Building team-based working:a practical guide to organizational transformation

Building Team-based Working is designed for use by managers and consultants who are introducing team-based working into organizations. The book synthesizes knowledge about how to build team-based organizations, focusing particularly on the psychological and social processes that can facilitate or obstruct successful teamwork. Rather than advise managers on how to build effective teams, as most books in this area tend to do, this book instead focuses on how to build organizations structured around teams. The text is divided into six sections describing the six main stages of developing team-based working in an organization. The chapters follow a common structure. Each one opens with a summary of the aims and activities relevant to that stage and concludes with a selection of appropriate support materials and tools. These materials can also be downloaded from the CD accompanying the text. The advice given is based on evidence gathered by the authors over 20 years of practical management experience, research work in organizations, and consultancy across the public, manufacturing and service sectors.

Team-based working and employee well being:a cross-cultural comparison of United Kingdom and Hong Kong health services

This study examined the impact of team-based working, team structure, and job design on employee well-being (in term of job satisfaction and work stress) in staff working in healthcare organizations in Hong Kong. Cross-cultural differences in the impact of job design, team structure, and employee well-being outcomes between United Kingdom and Hong Kong were also investigated. A group of 197 staff from two Hong Kong hospitals were compared to a sample of 270 UK staff working in National Health Service organizations in the UK. Results showed that team structure and job design were significantly associated with greater employee satisfaction and lower stress for Hong Kong healthcare staff. Culture was also found to moderate the impact of team structure and job design on employee well-being. The findings suggest that although team structure and job design contribute to employee well-being, they have differential impacts across cultures. This provides insights to policy planning on building team-based organizations in the healthcare sector involving multinational collaboration.

Project Proposals Development – Entrepreneurship and Reflection in Teaching Information Technology

This work presents a model for development of project proposals by students as an approach to teaching information technology while promoting entrepreneurship and reflection. In teams of 3 to 5 participants, students elaborate a project proposal on a topic they have negotiated with each other and with the teacher. The project domain is related to the practical application of state-of-theart information technology in areas of substantial public interest or of immediate interest to the participants. This gives them ample opportunities for reflection not only on technical but also on social, economic, environmental and other dimensions of information technology. This approach has long been used with students of different years and programs of study at the Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Plovdiv University “Paisiy Hilendarski”. It has been found to develop all eight key competences for lifelong learning set forth in the Reference Framework and procedural skills required in real life.

Magyarországi „munkavállaló-barát” (employee friendly) szervezetek – Valóság vagy utópia (avagy mit tanulhatunk tőlük?) = The Hungarian employee friendly organizations: reality or Utopia (or what can we learn from them?)

A szerzők feltáró kutatásukban munkavállaló-barát szervezeti megoldásokat kerestek és vizsgáltak multiparadigmikus (Primecz, 2008) megközelítéssel, kritikai és funkcionalista szemszögből. Munkavállalóbarát szervezeti gyakorlatnak tekintették azokat a szervezeti kultúrában gyökerező szervezeti kereteket és gyakorlatokat, amelyek nagymértékben támogatják a munkavállalókat a munka és magánélet egyensúlyának elérésében és megtartásában (Toarniczky et al., 2011). Eredményeik szerint a munkavállaló-barát gyakorlatokat akkor értékelik legjobban a szervezeti tagok, ha a közvetlen vezető és kollégák jól értik a támogatandó munkavállaló helyzetét és rugalmasan fordítják le a hétköznapokra a HR-rendszereket. Ezzel együtt több feszültség keletkezik a szervezetben a munkavállaló-barát gyakorlatokban, amelyekre figyelni lehetne, anélkül, hogy a kialakított gyakorlatokat felszámolnák. _____ The authors in their research investigated employee friendly practices, which they defined as frameworks and practices rooted in organisational culture that gives maximum support for employees trying to reach and keep balance between work and private life (Toarniczky et al., 2011) through multiparadigm research (Primecz, 2008). They conducted exploratory research (interviews, focus groups, document-analysis, and questionnaire) at ten Hungarian-based organizations, and they investigated employee friendly work practices through functionalist and critical lenses. Their results shows that employee friendly practices work well, when the immediate boss and colleagues understand the need of organization al member, who are supported, and HR procedures are translated flexibly. At the same time tension within the organization al subgroups always present, and this should be handled by the organization without cancelling employee friendly practices.

In God we trust: Faith-based development, spiritual transformation, and economic change in southern Andean indigenous communities

In communities throughout the developing world, faith-based organizations (FBOs) focus on goals such as eradicating poverty, bolstering local economies, and fostering community development, while premising their activities and interaction with local communities on theological and religious understandings. Due to their pervasive interaction with participants, the religious ideologies of these FBOs impact the religious, economic, and social realities of communities. This study investigates the relationship between the international FBO, World Vision International (WVI), and changes to religious, economic, and social ideologies and practices in Andean indigenous communities in southern Peruvian. This study aims to contribute to the greater knowledge and understanding of (1) institutionalized development strategies, (2) faith-based development, and (3) how institutionalized development interacts with processes of socio-cultural change. Based on fifteen months of field research, this study involved qualitative and quantitative methods of participant-observation, interviews, surveys, and document analysis. Data were primarily collected from households from a sample of eight communities in the Pitumarca and Combapata districts, department of Canchis, province of Cusco, Peru where two WVI Area Development Programs were operating. Research findings reveal that there is a relationship between WVI’s intervention and some changes to religious, economic, and social structure (values, ideologies, and norms) and practices, demonstrating that structure and practices change when social systems are altered by new social actors. Findings also revealed that the impacts of WVI’s intervention greatly increased over the course of several years, demonstrating that changes in structure and practice occur gradually and need a period of time to take root. Finally, results showed that the impacts of WVI’s intervention were primarily limited to those most closely involved with the organization, revealing that the ability of one social actor to incite changes in the structure and practice of another actor is associated with the intensity of the relationship between the social actors. The findings of this study should be useful in ascertaining deductions and strengthening understandings of how faith-based development organizations impact aspects of religious, economic, and social life in the areas where they work.

The role of neighborhood organizations in the production of gentrifiable urban space: The case of Wynwood, Miami's Puerto Rican barrio

Partnerships between government and community-based actors and organizations are considered the hallmark of contemporary governance arrangements for the revitalization and gentrification of economically distressed, inner city areas. This dissertation uses historical, narrative analysis and ethnographic methods to examine the formation, evolution and operation of community-based governance partnerships in the production of gentrifiable urban space in the Wynwood neighborhood of Miami, FL between 1970 and 2010. This research is based on more than four years of participant observation, 60 in-depth interviews with respondents recruited through a purposive snowball sample, review of secondary and archival sources, and descriptive, statistical and GIS analysis. This study examines how different organizations formed in the neighborhood since the 1970s have facilitated the recent gentrification of Wynwood. It reveals specifically how partnerships between neighborhood-based government agencies, nonprofit organizations and real estate developers were constructed to be exclusionary and lead to inequitable economic development outcomes for Wynwood residents. The key factors conditioning these inequalities include both the rationalities of action of the organizations involved and the historical contexts in which their leaders’ thinking and actions were shaped. The historical contexts included the ethnic politics of organizational funding in the 1970s and the “entrepreneurial” turn of community-based economic development and Miami urban politics since the 1980s. Over time neighborhood organizations adopted highly pragmatic rationalities and repertoires of action. By the 2000s when Wynwood experienced unprecedented investment and redevelopment, the pragmatism of community-based organizations led them to become junior partners in governance arrangements and neighborhood activists were unable to directly challenge the inequitable processes and outcomes of gentrification.

The early development and pilot -testing of a case management intervention with victims of stalking: An evaluation study

This study evaluated the early development and pilot-testing of Project IMPACT, a case management intervention for victims of stalking. The Design and Development framework (Rothman & Thomas, 1994) was used as a guide for program development and evaluation. Nine research questions examined the processes and outcomes associated with program implementation. ^ The sample included all 36 clients who participated in Project IMPACT between February of 2000 and June of 2001, as well as the victim advocates who provided them with services. Quantitative and qualitative data were drawn from client case files, participant observation field notes and interview transcriptions. Quantitative data were entered into three databases where: (1) clients were the units of analysis (n = 36), (2) services were the units of analysis (n = 1146), and (3) goals were the units of analysis (n = 149). These data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's Chi-square, Spearman's Rho, Phi, Cramer's V, Wilcoxon's Matched Pairs Signed-Ranked Test and McNemar's Test Statistic. Qualitative data were reduced via open, axial and selective coding methods. Grounded theory and case study frameworks were utilized to analyze these data. ^ Results showed that most clients noted an improved sense of well-being and safety, although residual symptoms of trauma remained for numerous individuals. Stalkers appeared to respond to criminal and civil justice-based interventions by reducing violent and threatening behaviors; however, covert behaviors continued. The study produced findings that provided preliminary support for the use of several intervention components including support services, psycho-education, safety planning, and boundary spanning. The psycho-education and safety planning in particular seemed to help clients cognitively reframe their perceptions of the stalking experience and gain a sense of increased safety and well-being. A 65% level of satisfactory goal achievement was observed overall, although goals involving justice-based organizations were associated with lower achievement. High service usage was related to low-income clients and those lacking in social support. Numerous inconsistencies in program implementation were found to be associated with the skills and experiences of victim advocates. Thus, recommendations were made to further refine, develop and evaluate the intervention. ^

Predicting Academic Performance Based on Students' Blog and Microblog Posts

This study investigates the degree to which textual complexity indices applied on students’ online contributions, corroborated with a longitudinal analysis performed on their weekly posts, predict academic performance. The source of student writing consists of blog and microblog posts, created in the context of a project-based learning scenario run on our eMUSE platform. Data is collected from six student cohorts, from six consecutive installments of the Web Applications Design course, comprising of 343 students. A significant model was obtained by relying on the textual complexity and longitudinal analysis indices, applied on the English contributions of 148 students that were actively involved in the undertaken projects.

Predicting Student Performance and Differences in Learning Styles based on Textual Complexity Indices applied on Blog and Microblog Posts

Social media tools are increasingly popular in Computer Supported Collaborative Learning and the analysis of students' contributions on these tools is an emerging research direction. Previous studies have mainly focused on examining quantitative behavior indicators on social media tools. In contrast, the approach proposed in this paper relies on the actual content analysis of each student's contributions in a learning environment. More specifically, in this study, textual complexity analysis is applied to investigate how student's writing style on social media tools can be used to predict their academic performance and their learning style. Multiple textual complexity indices are used for analyzing the blog and microblog posts of 27 students engaged in a project-based learning activity. The preliminary results of this pilot study are encouraging, with several indexes predictive of student grades and/or learning styles.

Évolution des aptitudes physiques et motrices d’élèves-athlètes inscrits dans un programme de spécialisation sportive et d’élèves-athlètes inscrits dans un programme de diversification sportive.

Résumé : L’entrainement sportif est « un processus de perfectionnement de l’athlète dirigé selon des principes scientifiques et qui, par des influences planifiées et systématiques (charges) sur la capacité de performance, vise à mener le sportif vers des performances élevées et supérieures dans un sport ou une discipline sportive » (Harre, 1982). Un entrainement sportif approprié devrait commencer dès l’enfance. Ainsi, le jeune sportif pourrait progressivement et systématiquement développer son corps et son esprit afin d’atteindre l’excellence sportive (Bompa, 2000; Weineck, 1997). Or plusieurs entraineurs, dans leur tentative de parvenir à des résultats de haut niveau rapidement, exposent les jeunes athlètes à une formation sportive très spécifique et rigoureuse, sans prendre le temps de développer convenablement les aptitudes physiques et motrices et les habiletés motrices fondamentales sous-jacentes aux habiletés sportives spécifiques (Bompa, 2000), d’où l’appellation « spécialisation hâtive ». Afin de contrer les conséquences néfastes de la spécialisation hâtive, de nouvelles approches d’entrainement ont été proposées. Une des façons d’y arriver consisterait notamment à pratiquer différents sports en bas âge (Fraser-Thomas, Côté et Deakin, 2008; Gould et Carson, 2004; Judge et Gilreath, 2009; LeBlanc et Dickson, 1997; Mostafavifar, Best et Myer, 2013), d’où l’appellation « diversification sportive ». Plusieurs organisations sportives et professionnelles ont décidé de valoriser et de mettre en place des programmes basés sur la diversification sportive (Kaleth et Mikesky, 2010). C’est donc à la suite d’une prise de conscience des effets néfastes de la spécialisation hâtive que des professionnels de l’activité physique d’une école secondaire du Québec (éducateur physique, kinésiologue et agent de développement sportif) ont mis en place un programme multisports-études novateur au premier cycle du secondaire, inspiré des sciences du sport et des lignes directrices du modèle de développement à long terme de l’athlète (DLTA) (Balyi, Cardinal, Higgs, Norris et Way, 2005). Le présent projet de recherche porte sur le développement des aptitudes physiques et motrices chez de jeunes sportifs inscrits à un programme de spécialisation sportive et de jeunes sportifs inscrits à un programme de diversification sportive à l’étape « S’entrainer à s’entrainer » (12 à 16 ans) du modèle de développement à long terme de l’athlète (Balyi et al., 2005). L’objectif principal de cette étude est de rendre compte de l’évolution des aptitudes physiques et motrices de jeunes élèves-athlètes inscrits, d’une part, à un programme sport-études soccer (spécialisation) et, d’autre part, à un programme multisports-études (diversification). Plus spécifiquement, cette étude tente de (a) dresser un portrait détaillé de l’évolution des aptitudes physiques et motrices des élèves-athlètes de chaque programme et de faire un parallèle avec la planification annuelle de chaque programme sportif et (b) de rendre compte des différences d’aptitudes physiques et motrices observées entre les deux programmes. Le projet de recherche a été réalisé dans une école secondaire de la province de Québec. Au total, 53 élèves-athlètes de première secondaire ont été retenus pour le projet de recherche selon leur volonté de participer à l’étude, soit 23 élèves-athlètes de première secondaire inscrits au programme sport-études soccer et 30 élèves-athlètes de première secondaire inscrits au programme multisports-études. Les élèves-athlètes étaient tous âgés de 11 à 13 ans. Treize épreuves standardisées d’aptitudes physiques et motrices ont été administrées aux élèves-athlètes des deux programmes sportifs en début, en milieu et en fin d’année scolaire. Le traitement des données s’est effectué à l’aide de statistiques descriptives et d’une analyse de variance à mesures répétées. Les résultats révèlent que (a) l’ensemble des aptitudes physiques et motrices des élèves-athlètes des deux programmes sportifs se sont améliorées au cours de l’année scolaire, (b) il est relativement facile de faire un parallèle entre l’évolution des aptitudes physiques et motrices des élèves-athlètes et la planification annuelle de chaque programme sportif, (c) les élèves-athlètes du programme multisports-études ont, en général, des performances semblables à celles des élèves-athlètes du programme sport-études soccer et (d) les élèves-athlètes du programme sport-études soccer ont, au cours de l’année scolaire, amélioré davantage leur endurance cardiorespiratoire, alors que ceux du programme multisports-études ont amélioré davantage (a) leur vitesse segmentaire des bras, (b) leur agilité à l’épreuve de course en cercle et (c) leur puissance musculaire des membres inférieurs, confirmant ainsi que les aptitudes physiques et motrices développées chez de jeunes athlètes qui se spécialisent tôt sont plutôt spécifiques au sport pratiqué (Balyi et al., 2005; Bompa, 1999; Cloes, Delfosse, Ledent et Piéron, 1994; Mattson et Richards, 2010), alors que celles développées à travers la diversification sportive sont davantage diversifiées (Coakley, 2010; Gould et Carson, 2004; White et Oatman, 2009). Ces résultats peuvent s’expliquer par (a) la spécificité ou la diversité des tâches proposées durant les séances d’entrainement, (b) le temps consacré à chacune de ces tâches et (c) les exigences reliées à la pratique du soccer comparativement aux exigences reliées à la pratique de plusieurs disciplines sportives. Toutefois, les résultats obtenus restent complexes à interpréter en raison de différents biais : (a) la maturation physique, (b) le nombre d’heures d’entrainement effectué au cours de l’année scolaire précédente, (c) le nombre d’heures d’entrainement offert par les deux programmes sportifs à l’étude et (d) les activités physiques et sportives pratiquées à l’extérieur de l’école. De plus, cette étude ne permet pas d’évaluer la qualité des interventions et des exercices proposés lors des entrainements ni la motivation des élèves-athlètes à prendre part aux séances d’entrainement ou aux épreuves physiques et motrices. Finalement, il serait intéressant de reprendre la présente étude auprès de disciplines sportives différentes et de mettre en évidence les contributions particulières de chaque discipline sportive sur le développement des aptitudes physiques et motrices de jeunes athlètes.

The +Contigo Project in the Voice of Eight-Grade Students

The +Contigo Project is a longitudinal research project based on a multilevel network intervention aimed at promoting mental health and well-being and preventing suicidal behaviors. Students participate in social skills training sessions on the stigma of mental disorders, adolescence, self-esteem, problem-solving skills, and wellbeing. Problem statement: To identify the qualitative impact of the +Contigo Project. Objectives: To identify the importance of the project for students, the problem situations which it helped to solve, and its impact on an individual level. Research methods: Content analysis (Bardin, 2009) with a posteriori categorical identification. Semi-structured interview guide with 5 questions. A convenience sample of 16 students, from three schools of one school cluster in the Center Region of Portugal, was used. The ethical aspects of parental consent, voluntary participation and data confidentiality were addressed. Findings: Fourteen categories emerged from the data analysis. The answers to Question 4 'How was this project important to you?' were particularly relevant. Students mentioned that it improved their self-esteem by increasing self-confidence and interpersonal skills, and that it increased their reflection and awareness on problems with which they learned how to cope during the sessions. Conclusions: All interviewees considered that the +Contigo project helped them to solve problems, improve their interpersonal skills and cope with the adolescence period. Students improved their self-esteem and self-knowledge, and were able to apply what they had learned in the sessions in their daily lives. We concluded that the project had a positive impact on the students' mental health.

The Effects of the Project Approach on Children in Inclusive Early Childhood Classrooms

Research on the impact of the Project Approach on young children with disabilities or children who are at-risk is limited. Mixed methods were used to study the impact of the Project Approach on the social interactions, challenging behaviors, and language development of eight focal children in two inclusive classrooms. Child participants were two children with IEPs and two children identified as at-risk from each class. Adult participants were six professionals who received high quality supports to implement the Project Approach. Adults were interviewed prior to the beginning of the study and again mid-, and post-implementation. Choice time observations were videotaped twice per week over 14 weeks to assess the impact of the Project Approach on play levels and MLUm. Results revealed that social interactions, challenging behaviors, vocabulary, MLUm, were positively impacted following implementation of the Project Approach. Limitations of the study and suggestions for research and practice are discussed.

Project work in a Basque L2 classroom: students’ perceptions

[EN] Project Work has been acknowledged as an efficient medium for language learning for more than two decades (Stoller, 2006) according to the numerous successful applications of project-based programmes that have been reported. In spite of the lack of sufficient controlled studies to assess the benefits of project work, and the existence of some studies giving evidence of students discontent with project work, the reports given by second language (SL) and foreign language students (FL) who have experienced project based instruction give support to the success attributed to project-based learning, as they recognised having improved language skills, learnt content, developed real life skills, as well as gained in self-confidence and motivation (Sierra, 2008 and 2011; Stoller, 2006). The aim of the present study is to explore some key issues involved in implementing a project-based programme focusing on the students’ perceptions of learning gains, their views on the collaborative assessment scheme used in the programme, and the students’ overall evaluations of the implementation of project work in a post-compulsory secondary education context in Navarre, Spain, with students learning Basque as a second language. A group of 12 students enrolled in a project work based programme participated in the study. Results showed that the students’ perceptions were very positive concerning doing projects, learning gains and group work, although more grammar instruction and teacher-fronted activities were requested by the students. However, the collaborative assessment process and the use of a Notebook/Diary as a reflection tool bore mixed evaluations.

Análisis de las barreras para la unificación de una Historia Clínica Electrónica -HCE- en Colombia

Objetivo: Identificar las barreras para la unificación de una Historia Clínica Electrónica –HCE- en Colombia. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a profesionales y expertos de 22 instituciones del sector salud, de Bogotá y de los departamentos de Cundinamarca, Santander, Antioquia, Caldas, Huila, Valle del Cauca. Resultados: Colombia se encuentra en una estructuración para la implementación de la Historia Clínica Electrónica Unificada -HCEU-. Actualmente, se encuentra en unificación en 42 IPSs públicas en el departamento de Cundinamarca, el desarrollo de la HCEU en el país es privado y de desarrollo propio debido a las necesidades particulares de cada IPS. Conclusiones: Se identificaron barreras humanas, financieras, legales, organizacionales, técnicas y profesionales en los departamentos entrevistados. Se identificó que la unificación de la HCE depende del acuerdo de voluntades entre las IPSs del sector público, privado, EPSs, y el Gobierno Nacional.

Collaborative e-learning and Learning Objects

The Learning Object (OA) is any digital resource that can be reused to support learning with specific functions and objectives. The OA specifications are commonly offered in SCORM model without considering activities in groups. This deficiency was overcome by the solution presented in this paper. This work specified OA for e-learning activities in groups based on SCORM model. This solution allows the creation of dynamic objects which include content and software resources for the collaborative learning processes. That results in a generalization of the OA definition, and in a contribution with e-learning specifications.