Removal of Zn(2+) from Electroplating Wastewater Using Modified Wood Sawdust and Sugarcane Bagasse

This paper describes the preparation of new adsorbents derived from sugarcane bagasse and wood sawdust (Manilkara sp.) to remove zinc (II) ions from electroplating wastewater. The first part deals with the chemical modification of sugarcane bagasse and wood sawdust, using succinic anhydride to introduce carboxylic acid functions into the material. The obtained materials (modified sugarcane bagasse MB2 and modified wood sawdust MS2) were then characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR) and used in adsorption experiments. The adsorption experiments evaluates Zn(2+) removal from aqueous single metal solution and real electroplating wastewater on both batch and continuous experiments using fixed-bed columns prepared in laboratorial scale with the obtained adsorbents. Adsorption isotherms were then developed using Langmuir model and the Thomas kinetic model. The calculated Zn(2+) adsorption capacities were found to be 145 mg/g for MS2 and 125 mg/g for MB2 in single metal aqueous solution, whereas for the industrial wastewater these values were 61 mg/g for MS2 and 55 mg/g for MB2.

Supplementation of sugarcane bagasse with rice bran and sugarcane molasses for shiitake (Lentinula edodes) spawn production

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Sugarcane bagasse ash as a potential quartz replacement in red ceramic

Sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) is an industrial waste that contains silicon and aluminum oxides as the major components and iron, calcium, magnesium, and potassium oxides as the main minor components. In this paper, SCBA from one Brazilian factory was characterized and tested for its influence on the ceramic properties of clay/ash ceramic probes. Prismatic probes were pressed (18 MPa) using a ceramic mass mixed with 0%, 5%, 8%, and 10% ash. The probes were fired at temperatures between 800 degrees and 1200 degrees C. X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, thermal analysis (differential thermal analysis, thermo-gravimetric analysis/differential thermogravimetric analysis), and tests for texture (particle-size analysis), flexural strength, and linear shrinkage were carried out to characterize the samples. The results showed that the amount of ash to be incorporated will depend on mainly the composition of clay but also ash, and indicated that the clay used in this work can incorporate up to 10% weight of ash to produce solid bricks. The results also showed an improvement in ceramic/ash properties up to sintering temperatures higher than 1000 degrees C.

Crystallization of SiO2-CaO-Na2O Glass Using Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as Silica Source

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Reuse of sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) to produce ceramic materials

Sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) is a residue resulting from the burning of bagasse in boilers in the sugarcane/alcohol industry. SCBA has a very high silica concentration and contains aluminum, iron, alkalis and alkaline earth oxides in smaller amounts. In this work, the properties of sintered ceramic bodies were evaluated based on the concentration of SCBA, which replaced non-plastic material. The ash was mixed (up to 60 wt%) with a clayed raw material that is used to produce roof tiles. Prismatic probes were pressed and sintered at different temperatures (up to 1200 degrees C). Technological tests of ceramic probes showed that the addition of ash has little influence on the ceramic properties up to 1000 C. X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis data showed that, above this temperature the ash participates in the sintering process and in the formation of new important phases. The results reported show that the reuse of SCBA in the ceramic industry is feasible. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Image analysis of modified cellulose fibers from sugarcane bagasse by zirconium oxychloride

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Sugarcane bagasse cellulose/HDPE composites obtained by extrusion

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

NOVEL CELLULOSE/NbOPO4 center dot nH(2)O HYBRID MATERIAL FROM SUGARCANE BAGASSE

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

SURFACE MODIFICATION of SUGARCANE BAGASSE CELLULOSE and ITS EFFECT on MECHANICAL and WATER ABSORPTION PROPERTIES of SUGARCANE BAGASSE CELLULOSE HDPE COMPOSITES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Mechanical properties of HIPS/sugarcane bagasse fiber composites after accelerated weathering

The effect of accelerated weathering on the visual appearance and on mechanical properties of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) as well as HIPS reinforced with mercerized and bleached sugarcane bagasse fibers composites are investigated. After accelerated weathering period of 900 h, under UV-B radiation and moisture regular cycles, changes in mechanical properties are investigated by tensile tests. Materials fracture surfaces are investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study showed that the exposure time was sufficient to change the visual appearance of HIPS as the composites. From this study, it was observed that composites reinforced with bleached fibers are less susceptible to accelerated weathering exposure than composites reinforced with mercerized fibers, which is explained by the higher amount of lignin present in mercerized fibers. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of [name organizer]

Analysis of Acid Alizarin Violet N Dye Removal Using Sugarcane Bagasse as Adsorbent

With the development of the textile industry, there has been a demand for dye removal from contaminated effluents. In recent years, attention has been directed toward various natural solid materials that are capable of removing pollutants from contaminated water at low cost. One such material is sugarcane bagasse. The aim of the present study was to evaluate adsorption of the dye Acid Violet Alizarin N with different concentrations of sugarcane bagasse and granulometry in agitated systems at different pH. The most promising data (achieved with pH 2.5) was analyzed with both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms equations. The model that better fits dye adsorption interaction into sugarcane bagasse is Freundlich equation, and thus the multilayer model. Moreover, a smaller bagasse granulometry led to greater dye adsorption. The best treatment was achieved with a granulometry value lower than 0.21 mm at pH 2.50, in which the total removal was estimated at a concentration of 16.25 mg mL(-1). Hence, sugarcane bagasse proves to be very attractive for dye removal from textile effluents.

Use of sugarcane bagasse and grass hydrolysates as carbon sources for xylanase production by Bacillus circulans D1 in submerged fermentation

The use of sugarcane bagasse and grass as low cost raw material for xylanase production by Bacillus circulans D1 in submerged fermentation was investigated. The microorganism was cultivated in a mineral medium containing hydrolysate of bagasse or grass as carbon source. High production of enzyme was obtained during growth in media with bagasse hydrolysates (8.4 U/mL) and in media with grass hydrolysates (7.5 U/mL). Xylanase production in media with hydrolysates was very close to that obtained in xylan containing media (7.0 U/ mL) and this fact confirm the feasibility of using this agro-industrial byproducts by B. circulans D1 as an alternative to save costs on the enzyme production process. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Acid Black 48 dye biosorption using Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilized with treated sugarcane bagasse

The textile industry consumes large quantities of water and chemicals, especially in dyeing and finishing processes. Textile dye adsorption can be accomplished with natural or synthetic compounds. Cell immobilization using biomaterials allows the reduction of toxicity and mechanical resistance and opens spaces within the matrix for cell growth. The use of natural materials, such as sugarcane bagasse, is promising due to the low costs involved. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of sugarcane bagasse treated with either polyethyleneimine (PEI), NaOH or distilled water in the cell immobilization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for textile dye removal. Three different adsorption tests were conducted: treated sugarcane bagasse alone, free yeast cells and bagasse-immobilized yeast cells. Yeast immobilization was 31.34% with PEI-treated bagasse, 8.56% with distilled water and 22.54% with NaOH. PEI-treated bagasse exhibited the best removal rates of the dye at all pH values studied (2.50, 4.50 and 6.50). The best Acid Black 48 adsorption rates were obtained with use of free yeast cells. At pH 2.50, 1 mg of free yeast cells was able to remove 5488.49 g of the dye. The lowest adsorption capacity rates were obtained using treated bagasse alone. However, the use of bagasse-immobilized cells increased adsorption efficiency from 20 to 40%. The use of immobilized cells in textile dye removal is very attractive due to adsorbed dye precipitation, which eliminates the industrial need for centrifugation processes. Dye adsorption using only yeast cells or sugarcane bagasse requires separation methods.