Trends in self-reported prevalence and management of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes in Swiss adults, 1997-2007.

Switzerland has a low mortality rate from cardiovascular diseases, but little is known regarding prevalence and management of cardiovascular risk factors (CV RFs: hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes) in the general population. In this study, we assessed 10-year trends in self-reported prevalence and management of cardiovascular risk factors in Switzerland. data from three national health interview surveys conducted between 1997 and 2007 in representative samples of the Swiss adult population (49,261 subjects overall). Self-reported CV RFs prevalence, treatment and control levels were computed. The sample was weighted to match the sex - and age distribution, geographical location and nationality of the entire adult population of Switzerland. self-reported prevalence of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes increased from 22.1%, 11.9% and 3.3% in 1997 to 24.1%, 17.4% and 4.8% in 2007, respectively. Prevalence of self-reported treatment among subjects with CV RFs also increased from 52.1%, 18.5% and 50.0% in 1997 to 60.4%, 38.8% and 53.3% in 2007 for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes, respectively. Self-reported control levels increased from 56.4%, 52.9% and 50.0% in 1997 to 80.6%, 75.1% and 53.3% in 2007 for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes, respectively. Finally, screening during the last 12 months increased from 84.5%, 86.5% and 87.4% in 1997 to 94.0%, 94.6% and 94.1% in 2007 for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes, respectively. in Switzerland, the prevalences of self-reported hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes have increased between 1997 and 2007. Management and screening have improved, but further improvements can still be achieved as over one third of subjects with reported CV RFs are not treated.

Los Actores económicos y la dimensión regional : la Cambra de Comerç de Barcelona y Foment del Treball Nacional (1997-2007)

Esta investigación trata de esclarecer qué opinión merece y cómo repercute la existencia de gobiernos regionales en las organizaciones empresariales de ámbito regional. Ello lo observamos mediante el análisis de dos organizaciones empresariales catalanas: Foment del Treball Nacional y la Cambra de Comerç, Indústria i Navegació de Barcelona. Desafortunadamente, como sucede para el caso español, tras más de veinticinco años de experiencia regional existe un vacío en la literatura académica, tan sólo unos pocos estudios referenciados, tanto de organizaciones empresariales regionales como de su opinión sobre el Estado de las Autonomías y sus implicaciones para un determinado modelo económico y proyecto político.

D’Ermua a Patxi López (1997-2009): la complicitat de la premsa amb la política espanyola al País Basc

“D’Ermua a Patxi López (1997-2009): la complicitat de la premsa amb la política espanyola al País Basc” versa sobre la connivència de determinats mitjans de comunicació escrits a Madrid, principalment, amb una estratègia política d’Estat. Una estratègia instigada pels governs del Partit Popular (1996-2004) que perseguia estigmatitzar el conjunt del nacionalisme basc associant-lo al terrorisme de l’organització ETA. Es tractava d’una campanya d’intoxicació de l’opinió pública per desacreditar el govern del PNB a Vitòria i, així, fer possible l’alternança política. Tanmateix, el fracàs del tàndem PP-PSE a les eleccions basques de 2001 dóna pas al perfeccionament de l’alternança, per mitjà de l’aprovació de la Llei de Partits Polítics (2002) que possibilità la posterior il•legalització de l’esquerra abertzale, tot fent-la fora del joc parlamentari.

Dinámica de usos de suelo y paisaje en la cuenca de la Tordera (1987, 1992, 1997 y 2002)

Por medio de este estudio se pretende describir la evolución cronológica (1987, 1992, 1997 y 2002) que ha tenido el uso del suelo, en toda el área que comprende la Cuenca del rio Tordera, localizada en Catalunya, entre las provincias de Barcelona y Girona. Dentro de la cuenca se encuentra el rio Tordera, que tiene al norte como zona de inicio principal al Parque Natural Montseny, pero que también recibe aportes desde Arbúcies y Santa Coloma de Farners, y desemboca en el delta de la Tordera ubicado entre Blanes y Malgrat de Mar. El análisis se enfoca en toda el área de la Cuenca, tratando de describir la dinámica en los usos de suelo y paisajes, además de como ha sido esta durante los periodos estudiados, considerando un poco a las posibles consecuencias y causas de los cambios. Esto gracias a la información extraída de mapas de uso de suelo de los años 1987,1992, 1997 y 2002, aunado también a la consulta de bibliografía que aporte mejores bases a la información. La amplitud e influencia de este cuenca, hacen que sea una zona de gran importancia, no solo por los servicios ambientales que ofrece a los ecosistemas de la zona, sino también desde un punto social, ya que favorece diferentes actividades económicas, que van desde las primarias hasta el sector de servicios, sin dejar de lado al sector industrial y a la construcción. Las razones por las cuales resulta interesante un estudio de este tipo, derivan de la necesidad, de conocer las transformaciones que ha sufrido la cuenca, en sus usos de suelo, ya sea por causas naturales ó también debido a la presión sufrida por actividades antropicas, que la han llevado a una diversifican de usos y sistemas ecológicos y sociales, etc. Lo cual tiene impactos no solo desde un punto de vista paisajístico sino que altera, la dinámica ecológica que se ha mantenido desde épocas muy remotas, generando variaciones en la ecología del paisaje, que deseamos expresar en este estudio.

Species and serovars of the genus Listeria lsolated from different sources in Brazil from 1971 to 1997

Using phenotype techniques, characterization was made to species and serovar of 3,112 strains of Listeria, isolated from different sources of infection such as human (247-7.9%) and animals (239-7.6%), as well as from various routes of infection, including food (2,330-74.8%) and environmental constituents (296-9.5%), all coming from different regions of the country and collected during the period 1971-1997. The following species were recovered in the cultures analysed: L. monocytogenes (774-24.8%), L. innocua (2,269-72.9%), L. seeligeri (37-1.1%), L. welshimeri (22-0.7%), L. grayi (9-0.2%), and L. ivanovii (1-0.03%). L. monocytogenes was represented by ten serovars, the most prevalent being 4b (352-11.3%), 1/2a (162-5.2%), and 1/2b (148-4.7%). The predominant serovar in L. innocua was 6a (2,093-67.2%). Considerations about laboratory methods for diagnosis and epidemiological aspects are presented on the basis of the results obtained.

Performance Tables for 1997 - 1998 (pdf 244 kb)

The Charter for Patients and Clients

Child Care (Pre School Services) Regulations 1996 and Child Care (Pre School Services) (Amendment) Regulations 1997

The purpose of this Guide is to offer guidance on the Child Care (Pre- School Services) Regulations, 1996. It is written for persons charged with responsibility for implementing the legislation and for anyone affected by its provisions, in particular persons who are carrying on or proposing to carry on a pre-school service. The Regulations and the Explanatory Guide expand on the provisions of Part VII of the Child Care Act, 1991 Download the Report here

Long Stay Activity Report 1997

This report presents data collected through a survey of long-stay units in 1997. The aim of the survey is to provide statistics on the number of beds available for long-term care, how the beds are used and the types of patients who occupy these beds Download the Report here

Trends in violent deaths among young people 10-24 years old, in Switzerland, 1969-1997.

PURPOSE: To assess violent death rates and trends between 1969 and 1997 among young people aged 10-24 years old in Switzerland. METHODS: Total causes of death, all external causes of injuries, traffic injuries, suicides and overdoses were retrieved from the databank of the Swiss Federal Statistical Office (SFSO), using the eighth and tenth revisions of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Mortality rates per 100,000 individuals were computed by gender and by age (10-14, 15-19, 20-24) using census records as denominators. RESULTS: In 1995-1997, violent deaths represented the primary cause of fatalities among young people. Rates of violent death were much higher among males than among females, with a ratio of 3.5:1 in 1995-1997 and also became increasingly elevated from the age range of 10-14 to 20-24 years (1.9:1-4.4:1). In 1995-1997, violent deaths accounted for 66% (n = 1221) of all fatalities among young people. Among violent deaths, 36% were due to traffic injuries, 13% to other types of injuries, 32% to suicide, 15% to overdoses, 3% to homicides and 1% to undetermined intent. Between 1969 and 1997, rates of traffic injuries decreased in both genders and in the three age groups considered, while rates of suicide remained stable and rates of overdoses stabilised during the nineties after a sharp increase during the eighties. CONCLUSION: Although violent deaths in Switzerland have become significantly less frequent over the last 30 years, they still represent the single greatest cause of fatalities among young people and, as such, constitute a major public health challenge.

1997 report of the Substance Misuse Prevention Project

This report presents a brief outline of the Substance Misuse Prevention Project at the end of its first year. The report outlines developments under the following headings: Education and training; Community development; Raising awareness and developing resources; Building local contacts; Multi-agency activities; Advice and referral; and, Research and monitoring.This resource was contributed by The National Documentation Centre on Drug Use.

The initial epidemiological studies in the low endemicity schistosomiasis area in esteio, Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost Brazilian State, 1997 to 2000

Nor Biomphalaria glabrata neither Schistosoma mansoni were reported from Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost Brazilian state before 1997. Their detection next to the Sinos River, Esteio, confirmed predictions of schistosomiasis expansion to the south. Parasitological examinations both in snails and fecal samples from the human population were performed from 1997 to 2000. The last 3 out of 5 surveys were performed after a preliminar serological screening procedure in a risk group identified at a population census. A total of 11 infected individuals were found infected and snails from 2 different sites were positive for S. mansoni. Samples from these 2 and other sites were identified as B. glabrata. Egg counts in feces were below 1 per gram in 6 out of 11 patients. Some socio-cultural perceptions of water contact activities next to the Sinos River may cause difficulties to control efforts, but they also may be partially acting against a very rapid increase in transmission intensity. The southernmost schistomiasis mansoni foci in Americas rise the alert for its ongoing expansion.

Revue des hospitalisations du Service de chirurgie générale du CHUV en 1997

[Table des matières] 1. Matériel et méthode. 1.1. Protocole princeps. 1.2. Protocole adapté. 1.3. Analyse des causes de délai. 2. Résultats : exhaustivité de la cueillette de données. 3. Discussion et conclusions. 4. Annexes : 1. Soins requis (PNR). 2. Formulaire de saisie. 3. Responsabilités des délais. 4. Distribution des critères. 5. Cause de délai.

Poverty, inequality and policy since 1997

This study examines the impact of policy on poverty and inequality in Britain since 1997This research shows what effect policies introduced since 1997 have had on reducing poverty and inequality. It offers a considered assessment of impacts over a decade:How did policies change, before 1997 and since then?What evidence is there of impacts on key outcomes?What gaps or problems remain or emerged?The study covers a range of subjects, including public attitudes to poverty and inequality, children and early years, education, health, employment, pensions, and migrants. It measures the extent of progress and also considers future direction and pressures, particularly in the light of recession and an ageing society.The research draws on extensive analysis of policy documents, analysis by government departments and research bodies, published statistics and evaluations, analysis of large-scale datasets, micro-simulation modelling and a long-running qualitative study with residents of low-income neighbourhoods.��