Understanding competence at work

Competence is more than a list of skills; it encompasses how employees define their work. How people understand their jobs affects how they carry them out.

Social competence and peer interactions of students with intellectual disability in an inclusive high school

This paper reports descriptive information on the relationship between social competence and the amount and type of peer interaction for nine adolescents with intellectual disability attending a regular high school. Each adolescent's social competence was assessed using the AAMR Adaptive Behavior Scale-School (2nd edn) (ABS-S:2). Naturalistic observations were conducted to obtain information on the amount and type of peer interaction. Data were analysed to determine the relationship between social competence and peer interactions. Social competence was not consistently correlated with the amount of peer interaction. Results from the naturalistic observations showed individual differences in patterns of peer interaction with a tendency towards more frequent interactions with peers who also had intellectual disabilities. These data suggest that social competence did not significantly influence the amount and type of peer interaction. Implications for facilitating peer interactions between adolescents with and without intellectual disability are discussed.

The competence of mental health occupational therapists

This research sought to investigate the self-perceived competence of mental health occupational therapists in Queensland. The research is a post-hoc analysis of survey results that formed part of the 1995 Professional Development Strategy for Adult Mental Health Services for the Queensland Health Mental Health Unit. A sample of 55 occupational therapists was compared with other professionals in relation to both general self-efficacy and efficacy in specific competencies. The devised scale for measuring self-efficacy was found to have a high level of internal reliability. The results indicated that the general self-perceived competence of occupational therapists for the whole sample was comparable to that of other professional groups, but that in the community-based sample it was significantly higher than that of social workers or nurses. In addition, occupational therapists in community settings had significantly higher general self-perceived competence than occupational therapists in hospital locations. Greater length of experience in mental health was strongly predictive of higher levels of competence for occupational therapists than for other professionals. The results suggest that occupational therapists have adapted well to the demands of multidisciplinary community practice. The possible reasons for these results, and the implications for competency-based recruitment and training, are presented.

Vector competence of Coquillettidia linealis (Skuse) (Diptera : Culicidae) for Ross River and Barmah Forest viruses

Coquillettidia linealis is a severe pest on some of the Moreton Bay islands in Queensland, Australia, but little is known of its breeding habitats and biology. Because of its high abundance and its association with Ross River (RR) and Barmah Forest (BF) viruses by field isolation, its vector competence was evaluated in the laboratory by feeding dilutions of both viruses in blood. For RR, Cq. linealis was of comparable efficiency to Ochlerotatus vigilax (Skuse), recognised as being a major vector. Results were as follows for Cq. linealis and Oc. vigilax , respectively: dose to infect 50%, 10(2.2) and

Enhancement or modulation of the vector competence of ochlerotatus vigilax (Diptera : Culicidae) for Ross River virus by temperature

Two different doses of Ross River virus (1111) were fed to Ochlerotatus vigilax (Skuse), the primary coastal vector in Australia; and blood engorged females were held at different temperatures up to 35 d. After ingesting 10(4.3) CCID50/Mosquito, mosquitoes reared at 18 and 25degreesC (and held at the same temperature) had higher body remnant and head and salivary gland titers than those held at 32degreesC, although infection rates were comparable. At 18, 25, and 32degreesC, respectively, virus was first detected in the salivary glands on days 3, 2, and 3. Based on a previously demonstrated 98.7% concordance between salivary gland infection and transmission, the extrinsic incubation periods were estimated as 5, 4, and 3 d, respectively, for these three temperatures. When Oc. vigilax reared at 18, 25, or 32degreesC were fed a lower dosage of 10(3.3) CCID50 RR/mosquito, and assayed after 7 d extrinsic incubation at these (or combinations of these) temperatures, infection rates and titers were similar. However, by 14 d, infection rates and titers of those reared and held at 18 and 32degreesC were significantly higher and lower, respectively. However, this process was reversible when the moderate 25degreesC was involved, and intermediate infection rates and titers resulted. These data indicate that for the strains of RR and Oc. vigilax used, rearing temperature is unimportant to vector competence in the field, and that ambient temperature variations will modulate or enhance detectable infection rates only after 7 d: extrinsic incubation. Because of the short duration of extrinsic incubation, however, this will do little to influence RR epidemiology, because by this time some Oc. vigilax could be seeking their third blood meal, the latter two being infectious.

Assessing childrens competence in computer interactions: Preliminary reliability and validity of the test of mouse proficiency

The Test of Mouse Proficiency (TOMP) was developed to assist occupational therapists and education professionals assess computer mouse competency skills in children from preschool to upper primary (elementary) school age. The preliminary reliability and validity of TOMP are reported in this paper. Methods used to examine the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and criterion- and construct-related validity of the test are elaborated. In the continuing process of test refinement, these preliminary studies support to varying degrees the reliability and validity of TOMP. Recommendations for further validation of the assessment are discussed along with indications for potential clinical application.

Enhanced vector competence of Aedes aegypti (Diptera : Culicidae) from the torres strait compared with mainland Australia for dengue 2 and 4 viruses

Australian Aedes aegypti (L.) mosquitoes colonized from the Torres Strait and three mainland localities (Charters Towers, Townsville, and Cairns) were fed on blood suspensions containing dengue virus type 2 (DEN-2) or dengue virus type 4 (DEN-4). Variation was found in oral susceptibility to DEN-2 (59-99% infection) and DEN-4 (28-79% infection) among Ae. aegypti assayed for virus at 8, 12, 16, or 20 d after ingestion of infected blood. Torres Strait Ae. aegypti were the most susceptible to DEN-2 and were significantly more efficient in transmission to capillary tube at 16 d (76% transmission) than mainland Ae. aegypti populations (20-28% transmission). Torres Strait Ae. aegypti were also the most susceptible to DEN-4, although transmission did not vary significantly from mainland populations at 16 d (12% compared with 0-4%) or 20 d (16% compared with 4-16%). Disseminated infection (i.e., leg infection) with either DEN-2 or DEN-4 was not an accurate predictor of transmission potential. This study demonstrates differences among Australian Ae. aegypti populations in vector competence for DEN-2 and DEN-4. Torres Strait Ae. aegypti were more frequently infected and able to transmit DEN-2 at higher rates than mainland populations. These data indicate that the Torres Strait region is potentially more receptive to dengue transmission than mainland localities, a finding discussed with respect to past outbreaks.

Vector competence of Australian mosquitoes (Diptera : Culicidae) for Japanese encephalitis virus

Australian mosquitoes were evaluated for their ability to become infected with and transmit a Torres Strait strain of Japanese encephalitis virus. Mosquitoes, which were obtained from either laboratory colonies and collected using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention light traps baited with CO2 and octenol or reared from larvae, were infected by feeding on a blood/sucrose solution containing 10(4.5+/-0.1) porcine stable-equine kidney (PS-EK) tissue culture infectious dose(50)/ mosquito of the TS3306 virus strain. After 14 d, infection and transmission rates of 100% and 81%, respectively, were obtained for a southeast Queensland strain of Culex annulirostris Skuse, and 93% and 61%, respectively, for a far north Queensland strain. After 13 or more days, infection and transmission rates of > 90% and greater than or equal to 50%, respectively, were obtained for southeast Queensland strains of Culex sitiens Wiedemann and Culex quinquefasciatus Say, and a far north Queensland strain of Culex gelidus Theobald. Although infection rates were > 55%, only 17% of Ochlerotatus vigilax (Skuse) and no Cx. quinquefasciatus, collected from far north Queensland, transmitted virus. North Queensland strains of Aedes aegypti L., Ochlerotatus kochi (Donitz), and Verrallina funerea (Theobald) were relatively refractory to infection. Vertical transmission was not detected among 673 F, progeny of Oc. vigilax. Results of the current vector competence study, coupled with high field isolation rates, host feeding patterns and widespread distribution, confirm the status of Cx. annulirostris as the major vector of Japanese encephalitis virus in northern Australia. The relative roles of other species in potential Japanese encephalitis virus transmission cycles in northern Australia are discussed.

Sistema e-Mec:reinven????o processual da educa????o superior em tr??s dimens??es da gest??o p??blica: jur??dica, organizacional e tecnol??gica

Com o objetivo de elevar a qualidade do ensino superior do pa??s, em 2006 o Minist??rio da Educa????o (MEC) iniciou um movimento de ???reinven????o processual??? em tr??s dimens??es: i) jur??dica, com a reformula????o da legisla????o aplic??vel aos processos regulat??rios da educa????o superior; ii) organizacional, implementando mudan??as na din??mica e no desenho das rotinas de trabalho; e iii) tecnol??gica, com a implementa????o do sistema eletr??nico e-MEC de operacionaliza????o dos procedimentos de regula????o. A tr??plice iniciativa permitiu, a um s?? tempo, trazer seguran??a jur??dica, transpar??ncia, credibilidade e celeridade ao processo. Isso possibilitou a cria????o de ambiente prop??cio ao salto qualitativo que o MEC pretendia dar em rela????o tanto ao condicionamento do funcionamento de institui????es e cursos superiores quanto ?? comprova????o da excel??ncia de sua opera????o. O objetivo final??stico foi atingido de maneira satisfat??ria, podendo-se dizer que est?? em curso a institucionaliza????o de uma cultura da qualidade da educa????o superior

Planejamento estrat??gico: contribui????o para o desempenho do Tribunal Superior do Trabalho

O presente estudo investiga em que medida o planejamento estrat??gico do Tribunal Superior do Trabalho contribuiu para o desempenho jurisdicional da Corte, em particular, no tocante ao n??mero de processos solucionados e ao prazo m??dio de tramita????o do processo na Corte. Para tanto, a pesquisa obedeceu ?? metodologia quantitativa, mediante a ado????o da t??cnica n??o param??trica da An??lise Envolt??ria de Dados ??? DEA. Tr??s cen??rios foram analisados, definidos de acordo com os inputs e outpts previamente eleitos. No cen??rio I, no per??odo de 2007 a 2012, o Tribunal Superior do Trabalho atingiu o score de 100% (cem por cento) nos anos de 2007, 2008, 2009 e 2012, ou seja, esses foram os anos em que a Corte alcan??ou os melhores resultados, considerados os inputs utilizados no processo produtivo (fatores de produ????o). Ressalta-se o fato de que os anos 2007, 2008 e 2009 s??o anteriores ?? implanta????o do planejamento estrat??gico no Tribunal. Por sua vez, nos cen??rios II e III, o score de 100% (cem por cento) foi atingido pela Corte nos anos de 2008, 2009 e 2012. Os cen??rios investigados revelaram que os anos anteriores ?? ado????o do planejamento estrat??gico, ?? exce????o de 2012, foram os de maior efici??ncia da Corte, sobretudo os anos de 2008 e 2009, que apresentaram score de 100% nas tr??s conjunturas. Diante desse desfecho, se, por um lado, n??o foi poss??vel relacionar a implanta????o do planejamento estrat??gico com o aumento da efici??ncia do Tribunal Superior do Trabalho, de outra parte, n??o se pode concluir, peremptoriamente, que n??o influenciou no rendimento. Prova disso, foi o ano de 2012, que se mostrou entre os de maior efici??ncia do TST, nos tr??s cen??rios. A pesquisa, portanto, resultou inconclusiva, possivelmente em virtude do pouco tempo de implanta????o do planejamento estrat??gico na Corte, que n??o permitiu a realiza????o da an??lise considerando-se um lapso temporal mais dilatado

Cria????o no Brasil de uma Escola Superior de Administra????o P??blica

O relat??rio produzido pelo embaixador Sergio Paulo Rouanet foi a base para a cria????o da Escola Nacional de Administra????o P??blica (ENAP) e para a carreira voltada ?? formula????o e ?? gest??o de pol??ticas p??blicas no Brasil, a dos Especialistas em Pol??ticas P??blicas e Gest??o Governamental (EPPGG). Assim, este documento constituiu-se no passo decisivo para o processo de profissionaliza????o da Administra????o P??blica Federal no Brasil

Organiza????es sociais, institui????es federais de ensino superior e autonomia universit??ria

O artigo contrap??e modelos alternativos de organiza????o das Institui????es Federais de Ensino Superior (IFES) propostos pelo Minist??rio da Administra????o e Reforma do Estado (MARE), no ??mbito do Programa de Reforma do Estado, e pelo Minist??rio da Educa????o e do Desporto (MEC). Procura tamb??m avaliar de que forma as solu????es propostas enfrentam alguns problemas caracter??sticos dessas institui????es, levantando quest??es sobre a viabilidade desses modelos. Apresenta, ainda, algumas sugest??es para a abordagem dos problemas apontados.