Equations of motion for constrained systems

"Series title: Springerbriefs in applied sciences and technology, ISSN 2191-530X"

Effect of sodium chloride on solutesolvent interactions in aqueous polyethylene glycolsodium sulfate two-phase systems

Partition behavior of eight small organic compounds and six proteins was examined in poly(ethylene glycol)-8000sodium sulfate aqueous two-phase systems containing 0.215 M NaCl and 0.5 M osmolyte (sorbitol, sucrose, TMAO) and poly(ethylene glycol)-10000sodium sulfate0.215 M NaCl system, all in 0.01 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.8. The differences between the solvent properties of the coexisting phases (solvent dipolarity/polarizability, hydrogen bond donor acidity, and hydrogen bond acceptor basicity) were characterized with solvatochromic dyes using the solvatochromic comparison method. Differences between the electrostatic properties of the phases were determined by analysis of partitioning of sodium salts of dinitrophenylated (DNP-) amino acids with aliphatic alkyl side-chain. The partition coefficients of all compounds examined (including proteins) were described in terms of solutesolvent interactions. The results obtained in the study show that solutesolvent interactions of nonionic organic compounds and proteins in polyethylene glycolsodium sulfate aqueous two-phase system change in the presence of NaCl additive.

Interrelationship between partition behavior of organic compounds and proteins in aqueous dextran-Polyethylene glycol and Polyethylene glycol-sodium sulfate two-phase systems

Partition behavior of adenosine and guanine mononucleotides was examined in aqueous dextran-polyethylene glycol (PEG) and PEG-sodium sulfate two-phase systems. The partition coefficients for each series of mononucleotides were analyzed as a functions of the number of phosphate groups and found to be dependent on the nature of nucleic base and on the type of \ATPS\ utilized. It was concluded that an average contribution of a phosphate group into logarithm of partition coefficient of a mononucleotide cannot be used to estimate the difference between the electrostatic properties of the coexisting phases of ATPS. The data obtained in this study were considered together with those for other organic compounds and proteins reported previously, and the linear interrelationship between logarithms of partition coefficients in dextran-PEG, PEG-Na2SO4 and PEG-Na2SO4-0.215 M NaCl (all in 0.01 M Na- or K/Na-phosphate buffer, pH 7.4 or 6.8) was established. Similar relationship was found for the previously reported data for proteins in Dex-PEG, PEG-600-Na2SO4, and PEG-8000-Na2SO4 ATPS. It is suggested that the linear relationships of the kind established in \ATPS\ may be observed for biological properties of compounds as well.

Biocatalysis in micellar systems

[Excert] Biocatalysis and biotransformations are environmentally friendly, and allow the development of sustainable production processes on a large scale. Thus, these processes are becoming important alternatives to conventional chemistry in the drug, biochemical, and emerging biorenewable energy industries. Biocatalysts are required to function under non-conventional conditions, such as in organic solvents, being competitive in terms of cost and efficiency. In fact, the technological utility of enzymes can be enhanced greatly by using them in the presence of organic solvents, rather than in their natural aqueous reaction media. Multiphase systems are more complex but offer a new field of possibilities. The presence of hydrophobic solvents in biocatalysis allows the conversion of poorly water soluble substrates more efficiently. The accessibility of hydrophobic substrates to enzymes or whole cells presents an interesting challenge for researchers and technologists. In this context, microemulsions are a promising tool in enzyme technology. This chapter presents an overview of the characterization of biphasic and microemulsion systems and their applications in biotransformation processes (...).

Blow-up and finite time extinction for p(x, t)-curl systems arising in electromagnetism

"Available online 22 March 2016"

Sefficiency (sustainable efficiency) of water–energy–food entangled systems

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed at http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2015.1070091. It includes an easy-to-use spreadsheet that calculates the efficiencies used in this paper, that is Sefficiency with energy considerations.

Multibody systems formulation

"Series: Solid mechanics and its applications, vol. 226"

SOFHIA: a CAD environment to design digital control systems

"Series Title: IFIP - The International Federation for Information Processing, ISSN 1868-4238"

An object-oriented model for rapid prototyping of data path/control systems - a case study

Publicado em "Information control in manufacturing 1998 : (INCOM'98) : advances in industrial engineering : a proceedings volume from the 9th IFAC Symposium, Nancy-Metz, France, 24-26 June 1998. Vol. 2"

Development of active bio-based multilayer systems: encapsulation of cinnamaldehyde and their physicochemical characterization

[Excerpt] In this work, different multilayer structures, using a polyhydroxybutyrate-co-valerate film with a valerate content of 8% (PHBV8) as support, were developed aiming the development of active bio-based multilayer systems. An interlayer based on zein nanofibers with and without cinnamaldehyde were electrospun in the PHBV8 film and three multilayer systems were developed: 1) without an outer layer; 2) using a PHBV8 film as outer layer; and 3) using an alginate-based film as outer layer. Their physico-chemical properties were evaluated through: water vapour and oxygen permeabilities and colour measurements, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermal analyses. Results showed that the presence of different outer layers affected the water vapour permeability and transparency of the multilayer films. (...)

Quantifying the legacy of the Chinese Neolithic on the maternal genetic heritage of Taiwan and Island Southeast Asia

There has been a long-standing debate concerning the extent to which the spread of Neolithic ceramics and Malay-Polynesian languages in Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) were coupled to an agriculturally driven demic dispersal out of Taiwan 4000 years ago (4 ka). We previously addressed this question using founder analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control-region sequences to identify major lineage clusters most likely to have dispersed from Taiwan into ISEA, proposing that the dispersal had a relatively minor impact on the extant genetic structure of ISEA, and that the role of agriculture in the expansion of the Austronesian languages was therefore likely to have been correspondingly minor. Here we test these conclusions by sequencing whole mtDNAs from across Taiwan and ISEA, using their higher chronological precision to resolve the overall proportion that participated in the "out-of-Taiwan" mid-Holocene dispersal as opposed to earlier, postglacial expansions in the Early Holocene. We show that, in total, about 20 % of mtDNA lineages in the modern ISEA pool result from the "out-of-Taiwan" dispersal, with most of the remainder signifying earlier processes, mainly due to sea-level rises after the Last Glacial Maximum. Notably, we show that every one of these founder clusters previously entered Taiwan from China, 6-7 ka, where rice-farming originated, and remained distinct from the indigenous Taiwanese population until after the subsequent dispersal into ISEA.

In-line rheo-optical microstructural characterization of complex polymer systems

Tese de Doutoramento em Ciência e Engenharia de Polímeros e Compósitos.

Vapor - liquid equilibrium of systems containing perfluoromethyl-cyclohexane and hydrocarbons

Vapor - liquid equilibrium data for the binary systems: Perfluoromethylcyclohexane + n-Hexane and Perfluoromethylcyclohexane + 1-Hexene were determined at 93.3 KPa and 328.15 K. The vapor pressure for the pure components were also measured to calculate the Antoine constants. The data were correlated by using the Van-Laar, Margules, Wilson, NRTL and UNIQUAC equations. UNIFAC group-contribution parameters between CH, and CF,, and CH,=CH and CF, were also calculated.