Uso de indicadores hidrológicos para classificação de trechos de estradas florestais quanto ao escoamento superficial

Forest roads are frequently pointed as source of environmental problems related to erosion and they also influence harvest cost due to maintenance operations. Roads not well designed are sources of hydrological problems on catchments and the current attention to sustainability of forest exploration projects point out to the need of diagnostics tools for guiding the redesign of the road system. At this study, runoff hydrological indicators for forest road segments were assessed in order to identify critical points of erosion and water concentration on soils. A road network of a forest production area was divided into 252 road segments that were used as observations of four variables: mean terrain slope, main segment slope, LS factor and topographic index. The data analysis was based on descriptive statistics for outliers' identification, principal component analysis and for variability study between variables and between observations, and cluster analysis for similar segments groups' identification. The results allowed classifying roads segments into five mains road types: road on the ridge, on the valley, on the slopes, on the slopes but in a contour line and on the steepest slope. The indicators were able to highlight the most critical segments that differ of others and are potential sources of erosion and water accumulation problems on forest roads. The principal component analysis showed two main variability sources related to terrain topographic characteristics and also road design, showing that indicators represent well those elements. The methodology seems to be appropriated for identification of critical road segments that need to be redesigned and also for road network planning at new forest exploration projects.

A Influência da Referência de Tensão na Avaliação de Indicadores de Qualidade de Energia

This paper discusses the importance of the voltage referential for power quality monitoring and power systempsilas instrumentation. Considering the operating conditions of simple power circuits, it will be demonstrated that an incorrect choice of the voltages referential may result in erroneous quantification of some power quality indices, especially in three-phase four wire circuits. The use of a virtual reference point and the neutral conductor as reference have been considered and the simulation results confirm the influence of the voltage reference selection in the evaluation of total harmonic distortion, unbalance factors and voltage sags. Finally a way of linking both methods will be discussed by means of Blakesleypsilas theorem. © Copyright 2010 IEEE - All Rights Reserved.

Panorama de la Agricultura de América Latina y el Caribe en las últimas décadas: indicadores de comportamiento en cuadros y gráficos = Survey of agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean over recent decades: performance indicators in charts and tables

Incluye Bibliografía

Indicadores económico-ambientales para las cuentas nacionales

Incluye Bibliografía

El sistema de indicadores socioeconómicos de la desertificación

Incluye Bibliografía

Proceso de consulta local sobre desertificación e indicadores

Incluye Bibliografía

Las dimensiones socioeconómicas de la desertificación: avances en la utilización de indicadores: un ejercicio en el caso de Mendoza, Argentina

Incluye Bibliografía

Monitoreo de la desertificación mediante indicadores ambientales y sociales y métodos participativos: el sistema MONITOR

Incluye Bibliografía

Propuesta de indicadores de paternidad responsable

Incluye Bibliografía

Un sistema de indicadores para el seguimiento de la cohesión social en América Latina

Incluye Bibliografía

Un sistema de indicadores para el seguimiento de la cohesión social en América Latina. Síntesis

Incluye Bibliografía

Cumbre de las Américas 1994-2009: indicadores seleccionados

Incluye Bibliografía

América Latina en clave de cohesión social: indicadores seleccionados

Documento en inglés disponible en Biblioteca

Cohesión social en América Latina y el Caribe : una revisión de conceptos, marcos de referencia e indicadores

Incluye prólogo de la Sra. Alicia Bárcena

Instituciones, bienestar y cohesión social: indicadores para caracterizar su funcionalidad

Incluye Bibliografía