A cena de agón na Alceste de Euripides

In this study, I examine the agon scene in Euripides' Alcestis. The agon is placed in the 4th episode, when Alcestis' corpse has recieved all preparations for the funeral, and Admeto has already accomodated Heracles in the palace, without telling him, however, about the last occurrences. This episode is the biggest of the play with 360 verses, what could cause the prolongation of the action and consequently the decline of the emotional tonus. Nevertheless, Euripides has composed this episode with very diversified elements, that it could be divided in scenes, what confers certain agitily to the events succession that accelerates the end of the play. I took as basis the commentaries by A. M. Dale and by L P. E. Parker, and whenever necessary, I have also recurred to the James Diggle?s and D. J Conacher?s editions. Another important text for the present discussion of the agon in Alcestis is the book by Michael Lloyd, The Agon in Euripides

Narrar : Una práctica de la paradoja. Notas sobre el relato en M. Cohen

La experiencia narrativa se posiciona como un eje conceptual de heterogéneos abordajes teóricos y críticos. Desde la célebre postura de Walter Benjamin acerca de la crisis del relato y la experiencia en la modernidad, una miríada considerable y multifacética de teorías ha desmenuzado la práctica de narrar desde perspectivas antropológicas, semióticas y literarias. En la literatura argentina hallamos una compleja trama de linajes y tradiciones estéticas que presentan concepciones narrativas disímiles. De esta forma, en la contemporaneidad, la literatura pone en cuestión el estatuto de los relatos, debatiendo qué significa narrar o, parafraseando a Roland Barthes, preguntándose si la narración y literatura sirven de algo. En esta polémica oculta circulan los textos de Marcelo Cohen, una serie de relatos y ensayos críticos (aunque las dicotomías genéricas no son siempre útiles para leer a Cohen, de algún modo los paradigmas binarios están alterados en sus textos) que ponen en cuestión los lugares comunes de la teoría acerca del relato y promueven una concepción compleja y paradójica de la narración literaria. Proponemos, entonces, un ensayo de interpretaciones que establece correlatos entre diversos textos de Cohen donde se enuncian concepciones de la práctica narrativa, para configurar una política del relato que discute las dicotomías binarias de la tradiciones estéticas y las tendencias actuales de la literatura argentina. Rara avis del campo intelectual contemporáneo, Cohen pone en cuestión los paradigmas estéticos y levanta la práctica del matiz contra el lenguaje estereotipado de la prosa de estado, ese catálogo de estilos y buenas maneras que le impone a la literatura un lenguaje sustentado en el lugar común

A cena de agón na Alceste de Euripides

In this study, I examine the agon scene in Euripides' Alcestis. The agon is placed in the 4th episode, when Alcestis' corpse has recieved all preparations for the funeral, and Admeto has already accomodated Heracles in the palace, without telling him, however, about the last occurrences. This episode is the biggest of the play with 360 verses, what could cause the prolongation of the action and consequently the decline of the emotional tonus. Nevertheless, Euripides has composed this episode with very diversified elements, that it could be divided in scenes, what confers certain agitily to the events succession that accelerates the end of the play. I took as basis the commentaries by A. M. Dale and by L P. E. Parker, and whenever necessary, I have also recurred to the James Diggle?s and D. J Conacher?s editions. Another important text for the present discussion of the agon in Alcestis is the book by Michael Lloyd, The Agon in Euripides

Planktonic assemblages during sapropel S5 deposits in the Urania Basin

A micropaleontological study of planktonic assemblages on the partially laminated sapropel S5 (late Pleistocene, marine isotope stage (MIS) 5e) was performed in two piston cores from Urania Basin area (eastern Mediterranean, west of Crete): UM94PC16 and UM94PC31 recovered during a PALEOFLUX Project Cruise. The abundance of Florisphaera profunda indicates the development of a deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) before the anoxic condition at bottom were established, whereas patterns of upper photic zone coccoliths suggest extreme oligotrophy in surface water. The short appearance of Globorotalia scitula and the presence of Globigerinoides ruber in the lower part of sapropel testify to a thermal stratification, also recorded by changes in primary producers. During G. scitula occurrence, diatoms, mainly represented by Pseudosolenia calcar-avis, appear and bloom because of their capability in using nutrients from DCM. Scanning electron microscope analyses performed on selected intervals from UM94PC16 show that the sapropel is organized in microlaminae mostly composed by siliceous microfossils. In particular, sapropel S5 could be related to an enhanced nutrient availability in the lower-middle part of the photic zone, stratified conditions, and a higher continental input.

Narrar : Una práctica de la paradoja. Notas sobre el relato en M. Cohen

La experiencia narrativa se posiciona como un eje conceptual de heterogéneos abordajes teóricos y críticos. Desde la célebre postura de Walter Benjamin acerca de la crisis del relato y la experiencia en la modernidad, una miríada considerable y multifacética de teorías ha desmenuzado la práctica de narrar desde perspectivas antropológicas, semióticas y literarias. En la literatura argentina hallamos una compleja trama de linajes y tradiciones estéticas que presentan concepciones narrativas disímiles. De esta forma, en la contemporaneidad, la literatura pone en cuestión el estatuto de los relatos, debatiendo qué significa narrar o, parafraseando a Roland Barthes, preguntándose si la narración y literatura sirven de algo. En esta polémica oculta circulan los textos de Marcelo Cohen, una serie de relatos y ensayos críticos (aunque las dicotomías genéricas no son siempre útiles para leer a Cohen, de algún modo los paradigmas binarios están alterados en sus textos) que ponen en cuestión los lugares comunes de la teoría acerca del relato y promueven una concepción compleja y paradójica de la narración literaria. Proponemos, entonces, un ensayo de interpretaciones que establece correlatos entre diversos textos de Cohen donde se enuncian concepciones de la práctica narrativa, para configurar una política del relato que discute las dicotomías binarias de la tradiciones estéticas y las tendencias actuales de la literatura argentina. Rara avis del campo intelectual contemporáneo, Cohen pone en cuestión los paradigmas estéticos y levanta la práctica del matiz contra el lenguaje estereotipado de la prosa de estado, ese catálogo de estilos y buenas maneras que le impone a la literatura un lenguaje sustentado en el lugar común

A cena de agón na Alceste de Euripides

In this study, I examine the agon scene in Euripides' Alcestis. The agon is placed in the 4th episode, when Alcestis' corpse has recieved all preparations for the funeral, and Admeto has already accomodated Heracles in the palace, without telling him, however, about the last occurrences. This episode is the biggest of the play with 360 verses, what could cause the prolongation of the action and consequently the decline of the emotional tonus. Nevertheless, Euripides has composed this episode with very diversified elements, that it could be divided in scenes, what confers certain agitily to the events succession that accelerates the end of the play. I took as basis the commentaries by A. M. Dale and by L P. E. Parker, and whenever necessary, I have also recurred to the James Diggle?s and D. J Conacher?s editions. Another important text for the present discussion of the agon in Alcestis is the book by Michael Lloyd, The Agon in Euripides

Neogene diatoms of the Japan Sea

A series of excellent upper Miocene through Quaternary diatomaceous sequences recovered at four sites during Leg 127 was examined for diatoms. The diagenetic transition from opal-A to opal-CT is a diachronic horizon from the uppermost part of the Denticulopsis katayamae Zone (8.5 Ma) at Hole 797B to the uppermost part of the Neodenticula kamtschatica Zone (5.73 Ma) at Hole 795A. The diatom zonation of Koizumi (1985) best divides the upper Miocene to Quaternary sequences above the opal-A/opal-CT boundary and also is useful to date carbonate concretions including diatoms below the boundary. Forty diatom datum levels were evaluated biostratigraphically based on the sediment accumulation rate curve, and several isochronous datum levels are newly proposed for the Japan Sea area. A warm-water current did not penetrated into the Japan Sea through the Tsushima strait during the late Miocene and Pliocene time, because subtropical warm-water diatoms are essentially not present in such sediment samples. The occurrences of diatom are cyclic throughout the Quaternary sediments and are affected by eustatic sea level changes.

Diatom deposits in the ostpreußischen Haffe

Als man nach dem ersten Weltkrieg im verkleinerten Deutschland nach der Möglichkeit von Neulandgewinnung suchte, dachte man auch an eineTrockenlegung der ostpreußischen Haffe. Aus diesem Anlaß wurden umfangreiche Bohrungen ausgeführt, um ein möglichst genaues Bild vom Untergrunde der Haffe zu bekommen. Auf Veranlassung der Preußischen Geologischen Landesanstalt wurde ich mit der Untersuchung der Diatomeen in den Bohrproben beauftragt. Die Arbeit wurde 1934 begonnen und Ende 1937 wurde der letzte Arbeitsbericht abgeliefert. Die beabsichtigte Veröffentlichung ist bisher unterblieben, weil die Druckvorlagen später verloren gegangen sind. Seitdem sind über die Haffuntersuchungen mehrere Teilergebnisse veröffentlicht worden, von denen hier schon wegen der Terminologie die pollenanalytischen Arbeiten von L. HEIN (1941) und HUGO GROSS (1941) erwähnt seien, auf die im Abschnitt Il 2e näher eingegangen wird. Bei der geologischen Auswertung war Zurückhaltung geboten; denn es wäre gewagt, allein aus der Perspektive der Diatomeenforschung endgültige Aussagen machen zu wollen. Darum habe ich mich bemüht, das Material so weit aufzuschließen, daß es Geologen später auch bei veränderter Fragestellung auswerten können. "Die Theorien wechseln, aber die Tatsachen bleiben." Der Initiative des Herrn Prof. Dr. K. GRIPP und der finanziellen Hilfe der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft ist es zu verdanken, daß die vorliegende Arbeit im Druck erscheinen kann. Zusammenfassung 1. Nur in den alluvialen Schichten des Kurischen Haffs wurden Diatomeen gefunden. 2. Die Diatomeenflora des Kurischen Haffs besteht zur Hauptsache aus Süßwasserformen. 3. Salzwasserformen finden sich in allen Schichten verstreut unter der Süßwasserflora. Wenn sie auch nach Zahl der Arten in manchen Proben einen erheblichen Prozentsatz der Flora ausmachen, so ist doch die Zahl der Individuen stets so gering, daß man nirgends von einer Brackwasserflora sprechen kann. 4. Die Süßwasserflora besteht in den unteren Schichten vorwiegend aus Grundformen; und zwar machen die epiphytischen Bewohner flacher Sumpfgewässer einen großen Teil der Flora aus. 5. In einzelnen Bohrungen kommt in den untersten alluvialen Schichten eine Grundflora mit zahlreichen Mastogloien vor. Dies sind die ältesten diatomeenführenden Schichten, entstanden in isolierten Sumpfgewässern. 6. Die übrigen Schichten mit überwiegender Grundflora sind vermutlich Ablagerungen der Ancyluszeit. 7. Die oberen Schichten, in denen die Planktondiatomeen überwiegen, dürften größtenteils der Litorina-Transgressionszeit angehören, jedoch ist der Transgressions-Kontakt nicht klar zu erkennen. 8. Das Ende der Litorinazeit ist noch weniger erkennbar, da eine grundsätzliche Veränderung der Flora nach oben nicht zu beobachten ist. 9. Die ostbaltischen Charakterformen sind in allen Schichten vertreten.

Abiotic characteristics and diatom abundance and biomass in different sectors of the Argentinien Shelf and antartic waters

A large spatial scale study of the diatom species inhabiting waters from the subantarctic (Argentine shelf) to antarctic was made for the first time in order to understand the relationships between these two regions with regard to the fluctuations in diatom abundances in relation with environmental features, their floristic associations and the effect of the Polar Front as a biogeographic barrier. Species-specific diatom abundance, nutrient and chlorophyll-a concentration were assessed from 64 subsurface oceanographic stations carried out during the austral summer 2002, a period characterized by an anomalous sea-ice coverage corresponding to a ''warm year". Significant relationships of both diatom density and biomass with chlorophyll-a (positive) and water temperature (negative) were found for the study area as a whole. Within the Subantarctic region, diatom density and biomass values were more uniform and significantly (in average: 35 and 11 times) lower than those of the Antarctic region, and did not correlate with chlorophyll-a. In antarctic waters, instead, biomass was directly related with chlorophyll-a, thus confirming the important contribution of diatoms to the Antarctic phytoplanktonic stock. A total of 167 taxa were recorded for the entire study area, with Chaetoceros and Thalassiosira being the best represented genera. Species richness was maximum in subantarctic waters (46; Argentine shelf) and minimum in the Antarctic region (21; Antarctic Peninsula), and showed a significant decrease with latitude. Floristic associations were examined both qualitatively (Jaccard Index) and quantitatively (correlation) by cluster analyses and results allowed differentiating a similar number of associations (12 vs. 13, respectively) and two main groups of stations. In the Drake Passage, the former revealed that the main floristic change was found at the Polar Front, while the latter reflected the Southern ACC Front as a main boundary, and yielded a higher number of isolated sites, most of them located next to different Antarctic islands. Such differences are attributed to the high relative density of Fragilariopsis kerguelensis in Argentine shelf and Drake Passage waters and of Porosira glacialis and species of Chaetoceros and Thalasiosira in the Weddell Sea and near the Antarctic Peninsula. From a total of 84 taxa recorded in antarctic waters, only 17 were found exclusively in this region, and the great majority (67) was also present in subantarctic waters but in extremely low (< 1 cell/l) concentrations, probably as a result of expatriation processes via the ACC-Malvinas Current system. The present results were compared with those of previous studies on the Antarctic region with respect to both diatom associations in regular vs. atypically warm years, and the distribution and abundance of some selected planktonic species reported for surface sediments.

Siliceous phytoplankton in middle Eocene sediments of ODP Hole 207-1260A

The Middle Eocene diatom and silicoflagellate record of ODP Site 1260A (Demerara Rise) is studied quantitatively in order to throw light on the changes that siliceous phytoplankton communities experienced during a Middle Eocene warming event that occurred between 44.0 and 42.0 Ma. Both Pianka's overlap index, calculated per couple of successive samples, and cluster analysis, point to a number of significant turnover events highlighted by changes in the structure of floristic communities. The pre-warming flora, dominated by cosmopolitan species of the diatom genus Triceratium, is replaced during the warming interval by a new and more diverse assemblage, dominated by Paralia sulcata (an indicator of high productivity) and two endemic tropical species of the genus Hemiaulus. The critical warming interval is characterized by a steady increase in biogenic silica and a comparable increase in excess Ba, both reflecting an increase in productivity. In general, it appears that high productivity not only increased the flux of biogenic silica, but also sustained a higher diversity in the siliceous phytoplankton communities. The microflora preserved above the critical interval is once again of low diversity and dominated by various species of the diatom genus Hemiaulus. All assemblages in the studied material are characterized by the total absence of continental and benthic diatoms and the relative abundance of neritic forms, suggesting a transitional depositional environment between the neritic and the oceanic realms.

The Global Plankton Database: an inventory and data from the Former Soviet Union expeditions

At present time, there is a lack of knowledge on the interannual climate-related variability of zooplankton communities of the tropical Atlantic, central Mediterranean Sea, Caspian Sea, and Aral Sea, due to the absence of appropriate databases. In the mid latitudes, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is the dominant mode of atmospheric fluctuations over eastern North America, the northern Atlantic Ocean and Europe. Therefore, one of the issues that need to be addressed through data synthesis is the evaluation of interannual patterns in species abundance and species diversity over these regions in regard to the NAO. The database has been used to investigate the ecological role of the NAO in interannual variations of mesozooplankton abundance and biomass along the zonal array of the NAO influence. Basic approach to the proposed research involved: (1) development of co-operation between experts and data holders in Ukraine, Russia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, UK, and USA to rescue and compile the oceanographic data sets and release them on CD-ROM, (2) organization and compilation of a database based on FSU cruises to the above regions, (3) analysis of the basin-scale interannual variability of the zooplankton species abundance, biomass, and species diversity.

Abundance and biomass of phytoplankton in the Black Sea near Gelendzhik in 2002-2005

It is shown that in 2002-2005 mass development of coccolithofore Emiliania huxleyi on the Gelendzhik shelf (northeast Black Sea) occurred annually and in May-June its abundance reached 1500000 cells/l. In 2004-2005 bloom of E. huxleyi was accompanied by mass development of diatom alga Chaetoceros subtilis var. abnormis f. simplex (600000-900000 cells/l). For the first time it was registered as a dominating form of Black Sea phytoplankton. Small flagellates and picoplankton algae played a noticeable role in phytoplankton throughout the entire period of the studies. Meanwhile in the early summer period the bulk of biomass consisted of coccolithophores (50-60%), while in the late summer period diatomaceous algae dominated (50-70%). Among ecological factors that favor coccolithophore development one may note microstratification of the upper mixed layer at a high illumination level and high temperature in surface waters (18-21°C). Terrigenous runoff during the rainy period had a negative effect on E. huxleyi development, while storms dispersed the population over the upper mixed layer. A wind-induced near-shore upwelling stimulated development of diatoms.

Siliceous microplankton in surface sediments and the water column of the Red Sea

We studied the siliceous microplankton assemblages (mainly diatoms) from plankton tows (mesh size 20 µm) and surface sediment samples collected along a N-S transect in the northern Red Sea (28-21°N). In addition, we analyzed differences/similarities between plankton and sediment assemblages within a brine-filled basin (the southern basin) of the Shaban Deep and compared these assemblages with those from outside the brine. Plankton samples revealed the overwhelming dominance of diatoms over other siliceous groups. Diatoms accounted for ca. 97% of all biosiliceous particles at 120-20 m (vs. 2.9% silicoflagellates and 0.4% radiolarians), and ca. 94% at 200-120 m (vs. 4.5% silicoflagellates and 1.6% radiolarians). In general, a marine, warm-water (tropical/subtropical) diatom assemblage characterizes the plankton samples. Representatives of the Nitzschia bicapitata group are by far the most abundant contributors at both depth intervals (average=43%), ranging from ca. 30% in the North to ca. 60% in the South. Biogenic opal content in non-brine surface sediments is very low, (below 0.2 wt.% SiO2); and concentration of siliceous microorganisms is also low and of the order of 5*10**3-10**4 microorganisms/g dry sediment. Diatoms are the main contributors to the opal signal in the 20-40 µm fraction, while they share dominance with radiolarians in the >40 µm fraction. Total diatom concentrations average 1.2*10**4 valves/g in the 20-40 µm fraction and 4*10**3 valves/g in the >40 µm fraction. Robust taxa of warm water affinity (Alveus marinus, Azpeitia neocrenulata, Azpeitia nodulifera and Roperia tesselata) characterize the surface sediments. In contrast, biogenic opal content in brine surface sediment samples is much higher than in the non-brine samples, ranging from 2.8 to 3.8 wt.% SiO2, and concentration of siliceous microorganisms is 3-4 orders of magnitude higher. In addition here, diatoms dominate the opal signal. The taxa found in these samples are a mixture of non-brine and plankton samples, and fragile forms (e.g., N. bicapitata group, Neodelphineis indica) are well preserved in these sediments. Thus, brine sediments in this region seem to offer a great potential for palaeoenvironmental studies.