Caracterização multi-escalar de bandas de deformação nas tectonossequências paleozóica, pré- e sin-rifte da Bacia do Araripe, Nordeste do Brasil

Deformation bands are structures, developed in porous sandstones, that has small offsets and they are not shown on seismic section. The deformation bands of the pre and synrift sandstones of Araripe Basin were studied in outcrop, macroscopic and microscopic scales. The hierarchical, cinematic and spatial-geometric characteristics, and also the deformational mechanisms acting during its structural evolution were established too. In general, the mesoscopic scale observation allowed to discriminate deformation bands as singles or clusters in three main sets: NNE-SSW dextral; NE-SW normal (sometimes with strike-slip offset); and E-W sinistral; further a bed-parallel deformation bands as a local set. The microscopic characterization allowed to recognize the shearing and cataclastic character of such structures. Through the multi-scale study done in this work we verified that deformation bands analyzed were preferentially developed when sandstones under advanced stage of lithification. We also infer that the geometrical-spatial complexity of these bands, together with the presence of cataclastic matrix, can difficult the migration of fluids in reservoir rocks, resulting on their compartmentalization. Therefore, the study of deformation bands can aid researches about the structural evolution of sedimentary basin, as well as collaborate to understand the hydrodynamic behavior of reservoirs compartmented by these deformational structures

Caracterização de reservatórios siliciclásticos neoaptianos: um estudo do membro carmópolis no campo de Camorim, sub-bacia de Sergipe, Brasil

The Camorim Oilfield, discovered in 1970 in the shallow water domain of the Sergipe Sub-basin, produces hydrocarbons from the Carmópolis Member of the Muribeca Formation, the main reservoir interval, interpreted as siliciclastics deposited in an alluvial-fluvial-deltaic context during a late rifting phase of Neoaptian age, in the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin. The structural setting of the field defines different production blocks, being associated to the evolution of the Atalaia High during the rift stage and subsequent reactivations, encompassing NE-SW trending major normal faults and NWEW trending secondary faults. The complexity of this field is related to the strong facies variation due to the interaction between continental and coastal depositional environments, coupled with strata juxtaposition along fault blocks. This study aims to geologically characterize its reservoirs, to provide new insights to well drilling locations in order to increase the recovery factor of the field. Facies analysis based on drill cores and geophysical logs and the 3D interpretation of a seismic volume, provide a high resolution stratigraphic analysis approach to be applied in this geodynamic transitional context between the rift and drift evolutionary stages of the basin. The objective was to define spatial and time relations between production zones and the preferential directions of fluid flow, using isochore maps that represent the external geometry of the deposits and facies distribution maps to characterize the internal heterogeneities of these intervals, identified in a 4th order stratigraphic zoning. This work methodology, integrated in a 3D geological modelling process, will help to optimize well drilling and hydrocarbons production. This methodology may be applied in other reservoirs in tectonic and depositional contexts similar to the one observed at Camorim, for example, the oil fields in the Aracaju High, Sergipe Sub-basin, which together represent the largest volume of oil in place in onshore Brazilian basins

Caracterização geológica, geoquímica e geocronológica da suíte plutônica enoproterozóica da região de Serrinha, porção centro-leste do maciço São José de Campestre, sudeste do RN

The of Serrinha plutonic suite, northeastern portion of the Borborema Province (NE Brazil), is characterized by a voluminous and diversified magmatism of Neoproterozoic age, intrusive in the Archean to Paleoproterozoic gneissic-migmatitic basement of the São José de Campestre massif. Field relations and petrographic and geochemical data allowed us to individualize different lithologic types among this plutonic suite, which is represented by intermediate to mafic enclaves, porphyritic diorites, porphyritic granitoids, porphyritic granodiorites, microporphyritic granites and dykes/sheets of microgranite. The intermediate-to-mafic enclaves occur associated with porphyritic granitoids, showing mixture textures. The porphyrytic diorites occur as isolated bodies, generally associated with intermediate-to-mafic enclaves and locally as enclaves within porphyritic granites. The granodiorites represent mixing between an intermediate to mafic magma with an acidic one. The micropophyritic granites occur as isolated small bodies, generally deformed, while the microgranite dykes/sheets crosscut all the previous granitoids. A U-Pb zircon age of 576 + 3 Ma was obtained for the Serrinha granite. This age is interpreted as age of the peak of the regional ductile deformational event (D3) and of the associated the E-W Rio Jacu shear zone, which control the emplacement of the Neoproterozoic syntectonic plutons. The porphyrytic granitoids show monzogranitic composition, transitional between peraluminous and metaluminous types, typically of the high potassium subalkaline-calc-alkaline series. The intermediate-to-mafic enclaves present vary from quartz diorite to tonalite/granodiorite, with metaluminous, shoshonitic affinity. The diorites are generally quartz-monzodiorite in composition, with metaluminous, subalkaline affinity. They display coarse-grained, inequigranular, porphyrytic texture, with predominance of plagioclase phenocrystals immersed in a matrix composed of biotite and pyroxenes. The microporphyrytic granites are essentially monzogranites of fine- to medium-grained texture, whereas microgranite dikes/sheets varying from monzogranites to syenogranites, with fine to media texture, equigranular. The diversified magmatism occurring at a relatively small surface associated with shear zones, suggests lithospheric dimensions for such structures, with magma extractions from different depths within the lower crust and upper mantle. The geological, geochemical and geochronological characteristics of the Serrinha plutonic suite suggest a pos-collisional geodynamic context for the Neoproterozoic magmatism. Thermobarometric data show emplacement conditions in the range 5-6 kbar (AlTamphibole) and 730-740°C (plagioclase-amphibole) for the porphyrytic granitoids (Serrinha body) and the intermediate-to-mafic enclaves

Caracterização e análise do talude continental adjacente à bacia potiguar, NE Brasil

This work presents the results of the first imaging of continental slope adjacent to Potiguar Basin, in the equatorial Brazilian margin (NE Brazil). Swath bathymetry provided a complete coverage of seafloor between the upper and middle slope (100-1,300 m). Fifteen submarine canyons were mapped. The shape of the slope reflects in distinct spatial distribution of the canyons. The western area displays convex profiles which implied a greater amount of incisions by canyons. Some of them have gradient walls higher than 35°. They were classified according to location and morphology. The canyons with heads indenting shelf edge, association with a incised valley and a large fluvial system, high sinuosities, V shape, terraces along margins, further erosive features such as landslide and gullies allow to deduce a sandy-gravelly sedimentation. These canyons are associated with deposition of submarine fan systems that have been considered permeable hydrocarbon reservoirs. The presence of gullies, furrows and dunes demonstrates the role of bottom currents in the shaping of the slope. The enlargement of canyons and the change in the course when they cross the border fault imply that tectonic has also influenced in the morphology of deep waters environments of Potiguar Basin. The current sedimentation of continental slope is considered mixed because the sediments are composed of siliciclastics and bioclasts. Predominant siliciclastics are calcite, dolomite, quartz, and clay minerals. The presence of stable minerals (zircon, tourmaline and rutile), and fragmented bioclasts implies the contributions of Rivers Açu and Apodi

Gerenciamento ambiental das fazendas de camarão do Rio Grande do Norte

The present dissertação had as objective to study the ambient management in the Farms Saint Rita, Tahim Agropesca and Agropesca Rigomoleiro, in the Great River of the North. For this we use as theoretical tool some fundantes concepts of geographic science, the space, and as concepts auxiliary of ambient management, of estuaries as the half natural one and of manguezais as ecosystem. The study if it gave taking in consideration a model of flow of activities of a typical farm following the way of the residues produced since the beginning until its final destination, in a suitable script of SCHERER (1999). The considered flow established a sequence activities where it is identified the material of entrance, the process of management, the residues of exit and the destination of the residues to the long one of the phase of culture of the shrimp. From it was there had been elaborated a series of managemental pictures with the data raised in the three farms, of different transports and concludes that the ambient management of these farms does not follow the formal standards of a system of typical ambient management. Collating with the system of considered by norm ISO14000 the study it disclosed that all the companies are in a situation of not conformity and that the impacts on the environment continue being many significant ones. However, it is possible to implant norm ISO14000 because some procedures implanted for the farms are correct of the point of view of the ambient management

Fragilidade ambiental da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Punaú (RN) e área litorânea adjacente

Hydrographic basins always exercised a big fascination over humankind that attracted for its scenery beauty or for its richness in natural resources, had been acting in order to modify these important ecosystems without, therefore, considering the possible consequences of these changes. The attributed importance to the coast ecosystems, in eminence to the hydrographic basin of Punaú river and adjacent areas, is had when it s verified the diversity of the ecosystems that contemplate it. Hydrographic basin in evidence in Rio Grande do Norte state, occupies an area of nearly 652.71 km², being it sited in the homogeneous micro-region Litoral Nordeste, with a regional population estimated in nearly 75,188 inhabitants, according to the Anuário Estatístico do Rio Grande do Norte 2004. The region of the researched basin is formed by seven municipal districts related as it follows: Maxaranguape, Pedra Grande, Pureza, Rio do Fogo, São Miguel de Touros, Taipu and Touros, but Maxaranguape, Rio do Fogo, Touros and Pureza have a direct participation in the basin. Basin in study have it lands evaluated according to the agriculturist aptitude by the conventionally methodology practiced in the country, having as objective, then, a compara-tive analysis between the ambient unities, Aeolian littoral and coast tray, identified in the researched area. From the characterization of the physic way of the area in study and owning the kept data, it was proceeded the integrated analysis of the structural elements of the landscape which were evidenced that the fragile areas are associated with the areas of agriculture cultivation, such as the ones of irregular occupation. About the degradation, the ambient diagnostic of the basin indicated that the equivalent to the Aeolian Littoral Ambient Unit correspond to the bigger pledging of the ambient quality, in other words, high ambient fragility, being this result due to the use and occupation of the soil, propitiating this way, vulnerability in the vegetal cover of the area, despite it disposes of a low agriculture cultivation percentage. Already in the Coast Ambient Tray, is emphasized the medium ambient fragility, despite of the high index of cultivated area. In a general way, the total area of the hydrographic basin of Punaú river and adjacent areas presented ambient impacts over the tolerance limit, indicating the necessity of a review of the practices of use and handling of the soil, reforesting of the water courses edges, control of erosion and contamination of the aqueous in the perspective to reduce the effects of the impacts due to the use and occupation of the basin in regard. The present search evaluated the ambient impacts diagnosised in the hydrographic basin of Punaú river and adjacent areas, pointing the causes and the probable consequences of the damages caused by these impacts to the basin ambient. From the analysis of these data, if was possible to become explicit how they are fundamental as key elements in the process of decision taking in the ambient questions

Caracterização estrutural do fator de crescimento de fibroblasto-10 (FGF-10) e seu papel na fisiologia folicular ovariana

Background: Interest in folliculogenesis has grown extensively in recent years. Nevertheless, several aspects of follicular activity are still poorly understood. Thus, in vitro culture of ovarian follicles using new substances has been established as a very viable model, enhancing the prospects for a better understanding of follicular activity. Among the family members of the fibroblast growth factor (FGFs), FGF-10 has received recent attention for its ability to regulate the development of ovarian follicles and oocyte maturation. Given the relevance of FGF-10 in the folliculogenesis process, this review aimed to describe the structural features, expression and the main biological effects of FGF-10 on the development of ovarian follicles in mammals.Review: Along this work, it was shown aspects related to structural characterization of FGF-10 and its receptors, as well as FGF-10 expression in different cell types, emphasizing its importance to follicular development. FGF-10 is a paracrine member of the family of FGFs, and is characterized by promoting biological responses via cell surface receptors (FGFRs) of tyrosine kinase-type. of these receptors, FGFR-1, FGFR-2 and FGFR-3 may undergo alternative transcriptional arrangements, enabling the formation of two isoforms (b and c) that have varying degrees of affinity for the various FGFs. Thus, seven FGFR proteins (FGFRs 1b, 1c, 2b, 2c, 3b, 3c and 4) with different binding specificities are generated from the four FGFR genes. The FGFRs transmit intracellular signals after binding with the ligand through the phosphorylation of tyrosine, which activates various transduction patterns in the cytoplasm. The signal transduction of FGF-10 may occur through three main pathways: protein of rat sarcoma (Ras)/MAPK, PLC gamma/Ca(2+) and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), which are involved in the transmission of biological signals, leading to cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF-10 mRNA expression was detected in the ovarian stroma, oocyte and theca cells of preantral and antral follicles. on the other hand, the expression of mRNA for FGF-10 receptors was found in, granulosa cells, theca cells, cumulus cells and oocytes. Although FGFs are widely distributed in different tissues and cell types, the importance and function of FGFs in the ovary are still poorly documented. FGF-10 has been shown to be an important mediator of mesenchymal and epithelial cell interactions during follicle development, promoting follicular survival, activation and growth. Besides the action on folliculogenesis, FGF-10 was recently identified as a growth factor able to improve oocyte competence. However, in antral follicles, the presence of FGF-10 is associated with increased follicular atresia, which matches its anti-estrogenic action.Discussion: From this review, we can conclude that FGF-10 is an important regulator of female reproduction. This growth factor acts in follicle survival, oocyte maturation, expansion of cumulus cells and proliferation of granulosa/theca cellsthrough direct and/or indirect actions in the control of folliculogenesis. Furthermore, FGF-10 seemed to have different effects throughout the follicular development. However, it is necessary to perform additional studies that may provide a better understanding about the importance of FGF-10 during folicullogenesis.

Caracterização de um isolado do Sugarcane mosaic virus que quebra a resistência de variedades comerciais de cana-de-açúcar

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Caracterização florística e estrutural das florestas naturalmente fragmentadas no Parque Estadual do Guartelá, município de Tibagi, estado do Paraná

A Floresta Ombrófila Mista na região dos Campos Gerais do Paraná é naturalmente fragmentada, ocorrendo em forma de capões ou ao longo dos cursos d'água. Com o objetivo de caracterizar a composição e estrutura destes fragmentos e avaliar as correlações entre a distribuição das espécies e variáveis do solo de tal região, realizou-se um estudo no Parque Estadual do Guartelá, Município de Tibagi (24°39'10S e 50°15'25W). Foram alocadas 50 parcelas de 10x10m, distribuídas em capões de diferentes tamanhos e ao longo da floresta que acompanha o Rio Iapó, amostrando todos os indivíduos com altura > 3m. Foram encontrados um alto número de espécies (140) e uma elevada diversidade (H'=4,10), valores acima daqueles relatados para o domínio da Floresta Ombrófila Mista. As análises da composição e estrutura revelaram uma flora de transição entre a Floresta Ombrófila Mista e a Floresta Estacional Semidecidual, com uma maior similaridade com esta última, possivelmente influenciada pelo clima. Uma análise de correspondência canônica identificou as variáveis textura e acidez como as correlacionadas com a distribuição de abundâncias das espécies, ordenando dois grupos distintos: um formado pelas parcelas distribuídas nos capões, relacionadas fortemente à textura do solo; e outro pelas parcelas alocadas na floresta de galeria, associadas principalmente com a disponibilidade de nutrientes.

Caracterização do Xote e do Baião dançados no interior do Estado de São Paulo

Ballroom dance and Forro are part of Brazilian culture, and Xote and Baiao are part of Forro. The aim of this study was to diagramate the dances Xote and Baiao they are danced inside São Paulo State and to describe rhythmly these movements. It was observed and filmed several college couples dancing Xote and Baiao for analysis and description of the movements of the dances, by a discursive way and by diagrams. It was identified two basic structures ("Lateral Basic Step" and "Forward and Back Basic Step"), and variation steps "Open" and "Change of places with Turn", very used by couples.

Caracterização do gene da proteína capsidial de dois isolados, patologicamente distintos e sorologicamente semelhantes, do Grapevine virus B em videiras no Estado de São Paulo

No presente trabalho, descreve-se a caracterização do gene codificador da proteína capsidial de dois isolados sintomatologicamente distintos do Grapevine virus B (GVB). Para isto, RNA totais foram extraídos de folhas e pecíolos de videiras (Vitis spp.) infetadas, cultivares Rubi (GVB-C SP) e Itália (GVB-I SP) e utilizados para amplificar, por RT/PCR, um fragmento entre as posições 6425 e 7118 (694 nucleotídeos, nt) do RNA do GVB (GenBank, acesso X75448). O fragmento obtido inclui o gene da proteína capsidial (594 nt) codificando 197 aminoácidos com massa molecular estimada em aproximadamente 21.600 Da. A seqüência do GVB-C SP apresentou maior similaridade de nucleotídeos e aminoácidos deduzidos com o isolado italiano (acesso X75448), enquanto que o GVB-I SP foi mais similar a um outro isolado brasileiro do GVB descrito no Rio Grande do Sul (GVB BR1, acesso AF438410). Os dois isolados paulistas do GVB podem ser diferenciados por digestão com a enzima de restrição EcoRI, uma vez que há um sítio interno no GVB-C SP que está ausente no isolado GVB-I SP.

Dose de exposição radiométrica e composição das rochas sedimentares e ígneas na bacia do Rio Corumbataí (SP)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Caracterização química e mineralógica da incrustação em rede de ferro fundido e potencial de recuperação da capacidade hidráulica

The purpose of this work was to characterize chemical and mineralogical the water supply networks and to assess the hydraulic recovery on high-degraded pipe. Thus, the resistance (by pitometric essays), chemical analyses (ICP-MS and ICP-ES), mineralogical analysis (petrographic thin sections, X-ray difractometry and scanning electronic microscopy), hardness (Mohs scale) and simulations for pipe's change and rehabilitations scenarios were investigated (from Scenario 1 to 4). The results showed that the high-degraded pipe had a limited recovery (from 3,9 to 14,0 m(0,367).s(-1)). The deposits were formed by oxide and hydroxide of iron (magnetite and goethite), which are materials of high hardness (6 on Mohs scale). The simulations indicated the required power ratio (C-i/C-1) around 86.00, 1.00 and 0.02% in relation to present scenario.

Substâncias húmicas aquáticas: fracionamento molecular e caracterização de rearranjos internos após complexação com íons metálicos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Classes sucessionais e síndromes de dispersão de espécie arbóreas e arbustivas existentes em vegetação ciliar remanescente (Conchal, SP), como subsídio para avaliar o potencial do fragmento como fonte de propágulos para enriquecimento de áreas revegetadas no Rio Mogi-Guaçu, SP

Este estudo foi realizado em fragmento de vegetação ciliar remanescente, localizado à margem direita do rio Mogi-Guaçu, Município de Conchal, SP, tendo como objetivo a avaliação do potencial desse fragmento como fonte de propágulos para projetos de enriquecimento em áreas ciliares implantadas na região de Mogi-Guaçu, SP. Para tanto, foi realizada a caracterização sucessional e da síndrome de dispersão das espécies arbóreas e arbustivas. No local, foram registradas 99 espécies arbóreas e arbustivas, pertencentes a 38 famílias. As famílias com maior número de espécies foram Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae e Rubiaceae. Quanto aos grupos sucessionais, foi verificado equilíbrio na quantidade de espécies secundárias tardias (28,3%) e daquelas típicas de sub-bosque (23,2%). A síndrome de dispersão predominante entre as espécies arbóreas e arbustivas foi a zoocoria, identificada em 64,6% delas, seguida pela anemocoria, que representou 20,2% dos casos. Os resultados gerais apontaram o bom estado de conservação desse fragmento e a viabilidade de sua utilização como fonte de propágulos para ações de revegetação em áreas ciliares da região.