BIMP: A real-time biological model of multi-scale keypoint detection in V1

We present an improved, biologically inspired and multiscale keypoint operator. Models of single- and double-stopped hypercomplex cells in area V1 of the mammalian visual cortex are used to detect stable points of high complexity at multiple scales. Keypoints represent line and edge crossings, junctions and terminations at fine scales, and blobs at coarse scales. They are detected by applying first and second derivatives to responses of complex cells in combination with two inhibition schemes to suppress responses along lines and edges. A number of optimisations make our new algorithm much faster than previous biologically inspired models, achieving real-time performance on modern GPUs and competitive speeds on CPUs. In this paper we show that the keypoints exhibit state-of-the-art repeatability in standardised benchmarks, often yielding best-in-class performance. This makes them interesting both in biological models and as a useful detector in practice. We also show that keypoints can be used as a data selection step, significantly reducing the complexity in state-of-the-art object categorisation. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Object segregation and local gist vision using low-level geometry

Multi-scale representations of lines, edges and keypoints on the basis of simple, complex and end-stopped cells can be used for object categorisation and recognition (Rodrigues and du Buf, 2009 BioSystems 95 206-226). These representations are complemented by saliency maps of colour, texture, disparity and motion information, which also serve to model extremely fast gist vision in parallel with object segregation. We present a low-level geometry model based on a single type of self-adjusting grouping cell, with a circular array of dendrites connected to edge cells located at several angles.

A identidade social : trajectória de um discurso ideológico em José Saramago e Miguel Otero Silva

Tese de doutoramento, Estudos de Literatura e de Cultura (Estudos Comparatistas), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2014

Gene Network Inference using Machine Learning and Graph Algorithms on Big Biomedical Data

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-03

Miniaturised sharp rejection bandpass filter with reconfigurable bandwidth for UWB applications

A novel, compact and highly selective microstrip bandpass filter with bandwidth reconfigurability for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications is presented. The proposed design uses stepped impedance resonator (SIR) for realization of bandpass filter (BPF) and employs a single varactor diode (BB135-NXP) for the purpose of reconfiguring bandwidth. Additionally, to improve the selectivity between passband edges, a cross-coupling between I/O feed lines is introduced which generated pairs of attenuation poles at each side of the passband. Measurements on a fabricated reconfigurable filter confirm the accuracy of the design procedure. Measured responses show good agreement with simulation. The proposed filter is able to achieve significant size reduction (8.5 mm × 7.1 mm excluding the feeding ports) as compared to the conventional bandpass filters with reconfigurable bandwidth.

Detailed phenotypic and genotypic characterization of bietti crystalline dystrophy

OBJECTIVE: To provide a detailed phenotype/genotype characterization of Bietti crystalline dystrophy (BCD). DESIGN: Observational case series. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty patients from 17 families recruited from a multiethnic British population. METHODS: Patients underwent color fundus photography, near-infrared (NIR) imaging, fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and electroretinogram (ERG) assessment. The gene CYP4V2 was sequenced. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical, imaging, electrophysiologic, and molecular genetics findings. RESULTS: Patients ranged in age from 19 to 72 years (median, 40 years), with a visual acuity of 6/5 to perception of light (median, 6/12). There was wide intrafamilial and interfamilial variability in clinical severity. The FAF imaging showed well-defined areas of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) loss that corresponded on SD-OCT to well-demarcated areas of outer retinal atrophy. Retinal crystals were not evident on FAF imaging and were best visualized with NIR imaging. Spectral domain OCT showed them to be principally located on or in the RPE/Bruch's membrane complex. Disappearance of the crystals, revealed by serial recording, was associated with severe disruption and thinning of the RPE/Bruch's membrane complex. Cases with extensive RPE degeneration (N = 5) had ERGs consistent with generalized rod and cone dysfunction, but those with more focal RPE atrophy showed amplitude reduction without delay (N = 3), consistent with restricted loss of function, or that was normal (N = 2). Likely disease-causing variants were identified in 34 chromosomes from 17 families. Seven were novel, including p.Met66Arg, found in all 11 patients from 8 families of South Asian descent. This mutation appears to be associated with earlier onset (median age, 30 years) compared with other substitutions (median age, 41 years). Deletions of exon 7 were associated with more severe disease. CONCLUSIONS: The phenotype is highly variable. Several novel variants are reported, including a highly prevalent substitution in patients of South Asian descent that is associated with earlier-onset disease. Autofluorescence showed sharply demarcated areas of RPE loss that coincided with abrupt edges of outer retinal atrophy on SD-OCT; crystals were generally situated on or in the RPE/Bruch's complex but could disappear over time with associated RPE disruption. These results support a role for the RPE in disease pathogenesis.

Statistical classification of road pavements using near field vehicle rolling noise measurements

Low noise surfaces have been increasingly considered as a viable and cost-effective alternative to acoustical barriers. However, road planners and administrators frequently lack information on the correlation between the type of road surface and the resulting noise emission profile. To address this problem, a method to identify and classify different types of road pavements was developed, whereby near field road noise is analyzed using statistical learning methods. The vehicle rolling sound signal near the tires and close to the road surface was acquired by two microphones in a special arrangement which implements the Close-Proximity method. A set of features, characterizing the properties of the road pavement, was extracted from the corresponding sound profiles. A feature selection method was used to automatically select those that are most relevant in predicting the type of pavement, while reducing the computational cost. A set of different types of road pavement segments were tested and the performance of the classifier was evaluated. Results of pavement classification performed during a road journey are presented on a map, together with geographical data. This procedure leads to a considerable improvement in the quality of road pavement noise data, thereby increasing the accuracy of road traffic noise prediction models.

Análise da resistência à fadiga de tubos de aço API 5CT N80 Tipo Q soldados via processo de indução magnética de alta frequência (HFIW)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do desempenho energético e da qualidade do ar de uma piscina coberta

Este trabalho teve como propósito fazer uma avaliação do desempenho energético e da qualidade do ar no interior das instalações de uma Piscina Municipal Coberta, localizada na zona norte de Portugal, sendo estabelecidos os seguintes objetivos: caracterização geral da piscina, no que respeita aos seus diferentes espaços e equipamentos, cálculo dos consumos térmicos e elétricos bem como o registo das concentrações de elementos poluentes para controlo da qualidade do ar no interior da piscina, tendo como base a legislação atualmente em vigor. A caracterização geral da piscina permitiu verificar algumas inconformidades como a temperatura da água nos tanques de natação que tem valores superiores aos recomendados e a sala de primeiros socorros que não possui acesso direto ao exterior. Acrescente-se que o pavimento nos chuveiros da casa de banho feminina e os valores de pH para água do tanque grande e pequeno não estão sempre dentro da gama de recomendação. O caudal da renovação de ar está a ser operado manualmente e quando está a funcionar a 50% da sua capacidade máxima, que acontece numa parte do dia, apenas consegue renovar 77,5% do caudal recomendado pelo RSECE. Para se obter o valor recomendado é necessário ter pelo menos 7 horas com o caudal a 100% da capacidade máxima. A avaria na UTA2 originou que 40% dos registos diários da humidade relativa interior estivessem fora da gama de valores recomendados e que esta é fortemente dependente da humidade no exterior e pode ser agravada quando as portas dos envidraçados da nave são abertas. Analisando ainda a quantidade de água removida na desumidificação do ar com a água evaporada em condições de Outono-Inverno ou Primavera-Verão, este estudo permitiu concluir que todas as combinações demonstraram a necessidade de desumidificação salvo a combinação Outono-Inverno e UTA2 a funcionar a 100% da sua capacidade máxima. Os isolamentos das tubagens na sala das caldeiras foram observados e comparados com as soluções recomendadas pelas empresas especialistas e verificou-se que alguns estão mal colocados com parcial ou total degradação, promovendo perdas térmicas. No caso das perdas calorificas por evaporação, estas representaram cerca de 67,78% das perdas totais. Como tal, estudou-se a aplicação de uma cobertura sobre o plano de água durante o período de inatividade da piscina (8 horas) e verificou-se que o resultado seria uma poupança de 654,8 kWh/dia, na ausência de evaporação da água, mais 88,00 kWh/dia do período da UTA2 a funcionar a 50% da sua capacidade, perfazendo um total de 742,8 kWh/dia. A aplicação da cobertura permite obter um VAL de valor positivo, uma TIR de 22,77% e sendo este valor superior ao WACC (Weight Average Cost of Capital), o projeto torna-se viável com um Pay-Back de 3,17 anos. Caracterizou-se também o consumo total diário em eletricidade, e verificou-se que as unidades de climatização, as bombas de circulação de água, a iluminação, e outros equipamentos representam, respetivamente, cerca de 67,81, 25,26, 2,68 e 3,91% da energia elétrica total consumida. Por fim, a análise à qualidade do ar no interior da nave em Maio e Setembro identificou que as concentrações de ozono apresentavam valores no limite do aceitável em Maio e superiores ao valor de emissão em Setembro. Os compostos orgânicos voláteis também apresentavam valores em Maio 4,98 vezes superior e em Setembro 6,87 vezes superior aos valores máximos exigidos pelo D.L. nº 79/2006. Houve ainda altas concentrações de radão registadas na casa dos filtros, em Maio com um valor 11,49 vezes superior, no entanto esse valor desceu em Setembro para 1,08 vezes, mesmo assim superior ao exigido pelo D.L. nº 79/2006.

Conservação e manutenção nos pavimentos rodoviários e a sua importância

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Área de Especialização em Vias de Comunicação e Transportes

Contribuição para o estudo dos subprodutos de uma ETAR: gradados e areias

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Civil, na Área de Especialização de Hidráulica

Optimization study of hybrid spot-welded/bonded single-lap joints

Joining of components with structural adhesives is currently one of the most widespread techniques for advanced structures (e.g., aerospace or aeronautical). Adhesive bonding does not involve drilling operations and it distributes the load over a larger area than mechanical joints. However, peak stresses tend to develop near the overlap edges because of differential straining of the adherends and load asymmetry. As a result, premature failures can be expected, especially for brittle adhesives. Moreover, bonded joints are very sensitive to the surface treatment of the material, service temperature, humidity and ageing. To surpass these limitations, the combination of adhesive bonding with spot-welding is a choice to be considered, adding a few advantages like superior static strength and stiffness, higher peeling and fatigue strength and easier fabrication, as fixtures during the adhesive curing are not needed. The experimental and numerical study presented here evaluates hybrid spot-welded/bonded single-lap joints in comparison with the purely spot-welded and bonded equivalents. A parametric study on the overlap length (LO) allowed achieving different strength advantages, up to 58% compared to spot-welded joints and 24% over bonded joints. The Finite Element Method (FEM) and Cohesive Zone Models (CZM) for damage growth were also tested in Abaqus® to evaluate this technique for strength prediction, showing accurate estimations for all kinds of joints.

Strength improvement of adhesively-bonded joints using a reverse-bent geometry

Adhesive bonding of components has become more efficient in recent years due to the developments in adhesive technology, which has resulted in higher peel and shear strengths, and also in allowable ductility up to failure. As a result, fastening and riveting methods are being progressively replaced by adhesive bonding, allowing a big step towards stronger and lighter unions. However, single-lap bonded joints still generate substantial peel and shear stress concentrations at the overlap edges that can be harmful to the structure, especially when using brittle adhesives that do not allow plasticization in these regions. In this work, a numerical and experimental study is performed to evaluate the feasibility of bending the adherends at the ends of the overlap for the strength improvement of single-lap aluminium joints bonded with a brittle and a ductile adhesive. Different combinations of joint eccentricity were tested, including absence of eccentricity, allowing the optimization of the joint. A Finite Element stress and failure analysis in ABAQUS® was also carried out to provide a better understanding of the bent configuration. Results showed a major advantage of using the proposed modification for the brittle adhesive, but the joints with the ductile adhesive were not much affected by the bending technique.

Effect of hole drilling at the overlap on the strength of single-lap joints

Bonded unions are gaining importance in many fields of manufacturing owing to a significant number of advantages to the traditional fastening, riveting, bolting and welding techniques. Between the available bonding configurations, the single-lap joint is the most commonly used and studied by the scientific community due to its simplicity, although it endures significant bending due to the non-collinear load path, which negatively affects its load bearing capabilities. The use of material or geometric changes in single-lap joints is widely documented in the literature to reduce this handicap, acting by reduction of peel and shear peak stresses at the damage initiation sites in structures or alterations of the failure mechanism emerging from local modifications. In this work, the effect of hole drilling at the overlap on the strength of single-lap joints was analyzed experimentally with two main purposes: (1) to check whether or not the anchorage effect of the adhesive within the holes is more preponderant than the stress concentrations near the holes, arising from the sharp edges, and modification of the joints straining behaviour (strength improvement or reduction, respectively) and (2) picturing a real scenario on which the components to be bonded are modified by some external factor (e.g. retrofitting of decaying/old-fashioned fastened unions). Tests were made with two adhesives (a brittle and a ductile one) varying the adherend thickness and the number, layout and diameter of the holes. Experimental testing showed that the joints strength never increases from the un-modified condition, showing a varying degree of weakening, depending on the selected adhesive and hole drilling configuration.

Periodic paths on nonautonomous graphs

We define nonautonomous graphs as a class of dynamic graphs in discrete time whose time-dependence consists in connecting or disconnecting edges. We study periodic paths in these graphs, and the associated zeta functions. Based on the analytic properties of these zeta functions we obtain explicit formulae for the number of n-periodic paths, as the sum of the nth powers of some specific algebraic numbers.