A vulnerabilidade no esporte e a exposição às novas mídias: um estudo sobre o twitter

Pós-graduação em Desenvolvimento Humano e Tecnologias - IBRC

Análise do líquido cefalorraquidiano, tomografia computadorizada craniana e angiotomografia cerebral de Alouatta guariba - Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812 (Bugio ruivo)

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Cl-synch: protocolo alternativo para inseminação artificial em tempo fixo em búfalas, criadas em sistema extensivo na Amazônia

Apesar dos avanços tecnológicos alcançados no manejo de criação de búfalos e de técnicas de melhoramento genético, pouco se utilizam na prática para búfalos criados de forma extensiva. O desenvolvimento de protocolos de sincronização, que diminuam o estresse de contenção e reduzem os custos, contribuirá para o incremento da utilização da IATF nos rebanhos bubalinos. O experimento objetivou avaliar um método de sincronização e IATF econômico e pratico compatível ao tipo de criação extensiva. O experimento foi realizado em três fazendas distintas, duas em uma região de várzea, no Estado do Amapá (Local 1 e 2) conduzido na estação reprodutiva favorável. O terceiro no estado do Pará em pastagem cultivada de terra firme. Foram utilizadas 208 búfalas lactantes mestiças mediterrâneo/murrah com idades variadas de 2,5 a 10 anos com histórico de período pós parto ≥ 60 dias. As matrizes que portavam um corpo lúteo foi aplicado 2.0 ml Intra-Muscular de prostaglandina (PGF2α) (150μg/D-cloprostenol) no Dia 0 = D0. Setenta duas horas depois (Dia 3 = D3), foram realizados exame ginecológico para verificar a presença de muco e contratilidade uterina, e posterior inseminação e aplicação de 1.0 ml (100μg) IM de GnRH, com sêmen, de diferentes reprodutores. O diagnóstico de prenhez foi realizado entre 45 a 90 dias, através da palpação retal. O CL-Synch proporcionou uma taxa de prenhez media de 42,79%. Houve efeito significativo das variáveis: presença de contratilidade uterina (χ²= 10.9891; P= 0.0009), muco (χ²= 10.9891; P= 0.0009) e a condição corporal, (χ²= 20.2247; P= 0.0005). A presença do tônus uterino e do muco uterino mostraram-se como excelentes sinais indicativos de uma resposta de crescimento e diferenciação folicular e ovulação à estimulação hormonal. A relação reprodutor e taxa de prenhez não foi estatisticamente significativo (P=0,1684), sugerindo a uniformidade na qualidade do sêmen congelado proveniente da mesma central. Concluí-se que o CL-synch é promissor e suas vantagens se concentram no manejo de contenção das fêmeas e o baixo custo, pois possibilita a contenção somente duas vezes, quando comparado aos demais protocolos que necessitam de contenção de quatro vezes ou mais, diminuindo consideravelmente o estresse.

Análise do líquido cefalorraquidiano de bugio-ruivo (Alouatta guariba)

This survey was conducted with the objective of developing and adapting diagnostic techniques in neurology for non-human primates, of the species Alouatta guariba Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812 (howler monkey) healthy and kept in captivity. Physical-chemical analyses were carried out in cerebrospinal fluid and its pressure measurement in the cisterna magna. Eight animals were used for the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid. In all procedures, were used chemical restraint and anesthesia with ketamine, xylazine and association of midazolam and inhalational anesthesia with isoflurane for carrying out the spinal tap. The cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed average values: protein: 16.92±9.84; glucose: 131.25mg/dL±106.7; pH: 8.37±0.69; nucleated cells: 0.5/mm³±0.75; red blood cells: 49.37/mm³±111.76 and CSF cisternal pressure: 7.37cm H2O±1.77. This study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of cerebrospinal fluid collection in the cisterna magna of Alouatta guariba, and the reference values for the specie.

Utilização da acupuntura no tratamento de cães com discopatia intervertebral

The intervertebral disc diseases have a high casuistic in clinical routines veterinary among dogs. These conditions can cause pain, paresis or paralysis of limbs depending on the degree of injury. Clinical signs are not limited to the intervertebral disc, other anatomical parts are included. In conventional medicine, treatment may be surgical or clinical, by the use of corticosteroids with muscle relaxants. Acupuncture was an alternative to treating these diseases due to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Although there are few studies for the treatment of discopathies, acupuncture triggers the release of substances such as dynorphins, beta-endorphins and serotonin, among others; that act inhibiting somatic and visceral pain. Electroacupuncture is used to potentiate the effects of acupuncture. It can be performed with different frequencies according to the clinical evolution. However there are different opinions related to the greater efficacy in relation to acupuncture. The restraint and monitoring of the treated animal are important factors for its recovery. The association between acupuncture and conventional treatment (surgical or clinical) achieved better results than acupuncture alone. This proves that acupuncture can be considered an option in order to minimize the complications of surgery or assist in patient recovery

Dental care for cerebral palsy patients using auxiliary resources to inhibit pathological tonic reflexes

Cerebral paralysis is a chronic illness that affects the central nervous system. In this article the author describes the techniques used at CAOE (Odontological Center for Assistance to patients with special needs) to restraint CP patients during dental treatment, because they present some pathological reflexes which interfere in their odontological assistance. Also it shows how to perform a special physical restraint and how to keep the mouth open by using simple tools including a homemade one. All the devices used during the dental treatment in cerebral palsy patients, such as the physical restraint with bands or sheet to wrap them up, cylindrical pad or cushion made of a soft material, or simple tools including a homemade one to keep the mouth open are usually and safely used in CAOE. All these simple devices are necessary, because there are no available funds for the acquisition of expensive material or equipment. Despite of a shortage of resources we can easily and efficiently assist these patients.

A experiência materna com seu recém-nascido em fototerapia

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem - FMB

El tópico del justo medio en los Epigramas de Marco V. Marcial

Roma durante la época de los Flavios. Un primer acercamiento a la obra impresiona al lector por la desmesura de los vicios de la sociedad descripta y por la obscenidad del lenguaje utilizado por el escritor. Sin embargo, en una lectura más profunda, se van descubriendo composiciones de una enorme belleza, además se reconoce una voz que va exponiendo una filosofía de vida en la que se enaltecen la sencillez, la mesura y se condenan los excesos. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar algunos epigramas donde aparece explícitamente la mediocritas como un ‘ideal de vida’, y comentar otros en los que el epigramista critica negativamente la intemperantia.

Condicionantes de la adherencia y anclaje en el refuerzo de muros de fábrica con elementos de fibras

Es cada vez más frecuente la rehabilitación de patrimonio construido, tanto de obras deterioradas como para la adecuación de obras existentes a nuevos usos o solicitaciones. Se ha considerado el estudio del refuerzo de obras de fábrica ya que constituyen un importante número dentro del patrimonio tanto de edificación como de obra civil (sistemas de muros de carga o en estructuras principales porticadas de acero u hormigón empleándose las fábricas como cerramiento o distribución con elementos autoportantes). A la hora de reparar o reforzar una estructura es importante realizar un análisis de las deficiencias, caracterización mecánica del elemento y solicitaciones presentes o posibles; en el apartado 1.3 del presente trabajo se refieren acciones de rehabilitación cuando lo que se precisa no es refuerzo estructural, así como las técnicas tradicionales más habituales para refuerzo de fábricas que suelen clasificarse según se trate de refuerzos exteriores o interiores. En los últimos años se ha adoptado el sistema de refuerzo de FRP, tecnología con origen en los refuerzos de hormigón tanto de elementos a flexión como de soportes. Estos refuerzos pueden ser de láminas adheridas a la fábrica soporte (SM), o de barras incluidas en rozas lineales (NSM). La elección de un sistema u otro depende de la necesidad de refuerzo y tipo de solicitación predominante, del acceso para colocación y de la exigencia de impacto visual. Una de las mayores limitaciones de los sistemas de refuerzo por FRP es que no suele movilizarse la resistencia del material de refuerzo, produciéndose previamente fallo en la interfase con el soporte con el consecuente despegue o deslaminación; dichos fallos pueden tener un origen local y propagarse a partir de una discontinuidad, por lo que es preciso un tratamiento cuidadoso de la superficie soporte, o bien como consecuencia de una insuficiente longitud de anclaje para la transferencia de los esfuerzos en la interfase. Se considera imprescindible una caracterización mecánica del elemento a reforzar. Es por ello que el trabajo presenta en el capítulo 2 métodos de cálculo de la fábrica soporte de distintas normativas y también una formulación alternativa que tiene en cuenta la fábrica histórica ya que su caracterización suele ser más complicada por la heterogeneidad y falta de clasificación de sus materiales, especialmente de los morteros. Una vez conocidos los parámetros resistentes de la fábrica soporte es posible diseñar el refuerzo; hasta la fecha existe escasa normativa de refuerzos de FRP para muros de fábrica, consistente en un protocolo propuesto por la ACI 440 7R-10 que carece de mejoras por tipo de anclaje y aporta valores muy conservadores de la eficacia del refuerzo. Como se ha indicado, la problemática principal de los refuerzos de FRP en muros es el modo de fallo que impide un aprovechamiento óptimo de las propiedades del material. Recientemente se están realizando estudios con distintos métodos de anclaje para estos refuerzos, con lo que se incremente la capacidad última y se mantenga el soporte ligado al refuerzo tras la rotura. Junto con sistemas de anclajes por prolongación del refuerzo (tanto para láminas como para barras) se han ensayado anclajes con llaves de cortante, barras embebidas, o anclajes mecánicos de acero o incluso de FRP. Este texto resume, en el capítulo 4, algunas de las campañas experimentales llevadas a cabo entre los años 2000 y 2013 con distintos anclajes. Se observan los parámetros fundamentales para medir la eficacia del anclajes como son: el modo de fallo, el incremento de resistencia, y los desplazamientos que permite observar la ductilidad del refuerzo; estos datos se analizan en función de la variación de: tipo de refuerzo incluyéndose el tipo de fibra y sistema de colocación, y tipo de anclaje. Existen también parámetros de diseño de los propios anclajes. En el caso de barras embebidas se resumen en diámetro y material de la barra, acabado superficial, dimensiones y forma de la roza, tipo de adhesivo. En el caso de anclajes de FRP tipo pasador la caracterización incluye: tipo de fibra, sistema de fabricación del anclajes y diámetro del mismo, radio de expansión del abanico, espaciamiento longitudinal de anclajes, número de filas de anclajes, número de láminas del refuerzo, longitud adherida tras el anclaje; es compleja la sistematización de resultados de los autores de las campañas expuestas ya que algunos de estos parámetros varían impidiendo la comparación. El capítulo 5 presenta los ensayos empleados para estas campañas de anclajes, distinguiéndose entre ensayos de modo I, tipo tracción directa o arrancamiento, que servirían para sistemas NSM o para cuantificar la resistencia individual de anclajes tipo pasador; ensayos de modo II, tipo corte simple, que se asemeja más a las condiciones de trabajo de los refuerzos. El presente texto se realiza con objeto de abrir una posible investigación sobre los anclajes tipo pasador, considerándose que junto con los sistemas de barra embebida son los que permiten una mayor versatilidad de diseño para los refuerzos de FRP y siendo su eficacia aún difícil de aislar por el número de parámetros de diseño. Rehabilitation of built heritage is becoming increasingly frequent, including repair of damaged works and conditioning for a new use or higher loads. In this work it has been considered the study of masonry wall reinforcement, as most buildings and civil works have load bearing walls or at least infilled masonry walls in concrete and steel structures. Before repairing or reinforcing an structure, it is important to analyse its deficiencies, its mechanical properties and both existing and potential loads; chapter 1, section 4 includes the most common rehabilitation methods when structural reinforcement is not needed, as well as traditional reinforcement techniques (internal and external reinforcement) In the last years the FRP reinforcement system has been adopted for masonry walls. FRP materials for reinforcement were initially used for concrete pillars and beams. FRP reinforcement includes two main techniques: surface mounted laminates (SM) and near surface mounted bars (NSM); one of them may be more accurate according to the need for reinforcement and main load, accessibility for installation and aesthetic requirements. One of the main constraints of FRP systems is not reaching maximum load for material due to premature debonding failure, which can be caused by surface irregularities so surface preparation is necessary. But debonding (or delamination for SM techniques) can also be a consequence of insufficient anchorage length or stress concentration. In order to provide an accurate mechanical characterisation of walls, chapter 2 summarises the calculation methods included in guidelines as well as alternative formulations for old masonry walls as historic wall properties are more complicated to obtain due to heterogeneity and data gaps (specially for mortars). The next step is designing reinforcement system; to date there are scarce regulations for walls reinforcement with FRP: ACI 440 7R-10 includes a protocol without considering the potential benefits provided by anchorage devices and with conservative values for reinforcement efficiency. As noted above, the main problem of FRP masonry walls reinforcement is failure mode. Recently, some authors have performed studies with different anchorage systems, finding that these systems are able to delay or prevent debonding . Studies include the following anchorage systems: Overlap, embedded bars, shear keys, shear restraint and fiber anchors. Chapter 4 briefly describes several experimental works between years 2000 and 2013, concerning different anchorage systems. The main parameters that measure the anchorage efficiency are: failure mode, failure load increase, displacements (in order to evaluate the ductility of the system); all these data points strongly depend on: reinforcement system, FRP fibers, anchorage system, and also on the specific anchorage parameters. Specific anchorage parameters are a function of the anchorage system used. The embedded bar system have design variables which can be identified as: bar diameter and material, surface finish, groove dimensions, and adhesive. In FRP anchorages (spikes) a complete design characterisation should include: type of fiber, manufacturing process, diameter, fan orientation, anchor splay width, anchor longitudinal spacing and number or rows, number or FRP sheet plies, bonded length beyond anchorage devices,...the parameters considered differ from some authors to others, so the comparison of results is quite complicated. Chapter 5 includes the most common tests used in experimental investigations on bond-behaviour and anchorage characterisation: direct shear tests (with variations single-shear and double-shear), pullout tests and bending tests. Each of them may be used according to the data needed. The purpose of this text is to promote further investigation of anchor spikes, accepting that both FRP anchors and embedded bars are the most versatile anchorage systems of FRP reinforcement and considering that to date its efficiency cannot be evaluated as there are too many design uncertainties.

Proteção de linhas de transmissão de sistemas VSC-HVDC utilizando limitadores de corrente de falta

Tecnologias HVDC que utilizam conversores do tipo fonte de tensão, o VSC-HVDC, ainda não são completamente difundidas e aplicadas no Brasil, em contraste com outros países que começaram a estudar e empregar este tipo de transmissão. Comparado com o HVDC tradicional, o VSC-HVDC é uma tecnologia de transmissão mais eficiente e pode superar deficiências encontradas na transmissão em corrente contínua convencional. O VSC-HVDC pode ser utilizado de maneira mais eficiente nas novas redes de energia, para alimentar ilhas, integração de geração eólica, renovação das linhas em centros urbanos, aplicações multiterminais e conexão com sistemas fracos. Por se tratar de uma tecnologia recente, o VSC-HVDC ainda não é amplamente adotado e uma das principais limitações da utilização destes sistemas é a sua fragilidade diante faltas na linha de corrente contínua. Neste contexto, limitadores de corrente de falta (LCF) podem ser utilizados para minimizar o impacto das faltas. A ação dos limitadores é benéfica ao sistema durante condições de falta, contudo, ainda assim é necessária a atuação do sistema de proteção para extinguir a condição faltosa. Portanto, este trabalho visa propor e avaliar um novo esquema de proteção que opere de maneira seletiva e confiável para sistemas VSC-HVDC na presença de LCF baseados em materiais supercondutores ou LCF indutivos. Para tanto, foram implementadas quatro funções de proteção tradicionais das linhas em CC, a saber: direcional de corrente, diferencial, sobrecorrente com restrição de tensão e ondas viajantes, e ainda, foi proposta uma nova função de proteção, a de condutância, a qual apresentou o menor tempo de identificação de falta, considerando as faltas mais severas. Adicionalmente, foi avaliado o comportamento destas funções quando o sistema apresenta os LCF em série com a linha. Foi demonstrado que é possível extrair os benefícios dos LCF sem deteriorar a qualidade dos resultados das funções de proteção, o que aumenta a segurança e confiabilidade dos sistemas VSC-HVDC, uma vez que os impactos das faltas são minimizados e as mesmas são identificadas em um curto intervalo de tempo.

Haematological values of young male rusa deer (Cervus timorensis)

Objective To measure haematological values of clinical significance for rusa deer and provide reference data for farmed animals. Design Blood samples were collected regularly from eight male rusa deer from 14 days to 27 months old. Procedure Blood samples, collected by venipuncture, were analysed within 6 hours of collection for red cell count, haemoglobin, packed cell volume, plasma glucose, white cell count and differentials. Results Haemoglobin concentrations appeared to increase with age and ranged from 6.0 to 20.9 g/dL. Packed cell volume and plasma glucose concentration did not appear to vary with age. White cell counts ranged from 6.3 to 7.0 x 10(9)/L and differential counts indicated neutrophils > lymphocytes > monocytes > eosinophils > basophils. In general, the values for packed cell volume, red cell count, mean cell volumes and mean cell haemoglobin concentrations were within ranges previously reported for captive or sedated rusa deer. Conclusions Physical restraint and resultant stress was sufficient to generate some of the effects previously reported for physically immobilised or agitated deer. The values reported here do not differ greatly from those previously reported for rusa deer and can be used as reference values for clinically healthy young farmed male rusa deer.

On the modulation of the effects of some 5 - HT - related agents in axiety models

The results of an investigation into how stressors interact with the action of serotonergic agents in animal models of anxiety are presented. Water deprivation and restraint both increased plasma corticosterone concentrations and elevated 5-HT turnover. In the elevated X-maze, water deprivation had a duration-dependent "anxiolytic" effect. The effect of restraint was dependent on the duration of restraint and was to inhibit maze exploration. Water-deprivation did not influence the action of diazepam or any 5-HT1A ligand in the X-maze. Restraint switched the "anxiogenic" effect of 8-0H-DPAT to either "anxiolytic" or inactive, depending on the time after the restraint when testing was performed. The Vogel conflict test detected an "anxiolytic" "anxiolytic"V"anxiolytic""anxiolytic" effect of buspirone which was additive with "anxiolytic" effects of pindolol and propranolol. Diazepam and fluoxetine were also active, but 8-0H-DPAT, ipsapirone, gepirone and yohimbine were inactive. In the elevated X-maze, "anxiogenic" responses to picrotoxin, flumazenil, RU 24969, CGS 12066B, fluoxetine and 8-0H-DPAT were detected. Other 5-HT1A ligands were inactive. Diazepam and corticosterone had "anxiolytic" effects. Increasing light intensity did not change behaviour on the elevated X-maze, but was able to reverse the effect of 8- OH-DPAT to an "anxiolytic" action. This effect was attributed to a presynaptic mechanism, because it was abolished by pCPA. The occurence of different behaviours in different reglons of the maze was shown to be susceptible to modulation by "anxiolytic" and "anxiogenic" drugs. These results are discussed in the context of there being at least two separate 5-HT mechanisms which are involved in the control of anxiety.

Lateral instability of slender reinforced concrete columns in a fire environment

The research concerns the development and application of an analytical computer program, SAFE-ROC, that models material behaviour and structural behaviour of a slender reinforced concrete column that is part of an overall structure and is subjected to elevated temperatures as a result of exposure to fire. The analysis approach used in SAFE-RCC is non-linear. Computer calculations are used that take account of restraint and continuity, and the interaction of the column with the surrounding structure during the fire. Within a given time step an iterative approach is used to find a deformed shape for the column which results in equilibrium between the forces associated with the external loads and internal stresses and degradation. Non-linear geometric effects are taken into account by updating the geometry of the structure during deformation. The structural response program SAFE-ROC includes a total strain model which takes account of the compatibility of strain due to temperature and loading. The total strain model represents a constitutive law that governs the material behaviour for concrete and steel. The material behaviour models employed for concrete and steel take account of the dimensional changes caused by the temperature differentials and changes in the material mechanical properties with changes in temperature. Non-linear stress-strain laws are used that take account of loading to a strain greater than that corresponding to the peak stress of the concrete stress-strain relation, and model the inelastic deformation associated with unloading of the steel stress-strain relation. The cross section temperatures caused by the fire environment are obtained by a preceding non-linear thermal analysis, a computer program FIRES-T.

Similarities between eating attitudes among friendship groups in childhood:the moderating role of child anxiety

Objective: This study explores the similarities between individual and group eating and weight concerns in 8-11-year-old children. It also evaluates whether child anxiety moderates the relationships between individual and group eating and weight concerns. Methods: One hundred and fifty four children aged 8-11 completed questionnaires concerning their friendship groups, their eating and weight concerns, and their levels of anxiety. Results: Children's own scores on dietary restraint, body dissatisfaction, and external eating were significantly correlated with their friendship groups' scores on dietary restraint. Child anxiety moderated the relationships between group dietary restraint and individual scores on external eating. Group levels of dietary restraint predicted higher levels of external eating in children with moderate or high anxiety. Conclusions: In pre-adolescent children, peer group levels of dietary restraint are related to individual eating and weight concerns. More anxious children may be more susceptible to peer influences on their eating behaviors. © The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press.

Transportation Coordination in Iowa (2016)

Iowa Code section 324A.4, subsection 2, states the Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT) “shall biennially prepare a report to be submitted to the general assembly and the governor prior to December 15 of even-numbered years. The report shall recommend methods to increase transportation coordination and improve the efficiency of federal, state, and local government programs used to finance public transit services and may address other topics as appropriate.” Iowa has long been a leader in transportation coordination, from designated public transit agencies covering all 99 counties with little duplication, to requiring any agency receiving public dollars for the provision of transportation to first coordinate with the local public transit agency before providing the transportation on their own, to the creation of the Iowa Transportation Coordination Council. Coordination allows Iowa to provide much needed transportation services to the citizens of Iowa with the most efficient use of public funds. Coordination has been an important topic in Iowa for many years, but during these times of economic constraint and restraint and Iowa’s changing demographics, coordination of transportation services becomes even more critical.