Analise de defeitos em motores através de vibração mecânica: estudo de caso

Revolving machines are among the most used equipment in general industry and therefore expenditures on this equipment class are a significant portion of the total amount spent by the company. If there is an unscheduled stop of some of this equipment, industrial plants can lose huge amounts of money caused by interrupted production and parts delay. Others may increase significantly maintenance costs due to consequences elsewhere not affected before. Even plant and people safety can be in danger if there is an operation interruption without a backup system start. This work is focused on a rotating system case study which is monitored by vibration analysis that shows that is possible to determine when is the most appropriate time for equipment intervention without any reliability loss just by using a simple and cheap system which is not much used because professionals are not aware to its utility. Industrial facilities were evaluated by fail detection and historical analysis in some equipment in order to show feasibility of vibration analysis through a before-during-after process. The plant evaluated is part of a chemical multinational located in Guaratinguetá-SP. At this time, that plant had around 650 critical equipment monthly monitored and no unscheduled shutdown was registered in one year period due to equipment monitoring

Ensaio de ligações de estruturas de madeira por chapas com dentes estampados em quatro espécies da família leguminosas

In the last years, the use of industrialized systems of lattice structures of wood as an alternative in the construction processes, is becoming more popular in Brazil, mainly for their commitment to the environment.The industrialized system of wooden lattice structures consists in a production of lattice structures, composed of pieces of wood where their mechanical connections are made with the sheet multi-toothed connectors (CDE).Among the many challenges to make this system competitive, the whole system of the connections between the pieces of wood not only must show functionality, but also speed, strength, versatility and economy. Referenced at Brazilian Standard for Wood Structures (NBR 7190/1997 - Project of timber structures) the sheet multi-toothed connectors, are analyzed using three test methods: tensile strength parallel to grain, tensile strength normal to the fibers and shear strength, all of them in two positions, αCH0=0o e αCH0=90o to four types of wood: Angelim (Vatairea heteroptera Ducke); Red-Angico (Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth) Brenae); Garapa (Apuleia leiocarpa (Vog.) Macbr) and Jatoba (Hymenaea stilbocarpa Hayne), belonging to the Leguminosae family and founded in several regions of Brazil.The purpose of this manuscript consists to analyze the mechanical connections with the sheet multi-toothed connectors through tests from NBR7190/1997

Análise da troca de calor em sistemas de injeção de termoplásticos – um estudo de caso: polipropileno

The purpose of this work was to define the processes through which the cooling of thermoplastics parts occur inside the mold cavity in an injection process. The plastic materials have become more widespread in the automobile industry and, among its manufacturing processes, injection moulding develops quickly, allowing the manufacturing of quality parts in great volumes. Data was collected from the injection of Volkswagen Gol NF 23X (Gol Generation 5). Using approximated methods for calculation for the heat Exchange inside the mould, in the cooling system, the required water flow was determined to properly cool the parts. Comparing the obtained value with Project specifications, it was verified that the method, in spite of incurring in some mistakes, is efficient in determining the flow of cooling fluid and serves as a verification tool for the parameters defined on project, and can be applied to simple projects. The definition of the cooling system, in practice, is dependent on innumerable variables and each case must be approached in itself, since the parameters for one product may not be ideal for another

Entre o convencer e vencer: estudo sobre as relações entre políticas de subjetivação e ideologia

Neste estudo desenvolvemos uma análise das relações entre a ideologia e as políticas de subjetivação na sociedade moderna através do rastreamento de marcas discursivas em peças publicitárias próprias das práticas de governo vinculadas ao autoritarismo. O corpus da pesquisa se delimita no diálogo com os registros que chegaram até nós por meio dos esforços de Victor Klempere, em seu livro “A linguagem do terceiro Reich”. Este autor nos coloca em contato com propagandas utilizadas na imprensa escrita e falada. Por meio da Análise do Discurso discutimos o sentido de “convencer”, enquanto recurso de argumentação e cartografamos os recursos simbólicos utilizados nas estratégias de “vencer” sobre o público alvo das propagandas políticas. Queremos observar as marcas dos processos de subjetivação que acompanham os deslizamentos das práticas políticas de convencimento para o exercício da violência concentrada nos termos daquilo que se expressou como um ato de “vencer” pela força física. Que processos de subjetivação se consolidam sob o jugo da força colocada em exercício por formas autoritárias de governos sobre os cidadãos? Como estas marcas reverberam em nossos corpos e limitam as possibilidades de expressão da vida? Estas são as nossas perguntas que nos acompanharam nas leituras, no trabalho do pensamento e da escrita.

Efeito da variação da velocidade de corte e de avanço no torneamento de Eucalipto

Due to the rapid development of some species such as pine and eucalyptus and a growing demand for raw materials, timber, there was a need for detailed studies to better use and higher quality in products derived from wood. In order to contribute to to better utilization of wood ,this study aims to analyze the quality of the wood surface after machining Corymbia citrodora around, with varying feed rates (40, 70, 100 mm/mim), shear rate (1.88, 2.19, 2.51 m/s) and with the use of inserts for turning new and used (cemented carbide). 18 were used bodies and each body was made three different assays for each test were a total of 54 tests three replicates. This study will also addres the analysis of power consumption for each of the tests. With the results obtained through experiments, including the surface roughness of parts and power consumption for each test, we try to evaluate the power consumption in machining with the variations in cutting speed and feed, with two tools carbide

Um Estudo de caso sobre a fabricação de engrenagens

Human evolution has always been linked to personal or group needs. This statement is based on observations of the day to day. With time, we can now choose from among many excellent techniques and materials that can be employed in the construction of this part of the machinery so important to the functionality of machines and equipment. When we look at a machine, we see that this is usually designed by combining a set of pre-determined in your project. Among the many pieces that we can highlight one of them is of fundamental importance, the gear. Gears are an example of the mechanical devices used by the older man, and are currently the most important components in the transmission technique. This is responsible for transmitting rotary motion from one shaft to another. Gears are one of the best among the various means available for the transmission of motion. Gears are the most important components of modern technique of transmission. The main purpose of a transmission gear is precisely transmit torque and speed. The requirements have increased significantly due to pollution and energy conservation. Nowadays, gear transmissions are required to transmit high strength through all his life together with the high demand on performance and sound properties. An optimal design for the gear you need a set of the most modern fabrication machines and cutting tools. In the following work is studied on the manufacture of gears, making the monitoring of a case study of the try out the installation of a gear grinding machine

Diagnóstico dos resíduos gerados nas oficinas mecânicas de veículos automotivos do município de São Carlos-SP

The mechanical garages do varied types to activities related to the reparation from vehicles such as change from Motor oil, change and cleaning from car pieces, motor rectification, among others. These activities generate different kinds of waste and wastewater that when disposed in an inappropriate way can pollute the environmentand cause risks to the public health. Despite the environmental issues that involves these enterprises, they aren´t object of environmental licensing and there are any rules that regularizes their activities with the goal of these possible environmental impacts mitigation. The environmental diagnosis proposed by the present work has as goal the knowledge of the possible environmental aspects and their effects in the environment, for establishing control measures and from that to generate subsidy for environmental normatization of the sector in the municipal level. Furthermore, it should also define practices as waste production reduction, separation of them at the generator source and convenient final disposal, as well as wastewater production reduction and treatment of them before its launching in the wastewater network. The environmental diagnosis was based on a survey realized in garages from the city of São Carlos – SP, in order to define the more important characteristics of this activity that are related to the environment and public health. From the obtained information from the survey and the interpretation of the data, subsidy for the municipal environment management of the mechanical garages were generated.

Cryptotermes brevis (Isoptera, Kalotermitidae): biologia e polimorfismo de imaturos

Cryptotermes brevis (Walker, 1853) é um cupim de madeira seca exótico no Brasil, pertencente a família Kalotermitidae e que possui uma distribuição geográfica bastante ampla, sendo encontrada somente em ambientes sinantrópicos. Esta espécie de cupim de madeira seca vive dentro de pedaços de madeira onde escava suas galerias por meio da alimentação. Estes insetos se alimentam do próprio ninho onde vivem e sua infestação é percebida pela formação de grânulos fecais sólidos que são expulsos de peças de madeira infestadas. Dessa forma, C. brevis causa grandes danos econômicos em áreas urbanas, infestando peças de mobiliários manufaturados pelo homem e estruturas de madeira como batentes, forros, rodapés, etc. Em uma colônia de cupins de madeira seca existem castas morfofisiologicamente diferentes, as quais realizam tarefas distintas. Entre elas estão as castas ápteras (soldados e falsos operários), e os reprodutores (rei e rainha). A maioria das castas de cupins são cegas e exibem comportamentos característicos que são utilizados na comunicação entre eles, como por exemplo trofalaxia estomodeal e proctodeal, “grooming”, antenação, “butting”, etc. Devido ao reduzido conhecimento da biologia dessa importante praga urbana, o presente trabalho objetivou elucidar as aspectos da biologia e do polimorfismo de imaturos nesta espécie de cupim. Para entender o polimorfismo de larvas e ninfas foi realizado um estudo biométrico em que mensurou-se a largura da cabeça e do pronoto e o comprimento do broto alar e da tíbia. Os resultados obtidos mostraram três ínstares larvais e quatro ínstares ninfas. Adicionalmente, foram iniciadas colônias que foram abrigadas em diferentes volumes (300 cm3 e 150 cm3) e tipos de madeira. Estas colônias incipientes de laboratório foram abertas após seis meses e mostraram uma média de 5 indivíduos por colônia... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Desempenho estrutural de vigas em madeira laminada colada armada

The objective of the present work was to evaluate Pinus’ glued laminated timber (glulam) beams and steel reinforced glulam beams, using PU mono-component adhesive in lamination step and epoxy adhesive to bond steel bars. The mechanical performance was verified through bending test, and the adopted method based on homogenized section, to considerate the differences between wood and steel mechanical properties. The homogenization section method proved itself effective in obtaining the stiffness of the parts in MLCA. The stiffness of reinforced beams increased 91% in comparison with glulam beams, differing only 5.5 % from value of stiffness calculated

Proposta de conector para ensaios de ligações CDE submetidas à tração perpendicular as fibras em madeira de pinus

The growth of urban population associated with the shortage of supply of public infrastructure such as hospitals, kindergartens, schools, among others, has reinforced the need to develop alternative methods that simplify the construction processes and allows for a reduction in these costs works. The conventional processes have increasingly been shown ineffective to solve the problem of demand for different types of urban and rural buildings. Given this fact, industrial construction processes can gain space and have proven to be highly interesting to solve the above problems, in particular, considering the cost-effective and time. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the influence of moisture on the strength of metal plate connections connectors (printed plate with teeth). For the sizing of the links between structural lumber using metal connectors with teeth prints; controlled process variables (drying of the wood and the different moisture contents), and finally found results and compare them with different literatures order to obtain a qualitative efficiency of the process. Some specimens had very low expectations, can be explained by the presence of bone marrow, and pre-existing cracks. Thus, the results were discarded for further analysis and more accurate results

Projeto, desenvolvimento e construção de um redutor/multiplicador de velocidades de baixo custo

This paper aims to present the design, development and construction of a reducer / multiplier speeds low cost, sturdy and easy operation. The beginning of the project was given to research on issues related to mechanisms and machine elements, and these theories of fundamental importance in the development of items of equipment which, together with the aid of AutoCAD software, enabled the construction of it. Parallel to the sizing of equipment, were also investigated and taken into account the costs of materials used in the project. Made to mount the reducer / multiplier speeds it was at the evidence through experiments involving the use of torque wrench, tachometer and weights, getting proven applicability in situations that are small or medium loads required

Anatomia floral de espécies de Bulbophyllum sect. Micranthae (Orchidaceae, Asparagales)

Bulbophyllum, which comprises 1876 species, is considered the second largest genus of angiosperms, with a pantropical distribution. The morphological and anatomical floral studies in the genus are incipient, with data restricted to the gynostemium and lip of some species. Based on molecular data, six sections were recognized within Bulbophyllum at the Neotropics, amongst them Bulbophyllum sect. Micranthae, which comprises 12 species distributed in central South America. We aimed to study the floral anatomy of six species of Bulbophyllum sect. Micranthae, in order to determine useful characters to differentiate them and contribute to the anatomical characterization of the section as a whole. Floral anatomy was assessed through usual techniques of light microscopy. The data found here for B. adiamantinum, B. chloroglossum, B. epiphytum, B. mentosum, B. micranthum and B. rupicolum allowed to identificate the presence of glandular trichomes and the possible presence of a secretory region on the lip, which might produce substances used as a reward to pollinators. The most significant anatomical characters to the species characterization were the shape and ornamentation of the outer periclinal walls of the epidermal cells, as well as the number of vascular bundles in dorsal and lateral sepals and at the lip. The data also allowed the differentiation between B. epiphytum and B. rupicolum, species very similar in morphology and phylogenetically related. Besides that, the data also allowed the discussion regarding the maintenance of B. mentosum within the section: although its inclusion is supported by molecular studies, the anatomical data here presented shows greater differences compared to the other species, not supporting its maintenance in Bulbophyllum sect. Micranthae

Aspectos formais da trilha musical de Yasunori Mitsuda para o game Chrono Cross e sua interação com o enredo

This work has the aim of evince compositional tools used in the development of musical scores for role-playing videogames through the analysis of Yasunori Mitsuda’s music for Chrono Cross (1999). This research is divided in two main parts: the first traces a historic path of the RPG genre on videogame consoles, since its birth as a tabletop game in the decade of 1970 until its consolidation on 3D game machines released in the 1990’s. The focus of this historical study concentrates on the aesthetics of this kind of game and on the multiple relations it settles with sound throughout the years. The second part is an analytical work on an assortment of pieces by Mitsuda for the aforementioned game, bringing up the most interesting aspects of the connections established between these compositions and the whole game.

Negócio de artesão: empreendendo no artesanato pessoal

Negócio de Artesão: Empreendendo no Artesanato Pessoal is a blog about entrepreneurship for craftspeople. The present work comes to help in the formation of the artisan, bringing material for study on business, experts and organizations who understand the subject show up to talk about several topics in a simple, concise and relaxed way. Moreover, we also want to tell the story of people who already undertake projects, and supplement their income by selling products they make, humanizing the testimonies. The overall goal is to generate interest for the entrepreneurial activity in people who do handcrafts or who want to start doing it. Thus, people who once used to handcraft just as a hobby can now find a way to supplement their income. The specific goals are: to encourage people to think of a business of their own; stimulate the creative industries through the blog; contribute to the formalization of the artisan; stimulate the exchange of knowledge among artisans; to spread the work of artisans. The methodology used for this project was exploratory research, using bibliographical and desk research, in addition to interviewing and direct and indirect documentary techniques. The method used was the deductive approach, as the methods of procedure used were the historical and comparative ones. As a result, we have the blog named Negócio de Artesão, which can be used both to inform the reader about how he can conceive their enterprise and to be able to make money from their work

Estudo da influência da aplicação do fluido de corte no torneamento da liga de alumínio AA7075

One of the ways to minimize the effects of unproductive time caused by tool wear can be achieved by introducing an efficient system of lubrication and cooling in the process. However, in the last decade the research had the goal to restrict the maximum use of refrigerants and / or lubricants in metal-mechanical production. The important factors that justify this procedure include the operational costs of production, ecological issues, and the legal requirements of environmental conservation and preservation of human health. The purpose of the proposed work is the study of machining by turning with the focus on the influence caused by the application of cutting fluid in several ways of application (abundant and MQF) and also by comparing the results obtained by machining without the presence of fluid . For this purpose, the turning tests are conducted using an aluminum alloy (AA 7075). The response variables to be analyzed were obtained from the roughness (Ra and Ry), the stresses presented (VB) and their progression in relation to the cutting length achieved, the type of chip formed, in addition to changes in the degree of finish (roughness) presented by the turned parts. The results of this study should provide more detailed information about the actual influence of cutting fluids in turning this alloy, which are characterized by high rates of deformation when the formation of damaging your chip machining and also the quality of surface generated. Therefore, it is expected to provide subsidies to promote the optimization of machining this alloy making the most of the role of cutting fluid