Automatic Prediction of Facial Trait Judgments: Appearance vs. Structural Models

Evaluating other individuals with respect to personality characteristics plays a crucial role in human relations and it is the focus of attention for research in diverse fields such as psychology and interactive computer systems. In psychology, face perception has been recognized as a key component of this evaluation system. Multiple studies suggest that observers use face information to infer personality characteristics. Interactive computer systems are trying to take advantage of these findings and apply them to increase the natural aspect of interaction and to improve the performance of interactive computer systems. Here, we experimentally test whether the automatic prediction of facial trait judgments (e.g. dominance) can be made by using the full appearance information of the face and whether a reduced representation of its structure is sufficient. We evaluate two separate approaches: a holistic representation model using the facial appearance information and a structural model constructed from the relations among facial salient points. State of the art machine learning methods are applied to a) derive a facial trait judgment model from training data and b) predict a facial trait value for any face. Furthermore, we address the issue of whether there are specific structural relations among facial points that predict perception of facial traits. Experimental results over a set of labeled data (9 different trait evaluations) and classification rules (4 rules) suggest that a) prediction of perception of facial traits is learnable by both holistic and structural approaches; b) the most reliable prediction of facial trait judgments is obtained by certain type of holistic descriptions of the face appearance; and c) for some traits such as attractiveness and extroversion, there are relationships between specific structural features and social perceptions.

Bilateral Sequential NAION: A Comparison of Visual Outcomes in Fellow Eyes Using Quantitative Analysis of Goldmann Visual Fields

Purpose: Previous studies of the visual outcome in bilateral non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) have yielded conflicting results, specifically regarding congruity between fellow eyes. Prior studies have used measures of acuity and computerized perimetry but none has compared Goldmann visual field outcomes between fellow eyes. In order to better define the concordance of visual loss in this condition, we reviewed our cases of bilateral sequential NAION, including measures of visual acuity, pupillary function and both pattern and severity of visual field loss.Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of 102 patients with a diagnosis of bilateral sequential NAION. Of the 102 patients, 86 were included in the study for analysis of final visual outcome between the affected eyes. Visual function was assessed using visual acuity, Goldmann visual fields, color vision and RAPD. A quantitative total visual field score and score per quadrant was analyzed for each eye using the numerical Goldmann visual field scoring method previously described by Esterman and colleagues. Based upon these scores, we calculated the total deviation and pattern deviation between fellow eyes and between eyes of different patients. Statistical significance was determined using nonparametric tests.Results: A statistically significant correlation was found between fellow eyes for multiple parameters, including logMAR visual acuity (P = 0.0101), global visual field (P = 0.0001), superior visual field (P = 0.0001), and inferior visual field (P = 0.0001). In addition, the mean deviation of both total (P = 0.0000000007) and pattern (P = 0.000000004) deviation analyses was significantly less between fellow eyes ("intra"-eyes) than between eyes of different patients ("inter"-eyes).Conclusions: Visual function between fellow eyes showed a fair to moderate correlation that was statistically significant. The pattern of vision loss was also more similar in fellow eyes than between eyes of different patients. These results may help allow better prediction of visual outcome for the second eye in patients with NAION. These findings may also be useful for evaluating efficacy of therapeutic interventions.

The Latest Word, Fall 2012

Newsletter by IPERS about Iowa Public Employees’ Retirement System news for retirees.

The Latest Word, Spring 2012

Newsletter by IPERS about Iowa Public Employees’ Retirement System news for retirees.

The Latest Word, Fall 2011

Newsletter by IPERS about Iowa Public Employees’ Retirement System news for retirees.

The Latest Word, Winter 2011

Newsletter by IPERS about Iowa Public Employees’ Retirement System news for retirees.

The Latest Word, Summer 2009

Newsletter by IPERS about Iowa Public Employees’ Retirement System news for retirees.

The Latest Word, Summer 2008

Newsletter by IPERS about Iowa Public Employees’ Retirement System news for retirees.

The Latest Word, Winter 2007

Newsletter by IPERS about Iowa Public Employees’ Retirement System news for retirees.

Leitura de imagens, cultura visual e prática educativa

Quase tudo do pouco que sabemos sobre o conhecimento produzido nos chega pelos meios de informação e comunicação. Estes, por sua vez, também constroem imagens do mundo. Imagens para deleitar, entreter, vender, sugerindo o que devemos vestir, comer, aparentar, pensar. Em nossa sociedade contemporânea discute-se a necessidade de uma alfabetização visual, que se expressa em várias designações, como leitura de imagens e compreensão crítica da cultura visual. Freqüentes mudanças de expressões e conceitos dificultam o entendimento dessas propostas para o currículo escolar, assim como a própria definição do professor ou professora que será responsável por esse conhecimento e seu referencial teórico. Este artigo apresenta os conceitos que fundamentam as propostas da leitura de imagens e cultura visual, sinalizando suas proximidades e distâncias. Contrasta alguns referenciais teóricos da antropologia, arte, educação, história, sociologia, e sugere linhas de trabalho em ambientes de aprendizagem para que se possa refletir a permanente formação docente.

The Latest Word, Fall 2007

Newsletter by IPERS about Iowa Public Employees’ Retirement System news for retirees.

The Latest Word, Spring-Summer 2007

Newsletter by IPERS about Iowa Public Employees’ Retirement System news for retirees.

The Latest Word, Fall 2006

Newsletter by IPERS about Iowa Public Employees’ Retirement System news for retirees.

The Latest Word, Summer 2006

Newsletter by IPERS about Iowa Public Employees’ Retirement System news for retirees.

The Latest Word, Spring 2006

Newsletter by IPERS about Iowa Public Employees’ Retirement System news for retirees.