, Vanuatu in 1990, Venezuela in 1992, El Salvador in 1997, and Guatemala in 2000. Canada withdrew from the IATTC in 1984. SPANISH: La Comisión Interamericana del Atún Tropical (CIAT) funciona bajo la autoridad y dirección de una convención suscrita originalmente por Costa Rica y los Estados Unidos de América. La convención, vigente desde 1950, está abierta a la afiliación de cualquier país cuyos ciudadanos pesquen atunes tropicales y especies afines en el Océano Pacífico oriental (OPO). Bajo esta estipulación, la República de Panamá se afilió en 1953, Ecuador en 1961, México en 1964, Canadá en 1968, Japón en 1970, Francia y Nicaragua en 1973, Vanuatu en 1990, Venezuela en 1992, El Salvador en 1997, y Guatemala en 2000. Canadá se retiró de la CIAT en 1984.

Report of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission for the year 2001

ENGLISH: The Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC) operates under the authority and direction of a convention originally entered into by Costa Rica and the United States. The convention, which came into force in 1950, is open to adherence by other governments whose nationals fish for tropical tunas and tuna-like species in the eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO). Under this provision Panama adhered in 1953, Ecuador in 1961, Mexico in 1964, Canada in 1968, Japan in 1970, France and Nicaragua in 1973, Vanuatu in 1990, Venezuela in 1992, El Salvador in 1997, and Guatemala in 2000. Canada withdrew from the IATTC in 1984. SPANISH: La Comisión Interamericana del Atún Tropical (CIAT) funciona bajo la autoridad y dirección de una convención suscrita originalmente por Costa Rica y los Estados Unidos de América. La convención, vigente desde 1950, está abierta a la afiliación de cualquier país cuyos ciudadanos pesquen atunes tropicales y especies afines en el Océano Pacífico oriental (OPO). Bajo esta estipulación, la República de Panamá se afilió en 1953, Ecuador en 1961, México en 1964, Canadá en 1968, Japón en 1970, Francia y Nicaragua en 1973, Vanuatu en 1990, Venezuela en 1992, El Salvador en 1997, y Guatemala en 2000. Canadá se retiró de la CIAT en 1984.

Report of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission for the year 2004

ENGLISH: The Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC) operates under the authority and direction of a convention originally entered into by Costa Rica and the United States. The convention, which came into force in 1950, is open to adherence by other governments whose nationals fish for tropical tunas and tuna-like species in the eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO). Under this provision Panama adhered in 1953, Ecuador in 1961, Mexico in 1964, Canada in 1968, Japan in 1970, France and Nicaragua in 1973, Vanuatu in 1990, Venezuela in 1992, El Salvador in 1997, Guatemala in 2000, Peru in 2002, and Spain in 2003. Canada withdrew from the IATTC in 1984. The IATTC’s responsibilities are met with two programs, the Tuna-Billfish Program and the Tuna-Dolphin Program. SPANISH: La Comisión Interamericana del Atún Tropical (CIAT) funciona bajo la autoridad y dirección de una convención suscrita originalmente por Costa Rica y los Estados Unidos de América. La Convención, vigente desde 1950, está abierta a la afiliación de cualquier país cuyos ciudadanos pesquen atunes tropicales y especies afines en el Océano Pacífico oriental (OPO). Bajo esta estipulación, la República de Panamá se afilió en 1953, Ecuador en 1961, México en 1964, Canadá en 1968, Japón en 1970, Francia y Nicaragua en 1973, Vanuatu en 1990, Venezuela en 1992, El Salvador en 1997, Guatemala en 2000, Perú en 2002, y España en 2003. Canadá se retiró de la CIAT en 1984. La CIAT cumple su mandato mediante dos programas, el Programa Atún-Picudo y el Programa Atún-Delfín.

Report of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission for the year 2005

ENGLISH: The Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC) operates under the authority and direction of a convention originally entered into by Costa Rica and the United States. The convention, which came into force in 1950, is open to adherence by other governments whose nationals fish for tropical tunas and tuna-like species in the eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO). Under this provision Panama adhered in 1953, Ecuador in 1961, Mexico in 1964, Canada in 1968, Japan in 1970, France and Nicaragua in 1973, Vanuatu in 1990, Venezuela in 1992, El Salvador in 1997, Guatemala in 2000, Peru in 2002, Spain in 2003, and the Republic of Korea in 2005. Canada withdrew from the IATTC in 1984. The IATTC's responsibilities are met with two programs, the Tuna-Billfish Program and the Tuna-Dolphin Program. SPANISH: La Comisión Interamericana del Atún Tropical (CIAT) funciona bajo la autoridad y dirección de una convención suscrita originalmente por Costa Rica y los Estados Unidos de América. La Convención, vigente desde 1950, está abierta a la afiliación de cualquier país cuyos ciudadanos pesquen atunes tropicales y especies afines en el Océano Pacífico oriental (OPO). Bajo esta estipulación, la República de Panamá se afilió en 1953, Ecuador en 1961, México en 1964, Canadá en 1968, Japón en 1970, Francia y Nicaragua en 1973, Vanuatu en 1990, Venezuela en 1992, El Salvador en 1997, Guatemala en 2000, Perú en 2002, España en 2003, y la República de Corea en 2005. Canadá se retiró de la CIAT en 1984. La CIAT cumple su mandato mediante dos programas, el Programa Atún-Picudo y el Programa Atún-Delfín.

Report of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission for the year 2006

ENGLISH: The Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC) operates under the authority and direction of a convention originally entered into by Costa Rica and the United States. The convention, which came into force in 1950, is open to adherence by other governments whose nationals fish for tropical tunas and tuna-like species in the eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO). Under this provision Panama adhered in 1953, Ecuador in 1961, Mexico in 1964, Canada in 1968, Japan in 1970, France and Nicaragua in 1973, Vanuatu in 1990, Venezuela in 1992, El Salvador in 1997, Guatemala in 2000, Peru in 2002, Spain in 2003, and the Republic of Korea in 2005. Canada withdrew from the IATTC in 1984. The IATTC's responsibilities are met with two programs, the Tuna-Billfish Program and the Tuna-Dolphin Program. SPANISH: La Comisión Interamericana del Atún Tropical (CIAT) funciona bajo la autoridad y dirección de una convención suscrita originalmente por Costa Rica y los Estados Unidos de América. La Convención, vigente desde 1950, está abierta a la afiliación de cualquier país cuyos ciudadanos pesquen atunes tropicales y especies afines en el Océano Pacífico oriental (OPO). Bajo esta estipulación, la República de Panamá se afilió en 1953, Ecuador en 1961, México en 1964, Canadá en 1968, Japón en 1970, Francia y Nicaragua en 1973, Vanuatu en 1990, Venezuela en 1992, El Salvador en 1997, Guatemala en 2000, Perú en 2002, España en 2003, y la República de Corea en 2005. Canadá se retiró de la CIAT en 1984. La CIAT cumple su mandato mediante dos programas, el Programa Atún-Picudo y el Programa Atún-Delfín.

Report of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission for the year 2007

ENGLISH: The Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC) operates under the authority and direction of a convention originally entered into by Costa Rica and the United States. The convention, which came into force in 1950, is open to adherence by other governments whose nationals fish for tropical tunas and tuna-like species in the eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO). Under this provision Panama adhered in 1953, Ecuador in 1961, Mexico in 1964, Canada in 1968, Japan in 1970, France and Nicaragua in 1973, Vanuatu in 1990, Venezuela in 1992, El Salvador in 1997, Guatemala in 2000, Peru in 2002, Spain in 2003, the Republic of Korea in 2005, and Colombia in 2007. Canada withdrew from the IATTC in 1984. The IATTC's responsibilities are met with two programs, the Tuna-Billfish Program and the Tuna- Dolphin Program. SPANISH: La Comisión Interamericana del Atún Tropical (CIAT) funciona bajo la autoridad y dirección de una convención suscrita originalmente por Costa Rica y los Estados Unidos de América. La Convención, vigente desde 1950, está abierta a la afiliación de cualquier país cuyos ciudadanos pesquen atunes tropicales y especies afines en el Océano Pacífico oriental (OPO). Bajo esta estipulación, la República de Panamá se afilió en 1953, Ecuador en 1961, México en 1964, Canadá en 1968, Japón en 1970, Francia y Nicaragua en 1973, Vanuatu en 1990, Venezuela en 1992, El Salvador en 1997, Guatemala en 2000, Perú en 2002, España en 2003, la República de Corea en 2005, y Colombia en 2007. Canadá se retiró de la CIAT en 1984. La CIAT cumple su mandato mediante dos programas, el Programa Atún-Picudo y el Programa Atún-Delfín.

Report of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission for the year 2008

ENGLISH: The Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC) operates under the authority and direction of a convention originally entered into by Costa Rica and the United States. The convention, which came into force in 1950, is open to adherence by other governments whose nationals fish for tropical tunas and tuna-like species in the eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO). Under this provision Panama adhered in 1953, Ecuador in 1961, Mexico in 1964, Canada in 1968, Japan in 1970, France and Nicaragua in 1973, Vanuatu in 1990, Venezuela in 1992, El Salvador in 1997, Guatemala in 2000, Peru in 2002, Spain in 2003, the Republic of Korea in 2005, and Colombia in 2007. Canada withdrew from the IATTC in 1984. The IATTC's responsibilities are met with two programs, the Tuna-Billfish Program and the Tuna- Dolphin Program. SPANISH: La Comisión Interamericana del Atún Tropical (CIAT) funciona bajo la autoridad y dirección de una convención suscrita originalmente por Costa Rica y los Estados Unidos de América. La Convención, vigente desde 1950, está abierta a la afiliación de cualquier país cuyos ciudadanos pesquen atunes tropicales y especies afines en el Océano Pacífico oriental (OPO). Bajo esta estipulación, la República de Panamá se afilió en 1953, Ecuador en 1961, México en 1964, Canadá en 1968, Japón en 1970, Francia y Nicaragua en 1973, Vanuatu en 1990, Venezuela en 1992, El Salvador en 1997, Guatemala en 2000, Perú en 2002, España en 2003, la República de Corea en 2005, y Colombia en 2007. Canadá se retiró de la CIAT en 1984. La CIAT cumple su mandato mediante dos programas, el Programa Atún-Picudo y el Programa Atún-Delfín.

Incidences de la modification de la circulation des eaux sur l'hydrochimie et le degré de contamination bacterienne d'un estuaire eutrophe tropical

In order to control the proliferation of floating aquatic vegetation in Côte d'Ivoire, a coastal inlet, allowing a direct communication between the Comoe river and the ocean, was created in September 1987. The impact of this operation on the hydrochemistry (salinity, nutrients, algal biomass) and the bacterial contamination level was studied in the area close to the Vridi canal.

Écologie de bassins de lagunage pour le traitement d'effluents domestiques en milieu tropical humide (Côte d'Ivoire)

The waste water treatment of Dabou (Côte d'Ivoire), made of three oxydation ponds (B1, B2 and B3), is designed to ensure a biological treatment of domestic sewage and a valorization of the final effluent in aquaculture. In order to understand the ecological mechanisms and the performance of this system, a pluridisciplinary program was achieved in February 1989.

Micropropagação e avaliação da potencialidade genotóxica de Petiveria alliacea L.

Petiveria alliacea L. é uma planta pertencente à família Phytolaccaceae, conhecida popularmente no país como guiné, erva-de-alho, erva-tipi ou amansa-senhor. Nativa da Região Amazônica tem sido cultivada em muitas áreas tropicais com propósito medicinal ou ritualístico. O objetivo desse trabalho foi (i) o desenvolvimento e a multiplicação de plantas de P. alliacea L. através de métodos de cultura de tecidos, e monitoramento fitoquímico das culturas, e (ii) avaliação comparativa das potencialidades genotóxica e antigenotóxica entre plantas coletadas no campo e produzidas in vitro. Exemplares de diferentes populações ocorrentes no estado do Rio de Janeiro foram utilizados como matrizes para a cultura. Foi estabelecido um protocolo para multiplicação das plantas em meio MS suplementado com BAP e ANA em diferentes concentrações e combinações, que forneceu como melhor resultado em média 8 plantas por explante na concentração de BAP 4,4 μM + ANA 0,54 μM. A análise fitoquímica foi baseada em métodos cromatográficos de diferentes extratos de plantas de campo e plantas in vitro das populações estudadas resultando em diferentes substâncias identificadas nas amostras analisadas por cromatografia em camada delgada. Os extratos foram também avaliados por cromatografia gasosa acoplada á espectrometria de massas, sendo identificadas diferentes substâncias, entre as quais o dibenzil dissulfeto, um produto de degradação de tiosulfinatos com importantes atividades biológicas na defesa das plantas. Os extratos aquosos das plantas de campo e daquelas estabelecidas in vitro foram submetidos à avaliação da potencialidade genotóxica e antigenotóxica, usando-se como modelo o DNA plasmidial pUC 9.1. Os resultados demonstraram que as concentrações utilizadas do extrato aquoso foram capazes de induzir alterações na conformação estrutural do DNA, indicando a ocorrência de quebras simples e duplas nesta molécula. Observou-se também que as lesões aumentaram, proporcionalmente ao aumento da concentração dos extratos, caracterizando-se, assim, um efeito dose-resposta. Os dados também apontaram para um efeito protetor do extrato aquoso, em relação aos danos oxidativos causados pelo cloreto estanoso, indicando, também, uma potencialidade antigenotóxica do extrato aquoso.

Excrétion organique du phytoplancton et activité bacterienne hétérotrophe dans le Dôme de Guinée (Océan Atlantique Tropical Est)

Primary production rates in the Gulf the Guinea (east tropical Atlantic) were measured with in situ incubations. The extracellular organic carbon passed through 0.8 u pore size membrane filters averaged 29.5% of the carbon fixed by photosynthesis. These is a good linear correlation (r=0.86) between assimilation and organic excretion. The significance and limits of the method for the measurements of low rates of photosynthesis is discussed. The influence of ecological factors (nutrients, light and stability) cannot be demonstrated. The importance of bacterial regeneration processes by reutilization of algal extracellular products is assessed.

Recherches des larves de thonides dans l'Atlantique tropical-oriental: campagnes effectuées en 1976-1977 par le N/O Capricorne

This study gives the results of oblique plankton hauls (from the sea-surface to the top of the thermocline), made during the dry season (January to March) by oceanographic vessel R.V. Capricorne during three cruises, of tuna larvae research in 1976 and 1977, between the African Coast and the Equator, from 17 degrees W to 9 degrees E.