Noves aportacions sobre agricultura i alimentació durant la primera edat del ferro a Catalunya: dades de l'assentament de Sant Jaume/Mas d'en Serrà (Alcanar, Montsià)

Els resultats de l'estudi arqueobotànic realitzat sobre diferents àmbits de l'assentament de Sant Jaume aporta noves dades al coneixement de la gestió dels recursos vegetals de la protohistòria del nordest peninsular. El registre arqueològic constata una certa homogeneïtzació en la funcionalitat dels àmbits, que s'interpreten com a magatzems en el pis superior i espais d'estabulació a l'inferior. L'àmbit millor representat és l'A4, que conserva com a fet singular un elevat nombre de restes de llavors i fruits amb molt bon estat de conservació. Els tàxons conreats més importants són la pisana (Triticum dicoccum) i les guixes i guixols (Lathyrus sativus i Lathyrus cicera), seguits d¿una menor proporció d'ordi vestit (Hordeum vulgare), blat nu (comú/dur) (Triticum aestivum/durum), pèsol (Pisum sativum), llentia (Lens culinaris) i erb (Vicia ervilia). D'altra banda, el registre arqueobotànic del pis inferior de l'àmbit A4 sembla posar en evidència la presència de l¿associació de pisana i guixa, destinada a l'alim.

Issue review : state of Iowa full-time-equivalent positions and personnel costs.

This issue review provides background on the establishment of full-time-equivalent, or FTE, positions and examines how FTE positions are used in the state's budgeting process. This issue review also provides historical information regarding FTE positions and personnel costs and the current status and outlook of FTE positions and salary expenditures for fiscal year 2011. In addition, this issue review outlines the new requirements included in Senate File 2088, Government Reorganization Efficiency Act, that will impact FTE levels and expenditure of salary dollars for fiscal 2011.

Politique cantonale vieillissement et santé : rapport du comité d'experts transmis à Monsieur le Conseiller d'Etat Pierre-Yves Maillard le 8 décembre 2011

Notre système de soins vaudois propose de nombreuses prestations de qualité aux personnes âgées. Le canton a été pionnier pour la mise en oeuvre de nombreuses initiatives : aide et soins à domicile, centres de traitements et de réadaptation, unités d'accueil temporaires, bureaux régionaux d'information et d'orientation. Autant de réalisations qui, preuve de leur intérêt, ont largement diffusé au-delà des frontières cantonales. Néanmoins, le vieillissement de la population vaudoise impose d'évaluer ce qui doit être entrepris pour adapter et consolider ces prestations afin de faire face le mieux possible aux formidables enjeux sanitaires liés à ce vieillissement. Ensuite, ces enjeux nécessitent aussi d'imaginer. Imaginer de nouvelles structures, de nouvelles missions, de nouvelles prestations et pratiques. Certaines mesures proposées visent le court terme et sont rapidement réalisables. D'autres nécessitent de modifier notre culture sanitaire, un défi qui demande du temps. Nous souhaitons, dans la politique proposée, initier ce processus dynamique. L'année 2012 marque symboliquement l'entrée en retraite des premiers baby-boomers et annonce la vague démographique qui culminera en 2030 déjà, lorsque un vaudois sur cinq aura plus de 65 ans. La politique "Vieillissement et Santé" proposée ici n'est pas figée. Si ce rapport a pour ambition d'être un outil de référence pour la communauté sanitaire, il ne représente qu'une étape dans les réflexions sur la santé et les soins aux aînés que le canton conduit depuis longtemps, et devra continuer à conduire. La politique qui y est décrite devra être périodiquement évaluée et adaptée. [Auteurs]

Preserving the health of ambulance personnel : some preliminary results from a study of pre-hospital emergency interventions

Little is known about the health of ambulance personnel, especially in Switzerland. This lack of knowledge is particularly striking in the specific field of occupational health. This study aims to identify and better understand protective and risk factors affecting the health of ambulance personnel. Both mental and physical health are considered. The approach used comprised two steps. The first step began in July 2008 and consisted in a qualitative study of real work activities performed by ambulance crews involved in pre-hospital emergency interventions. Researchers shadowed ambulance personnel for the duration of their entire work shift, in average for one week. The paper-pen technique was used to note dialogues, interactions, postural aspects, etc. When the situation allowed it, interventions were filmed. Some selected video sequences were used as a support for selfconfrontation interviews. Observations were performed by three researchers and took place in eleven services, for a total of 416 hours of observations (including 72 interventions + waiting time). Analysis, conducted by a multidisciplinary team (an ergonomist, an occupational therapist and a health psychologist), focused on individual and collective strategies used by ambulance personnel to protect their health. The second step, which is currently ongoing, aims to assess global health of ambulance personnel. A questionnaire is used to gather information about musculoskeletal complaints (Nordic questionnaire), mental health (GHQ-12), stress (Effort-Reward imbalance questionnaire), strategies implemented to cope with stress (Brief COPE), and working conditions. Specific items on strategies were developed based on observational data. It will be sent to all ambulance personnel employed in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. Preliminary analyses show different types of strategies used by ambulance personnel to preserve their health. These strategies involve postural aspects (e.g. use doorframe as a support to ease delicate manipulations), work environment adaptations (e.g. move furniture to avoid awkward postures), coping strategies (e.g. humor), as well as organisational (e.g. formal and informal debriefing) and collective (e.g. cooperation) mechanisms. In-depth analysis is still ongoing. However, patient safety and comfort, work environment and available resources appear to influence the choice of strategies ambulance personnel use. As far as possible, the strategies identified will be transformed into educational materials for professional ambulance personnel.

Causes de l'abandonament de l'esport competitiu en noies adolescents de Sant Carles de la Ràpita

El present estudi s’emmarca en una investigació duta a terme amb noies d’entre 15 i 30 anys de Sant Carles de la Ràpita sobre els hàbits de la pràctica esportiva. L’objectiu ha estat estudiar els diferents motius que afavoreixen l’abandonament esportiu en noies adolescents, així com detectar si el síndrome burnout és una causa d’abandonament rellevant en les joves esportistes. Per a això s’han analitzat 36 noies de diferents modalitats esportives a través d’un qüestionari de Garcés de los Fayos (1999), que hem adaptat a les necessitats de l’estudi. Els resultats obtinguts demostren que els principals motius d’abandonament esportiu són els estudis i la falta de temps, tot i que curiosament s’han trobat casos en els quals la motivació per part de l’entrenador/a, el recolzament de la família i les lesions n’han estat les causes. Pel que fa al burnout, s’ha detectat un cas aïllat, però s’ha de destacar que el 50% en pateixen alguns símptomes.

La PMU au carrefour des nouveaux chemins du système de santé [Redesigning Swiss ambulatory health care system].

Primary care medicine is first in line to meet the necessary changes in our health care system. Innovations in this field pursue three types of objectives: accessibility, quality and continuity of care. The Department of ambulatory care and community medicine of the University of Lausanne (Policlinique médicale universitaire) is committed to this path, emphasizing interprofessional collaboration. The doctor, nurse and medical assistant coordinate their activities to contribute efficiently to meet the needs of patients today and tomorrow. This paper also addresses how our department, as a public and academic institution, might play a major role as a health care network actor. A master degree dissertation in health management has started to identify the critical success factors and the strategic core competencies needed to achieve this development.

Issue review : state of Iowa fiscal year 2011 FTE positions and personnel costs.

This issue review provides updated information on an issue review published in December 2010, concerning the full-time-equivalent, or FTE, positions in state government. The background information provides a general explanation and understanding of the various aspects of FTE positions. This issue review includes year-end FTE and salary data for fiscal year 2011 and compares the data to prior years.

La "bientraitance", exploration du concept et essai d'utilisation en santé publique: une expérience à Fribourg (Suisse). ["Bientraitance": conceptual exploration and an example of its application in public health: an experience from Fribourg, Switzerland]

Since the year 2000, the concept of "bientraitance" (for which no equivalent term has yet emerged in either the English or German language) has gained widespread credence among educators, sociologists and health professionals in France and Belgium. This concept emphasizes a constructive approach to care and education rather than merely one of prevention of disasters. Applied in public health, and in particular to mental health promotion, the use of the concept of "bientraitance" can help promote both effectiveness and meaning in the design and planning of community interventions. The article presents an example of an intervention for children and adolescents in Fribourg, Switzerland. The underpinning hypothesis is that the children and youth groups (such as sports clubs, artistic and cultural associations, scouts and guides) represent largely untapped, or under-tapped, informal health resources with a favourable cost-effectiveness profile. "Bientraitance" criteria are used in selecting certain associations offering structured extracurricular group educational activities and collective out-of-school (or after school) programmes. Support is provided to the organisations selected for recruiting new members, in particular those with potentially lower levels of access, for example disabled children or new migrants. The results will be evaluated for the impact of participation in various out-of-school activities on health and health determinants from a prospective and comparative perspective. This paper shows how the concept of "bientraitance" can be useful in the development of a public health intervention.