1000 resultados para Renda - Distribuição - Argentina
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A study of and addicional collection of Argentine ixodidae is made on material send to the Author by Professor Salvador Mazza of Departamento de pathologia do Norte - Jujuy and Professor Doello Jurado of the Museu Rivadavia. There was examined 37 lots of Ixodidae. Among them there were found the nymph of Ixodes auritulus Nn. and 3 other species already known on the South American fauna and from which there was til yet no record in Argentine; they are Ixodes ricinus, Amblyomma parvum and Amblyomma pseudo-concolor.
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1 - A lepra murina foi encontrada na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, em 37 ratos, entre 10.000 examinados, dos quais 32 R. norvegicus, 3 R. alexandrinus e 2 M. musculus. 2 A infecção é mais freqüente em animais adultos (94,6%). 3 O sexo provavelmente não tem influência sobre a infecção. 4 A infecção ganglionar é a mais freqüente; foram observados 25 ratos com esta forma, 9 com a forma músculo-cutânea e 3 com a forma mista.
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Los consorcios han sido una de las novedades más influyentes en la realidad bibliotecaria mundial de los últimos cinco años. Su expansión territorial y en actividades los ha convertido en un fenómeno que ha cambiado profundamente las formas tradicionales de definir los servicios bibliotecarios. El examen atento de las actividades que ha desarrollado el Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Cataluña (CBUC) en el ámbito de las bibliotecas digitales es una muestra de las posibilidades de cooperación existentes en estos inicios del Siglo XXI. El CBUC inició sus actividades de contratación de contenidos digitales en el 1998. Los productos y servicios licenciados se agruparon bajo el nombre de Biblioteca Digital de Catalunya (BDC). La BDC contiene actualmente unas 6.800 revistas-e, 58 BBDD y 4.100 libros-e. De forma bastante paralela en el tiempo nacieron un servidor de sumarios electrónicos de revistas y un servidor de tesis doctorales a texto completo. La evolución de las necesidades de las bibliotecas ha comportado que hoy en el CBUC se tenga la visión de la BDC como un servicio formado de dos grandes partes: a) los productos exteriores sujetos a contratación y accesibles remotamente a través de servicios comerciales, y, b) servidores de aquellos objetos digitales generados en el ámbito del CBUC y que solo pueden ser puestos en la red por nosotros mismos. Para gestionar esta segunda parte de la BDC debemos constituir almacenes o repositorios digitales. Entre las diferentes posibilidades, el CBUC ha optado por crear repositorios institucionales colectivos de diferente tipo según los materiales que contienen. Hasta el momento se han creado tres repositorios: uno para tesis, uno para revistas y uno para literatura gris de investigación. Está previsto crear un cuarto repositorio para imágenes. La ponencia finaliza con los aprendizajes del CBUC en materia de repositorios. El principal es que la mayor dificultad para crearlos no son los elementos tecnológicos sino establecer mecanismos de relación con el profesorado y la universidad para que los diferentes documentos creados de forma electrónica pasen a formar parte de los repositorios institucionales correspondientes.
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t.11 (1881)
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t.23 (1887)
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The author studied, the horizontal and vertical distribution of most common part of the flora and fauna of the bay of Guanabara at Rio de Janeiro. In this paper the eulittoral, poly, meso and oligohaline regions were localised and studied; and the first chart of its distribution was presented (fig. 2). The salinity of superficial waters was established through determinations based on 30 trips inside the buy for collecting biological materials. Some often 409 determinations which were previous reported together with the present ones served for the eleboration of a salinity map of the bay of Guanabara (fig. 1). This map of fig. 2 shows the geographic locations of the water regions. EULITTORAL WATER REGIME Fig. 3 shows the diagram scheme of fauna and flora of this regime. Sea water salinity 34/1.000, density mean 1.027, transparent greenish waters, sea coast with moderate bursting waves. Limpid sea shore with white sand, gneiss with the big barnacle Tetraclita squamosa var. stalactifera (Lam. Pilsbry. Vertical distributions: barna¬cles layers with a green region in which are present the oyster Ostrea pa-rasitica L., the barnacles Tetraclita, Chthamalus, Balanus tintinnabulum var. tintinnabulum (L.) e var. antillensis Pilsbry in connection with several mollusca and the sea beatle Isopoda Lygia sp. Covered by water and exposed to air by the tidal ritms, there is a stratum of brown animals that is the layer of mussels Mytilus perna L., with others brown and chestnut animals : the Crustacea Pachygrapsus, the little crab Porcellana sp., the stone crab Me-nippe nodifrons Stimpson, the sea stars Echinaster brasiliensis (Mull. & Tr.), Astropecten sp. and the sea anemones Actinia sp. Underneath and never visible there is a subtidal region with green tubular algae of genus Codium and amidst its bunches the sea urchin Lycthchinus variegatus (Agass.) walks and more deeply there are numerous sand-dollars Encope emarginata (Leske). The microplancton of this regime is Ceratiumplancton. POLYHALINE WATER REGIMB Water almost sea water, but directly influenced by continental lands, with rock salts dissolved and in suspension. Salinity: 33 to 32/1.000. This waters endure the actions of the popular nicknamed «water of the hill» (as the waters of mesohaline and oligohaline regimes), becoming suddenly reddish during several hours. That pheno¬menon returns several times in the year and come with great mortality of fishes. In these waters, according to Dr. J. G. FARIA there are species of Protozoa : Peridinea, the Glenoidinium trochoideum St., followed by its satellites which he thinks that they are able to secret toxical substances which can slaughter some species of fishes. In these «waters of the hill» was found a species of Copepoda the Charlesia darwini. In August 1946 the west shore of the Guanabara was plenty of killed fishes occupying a area of 8 feet large by 3 nautical miles of lenght. The enclosure for catching fishes in the rivers mouthes presents in these periods mass dead fishes. The phenomenon of «waters of the hill» appears with the first rains after a period of long dryness. MESOHALINE WATER REGIME Fig. 4 shows the the diagramm scheme. Salt or brackish water from 30 to 17/1.000 salinity, sometimes until 10/1.000. Turbid waters with mud in suspension, chestnut, claveyous waters; shore dirty black mud without waving bursting; the waters are warmer and shorner than those of the polihaline regime. Mangrove shore with the mangrove trees : Rhizophora mangle L., Avicennia sp., Laguncularia sp., and the »cotton tree of sea» Hibiscus sp. Fauna: the great land crab «guaimú» Cardisoma guanhumi Latr., ashore in dry firm land. There is the real land crab Ucides cordatus (L.) in wetting mud and in neigh¬ bourhood of the burrows of the fiddler-crabs of genus Uca. On stones and in the roots of the Rhizophora inhabits the brightly colored mangrove-tree-crab («aratu» Portuguese nickname) Goniopsis cruentata (Latreille) and the sparingly the big oyster Ostrea rhizophorae Guild. Lower is the region of barnacles Balanus amphitrite var. communis Darwin and var. niveus Darwin; Balanus tintinnabulum var. tintinnabulum (L.) doesn't grow in this brackish water; lower is the region of Pelecipoda with prepollency of Venus and Cytherea shell-fishes and the Panopeus mud crab; there are the sea lettuce Ulva and the Gastreropod Cerithium. The Paguridae Clibanarius which lives in the empty shells of Gasteropod molluscs, and the sessile ascidians Tethium plicatum (Lesuer) appears in some seasons. In the bottom there is a black argillous mud where the «one landed shrimps» Alpheus sp. is hidden. OLIGOHALINE WATER REGIME The salinity is lower than 10/1.000. average 8/1.000. There are no barnacles and no sea-beetles Isopods of genus Lygia; on the hay of the shore there are several graminea. This brackish water pervades by mouthes of rivers and penetrates until about 3 kilometers river above. While there is some salt dissolved in water, there are some mud crabs of the genus Uca, Sesarma, Metasesarma and Chasmagnatus. The presence of floating green plants coming from the rivers in the waters of a region indicated the oligohaline waters, with low salt content because when the average of NaCl increases above 8/1.000 these plants die and become rusty colored.
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1 - Em São Paulo, cidade da região climatica temperada brasileira, a escarlatina, no período 1940-44, ocorreu mais no outono, com o máximo em junho eo mínimo em outubro; maior o percentual de casos que couberam ao quadrimestre mais frio (junho a setembro) e ao menos chuvoso (maio a agosto), quando comparados com os apostos, que concidiram um com outro (dezembro a março). Nenhuma correlação de significação estatística pôde, porém, ser evidenciada entre variações mensais de incidência da escarlatina e variações, também mensais, de temperatura média e de pluviosodade. 2 - Nas cidades em que, pelo número ponderavel de casos ocorridos de variola, se permitiu qualquer estudo, para o período em apreço (Belém, Rio e S. Paulo), verifica-se, ter dominado a doença, uniformemente, no semestre correspondente ao inverno e primavera austrais e, em as duas, para que houve dados disponiveis de humidade absoluta, no quadrimestre menos humido. Embora com essa restrição, o elemento humidade absoluta pareceu ter maior peso, em face das correlações, de significação estatística, obtidas entre os valores médios mensais (referentes ao mês anterior) e os coeficientes mensais de morbidade pela doença: - 0.38 ± 0.11 e - 0.50 ± 0.10, respectivamente em Belem e no Rio. Com temperatura média, ainda no mês anterior, obtiveram-se correlações negativas para o Rio e S. Paulo (- 0.48 ± 0.10 e - 0.30 ± 0.12). 3 - O sarampo, nas cidades - dp grupo das 7 escolhidas - para que se obtiveram dados (Belem, Recife, Salvador, Rio, Curitiba e Porto Alegre), mostrou-se de maior incidencia no quadrimestre mais fresco do ano, quando comparado com o oposto. Evidenciou-se, ademais, ser nitidamente do inverno, nas duas cidades situadas em zona temperada; e, do trimestre correspondente, em duas outras (Salvador e Rio), justamente, das quatro da região tropical, as que ficam mais distantes do equador. Em todas as cidades trabalhadas, com exceção de Bele, dominou ainda no quadrimestre de menor humidade absoluta, qaundo comparado com o oposto. Ambos os fatores, plausivelmente pois, parecem ter influencia sôbre a incidência do sarampo, que se eleva quando baixam temperatura e humidade absoluta. De fato, obtiveram-se correlações negativas de significação estatistica, entre os coeficientes mensais de morbidade e os valores medios de temperatura mensal no mesmo mês (1) e no anterior (2), em 4 cidades: Recife, - 0.26 ± 0.12 (1); Salvador, - 0.36 ± 0.11 (1) e - 0.45 ± 0.10 (2); Rio, - 0.50 ± 0.10 (1) e - 0.60, sendo t = 5.72 (2); Porto Alegre, - 0.38 ± 0.11 (2). Com os valores medios mensais de humidade absoluta, no mês (1) e no anterior (20 mostrou-se, por outro lado, haver associação reciproca dos referidos coeficientes mensais de morbidade em: Recife, - 0.27 ± 0.12 (1); Salvador, - 0.29 ± 0.12 (1) e - 0.31 ± 0.12 (2); Rio, - 0.53 ± 0.09 (1) e - 0.68, sendo t = 7.08 (2); Porto Alegre, - 0.35 ± 0.12 (2).
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Investigación producida a partir de una estancia en en las ciudades de Buenos Aires (Argentina) y Montevideo (Uruguay)durante los meses de octubre i noviembre del 2005. Se detalla el trabajo de recogida de datos en esta zona para la realización de una tesis doctoral, cuya temática será el estudio histórico del surgimiento y afianzamiento del estado nacional argentino y de la concepción particular de “homogeneidad nacional” establecida en su interior. Se considera que la comparación de esta formación con el estado nacional uruguayo puede ser muy provechosa en el aislamiento de esta particularidad. Para ello, se ha buscado en los archivos locales información relacionada con el grupo específico de los descendientes de esclavos africanos. Estos grupos en ambas ciudades mantenían publicaciones periódicas, cuyo número y cantidad era alto, y que permanecen aún inéditos y sin ser trabajados exhaustivamente por otros investigadores. Por lo tanto, el objetivo principal de la estancia fuera de Cataluña era la continuación del vaciado de fondos de archivo de las ciudades de Buenos Aires (Argentina) y Montevideo (Uruguay) –indispensables para cualquier investigación de corte histórico- y la recopilación de información bibliográfica de trabajos científicos locales. Asimismo, se han realizado de entrevistas a historiadores y expertos en el tema en investigación, como así a descendientes de esclavos del Río de la Plata. Este viaje ha permitido ampliar la base material que sustentará la tesis doctoral con fuentes específicas e inéditas, que no han sido trabajadas hasta el momento.
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O Autor apresenta o resultado de um inquérito sôbre a distribuição geográfica de Triatomídeos em Minas Gerais e sua infecção pelo Schizotrypanum cruzi. O levantamento foi iniciado em 1946 com a colaboração dos destacamentos militares distribuídos por todos os municípios do Estado. Dos 388 municípios em que se divide o Estado de Minas, recebeu triatomas de 155 (39,94%) sendo que em 94 encontrou exemplares infectados pelo S. cruzi (60,64% dos municípios com triatomas). Dos 155 municípios recebeu o Autor um total de 21 159 triatomas sendo que 14 978 eram T. infestans (70,78%), 4 589 eram P. megistus (21,68%) e 1 547 eram T. sordida (7,31%). As outras espécies (P. geniculatus, P. diasi, T. arthurneivai, T. maculata e Ps. coreodes) constituíram sòmente 0,21% do material reunido. Foram examinados 8 422 T. infestans para a pesquiza do S. cruzi nas dejeções; 27,59% estavam infectados. O P. megistus (626 insetos examinados) e o T. sordida (57 insetos examinados) deram, respectivamente, 27,12 e 7,49% de positividade.
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The localization of the xanthine oxidase (X.O.) and xanthine dehydrogenase (X.D.) activities in rat liver have been studied using separation of cytoplasmic particles into fractions by differential centrifugation. The results clearly demonstrate that practically all the enzymic activity is present in the supernatant fluid corresponding to the cell sap containing the soluble proteins of the cell. No activity could be detected for the nuclear, mitocondrial and microsomal fractions. The enzymatic activity of the mixture of the four factions was 102 per cent of that of the original homogenate. The distribution of the xanthine dehydrogenase in the protein fractions of the rat serum was accomplished in preliminary experiments by means of 50% ammonium sulphate precipitation and subsequent dialysis against water. All enzymatic activity was confined to the globulin fractions of the serum. Paper electrophoresis was performed and the protein and lipoprotein fractions determined. A method for the localization of the X.D. activity in the protein fractions separated by paper electrophoresis was developed. The results obtained suggest that xanthine dehydrogenase is localized in the globulin fractions possessing mobilities of [alpha 1], [beta] and [gamma] globulins and are probably bound to the lipoproteins.
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The present work is part of the studies realized under the authority of the National Service of Malaria (Brazil), with the collaboration of scientists of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute, in some forests of the southern part of Brazil.This is the first of a series and its subject is the development of the Anopheles mosquitoes of the kerteszia in water collected in Bromeliaceae leaves. The ecology of Bromeliaceae was studied in a previous work. The botanical material was classified by specialists from several botanical institutions from Europe and the United States of America. The most important ecological relations of the bromeliad-kerteszia problem were presented through four indices: 1st Positivity index Relative frequency of bromeliad with watery forms in the bromeliad examined. 2nd Larval index Mean number of watery forms in the positive bromeliad. 3rd Ovoposition index Product of the Positivy index by the Larval index. 4th MK index Product of the Ovoposition index by the total number of bromeliad, positive or not, in a unity of area (1.000 m²). The capture of flying forms in relation to the relative humidity was also studied. From the several forests of the Brusque region we have selected one community of each type, which were the most representative forests in Southern Brazil. Conclusions on the bromeliad-kerteszia problem From a general point of view only a few factors are really important and these are listed below: 1°) The volum of water on the bromeliad. 2°) The level where the bromeliad is fixed. 3°) The number of bromeliad in unity of area. The distribution of microclimas in the forest through the considered levels has a direct influence on the species of subgenus Kerteszia (qualitative influence) and an indirect influence through the ecological distribution of the more frequent bromeliad with best qualities as biotope for the watery forms (qualitative influence). The MK index is roughly proportional to the square of half the total number of Bromeliaceae in a certain type of forest. Then the MK index would be a certain function of the ecological type of the forest and of the total number of bromeliad in a unity of area. MK approximately α x (x/10)² . x = n° of bromeliad in a unity of área (1.000 m²); α = qualitative factor. It would be interesting to see if this proportion is maintained when we have examined a greater number of forests of different types.
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Aus dem Vorhergehenden ergibt sich, dass das Problem "Bromeliaceen-Kerteszia" hinsichtlich des Bodenreliefs in vier Punkten zusammengefasst werden kann: 1- Zone des Vorkommens von Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii; das sind die Kontinentalebenen der Niederung des Itapocú im Norden der Region und der des Araranguá im Sueden. Dazu kommen die benachbarten Streifen einschliesslich der Abhaenge der Serra do Mar. 2 - Zone des Vorkommens von Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii und bellator; das sind die quartaeren Ebenen mariner Sedimente (Restingas). 3 - Zone des Vorkommens von Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii, bellator und homunculus; das ist das stark vertikal aufgeteilte Relief der parallel zueinander in EW-Richtung verlaufenden Gebirgszuege. 4 - Zone des Vorkommens von Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii und homunculus; das sind die Abhaenge der Gebirgsraender des kristalinen Hochlandes, die tief durch die zum Meer gerichteten Fluesse zerschnitten sind. Ebenfalls erbigt sich, dass in den vier Zonen die Art Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii einen gleichbleibenden Prozentsatz an Larven aufweist, woraus hervorgeht: 1 - Die Art besitzt keine bevorzugte Wohnstaette, in Bezug aur die Eiablage, in der zur Frage stehenden biogeographischen Region. 2- Die grossen Differenzen bezueglich des Prozentsatzes an positiven Brutstaetten in den bearbeiteten Gebieten haengt nicht von dem groesseren oder geringeren vorkommen der entspreschenden Art im biotop ab, sondern von den Wohnstaetten, die fuer das Leben der Arten Anopheles (Kerteszia) bellator und homunculus geeignet sind. Des weiteren ersieht man, dass, im allgemeinen gesehen, eine Abnahmees der Positivitaet der Brutstaetten in der EW-Richtung besteht, dagegen ist die Verringerung in der NS-Richtung weininger akzentuiert.