A constituição do mundo psíquico e as doenças relacionadas ao trabalho

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Identidade marginal na literatura para crianças e jovens: os personagens de Lygia Bojunga

Pós-graduação em Letras - IBILCE

Representações de meio ambiente por crianças da educação infantil

Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar as representações de crianças da Educação Infantil (EI) sobre o meio ambiente, em interface com a Educação Ambiental, como forma de entender as relações que a criança tem de si com o meio ambiente, tendo como foco principal as idéias e imagens que as crianças fazem do meio ambiente. A pesquisa postula uma abordagem qualitativa com ênfase à metodologia da teoria da representação social de Serge Moscovici (1978), Jodelet et al. (2001), associado ao trabalho de percepção ambiental, balizadas em Del Rio (1996); Tuan (1980, 1983). Para o processo de intervenção foram utilizadas estratégias de percepções, efetivadas através um passeio exploratório e interpretativo do espaço sala de aula, e do jogo das evocações, cujas ilustrações foram inspiradas nas tipologias de ambiente segundo Sauvé et al. (2000) e Sato (2004), evocadas sob a expressão indutora meio ambiente. Todas as atividades foram balizadas pelas expressões orais e pictóricas das crianças, dados esses analisados a partir do conteúdo gráfico e discursivo contidos nas construções sociais de meio ambiente, numa interpretação infantil. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 20 crianças de 6 anos de idade, alunos da educação infantil de uma escola pública, situada no bairro Montese, na cidade de Belém (PA). Nas análises dos dados tornou-se evidente o valor topofílico em relação aos ambientes, em especial, os do convívio escolar e familiar das crianças, expressos pela afetividade, elemento fundamental de formação da identidade pessoal e de inter-relações com o meio ambiente. De acordo com as evocações, os resultados mostraram que as crianças concebem o meio ambiente como problema na 1ª evocação, como biosfera na 2ª evocação, e por último, como natureza. Na estrutura representacional, o ambiente como problema mostrou ser o Núcleo Central das representações sociais que, confirmados pelos desenhos e falas infantis, indicam o poder de veiculação da mídia em torno de suas concepções, estes ancorados na necessidade de preservar (intervenção) o meio ambiente para garantir a vida no planeta.

Programa de Educação de Jovens e Adultos Conquista a Cidadania Negada: a experiência de Bauru (SP)

A Educação de Jovens e Adultos na Unesp de Bauru, teve início em 1999, com um projeto de extensão para atender funcionários do Campus e comunidade. Dois anos depois, a PROEX organizou um Programa de Educação de Jovens e Adultos com duas dimensões: atender aos funcionários da universidade e à comunidade. Seus objetivos são: reconstruir a identidade pessoal, social e a cidadania por meio da escolaridade; possibilitar aos alunos do Curso de Pedagogia e de outras licenciaturas experiência de organizar e desenvolver projetos de alfabetização de jovens e adultos; articular atividades de capacitação, pesquisa e discussão de políticas públicas junto ao Centro de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (CEJA) da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Bauru. Desde 2002 adotou-se a metodologia de parcerias com instituições, associações e igrejas que atendiam às comunidades periféricas, incluindo levantamento da demanda e espaços comunitários para serem usados como salas de aula. O desenvolvimento do processo educacional tem sido trabalhado por alunos universitários bolsistas e voluntários sob orientação de professores do Departamento de Educação da Faculdade de Ciências Unesp/Bauru. A universidade promove também cursos de formação para todos os campi envolvidos no PEJA. Os resultados obtidos em Bauru apontam para a realização dos objetivos propostos, para a constituição da identidade social dos participantes e sua inserção na sociedade enquanto cidadãos e para a formação dos alunos universitários e seu papel como educadores.

A racionalização das tradições na modernidade: o diálogo entre Anthony Giddens e Jürgen Habermas

Based on the reflections of Habermas and his conception of modernity, understood as an unfinished project, Giddens stresses that in all societies the maintenance of personal identity and its connection to broader social identities is a primordial requirement for ontological security. To achieve ontological security, modernity had to (re) invent traditions and get away from genuine traditions, that is, those values radically linked to the pre-modern past. This is a character of the discontinuity of modernity, the separation between what is presented as the new and that which persists as the legacy of the old. This article discusses the relationship between tradition and modernity and the dialogue between Giddens and Habermas. The goal is to identify the points of contact and the differences in the theses defended by both authors, in order to assess their contributions to discussions of the rationalization of contemporary societies. Late or reflexive modernity is an uninterrupted process of changes that affect the foundations of Western society. Faced with a reality of constant change, it is necessary to choose between the certainty of the past and a new reality of continuous change. In this sense, and according to the Habermasian perspective, the reflexive character of modernity is found in this process of choosing between the certainties inherited from the past and new social forms, a process that that leads to the reflection on - or even the recasting of - social practices, causing the rationalization and (re) invention of various aspects of life in society.

Adoecimento no trabalho: um estudo de caso

The exercise of a professional activity provides the human beings the possibility of making part of the life in society, as members of a culture. In this perspective, the work confers the possibility of the construction of the professional and the personal identity. However, there are some situations in which the worker gets sick. Present e discuss a case report of sick leaves due to illness constituted the central objective of this study.

Propriedade intelectual e Teoria Social Crítica: caso do aprimoramento de sementes e dos direitos dos agricultores

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Políticas públicas de inclusão na educação infantil: um estudo em creches do município de Franca

Pós-graduação em Planejamento e Análise de Políticas Públicas - FCHS

Das Biobankgeheimnis : Schutz der Persönlichkeitsrechte in der biomedizinischen Forschung

Biobanken sind Sammlungen von Körpersubstanzen, die mit umfangreichen gesundheits- und lebensstilbezogenen sowie geneologischen Daten ihrer Spender verknüpft sind. Sie dienen der Erforschung weit verbreiteter Krankheiten. Diese sog. Volkskrankheiten sind multifaktoriell bedingte Krankheiten. Dies bedeutet, dass diese Krankheiten das Ergebnis eines komplizierten Zusammenspiels von umwelt- und verhaltensrelevanten Faktoren mit individuellen genetischen Prädispositionen sind. Forschungen im Bereich von Pharmakogenomik und Pharmakogenetik untersuchen den Einfluss von Genen und Genexpressionen auf die individuelle Wirksamkeit von Medikamenten sowie auf die Entstehung ungewollter Nebenwirkungen und könnten so den Weg zu einer individualisierten Medizin ebnen. Menschliches Material ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil dieser Forschungen und die Nachfrage nach Sammlungen, die Proben mit Daten verknüpfen, steigt. Einerseits sehen Mediziner in Biobanken eine Chance für die Weiterentwicklung der medizinischen Forschung und des Gesundheitswesens. Andererseits lösen Biobanken auch Ängste und Misstrauen aus. Insbesondere wird befürchtet, dass Proben und Daten unkontrolliert verwendet werden und sensible Bereiche des Persönlichkeitsrechts und der persönlichen Identität betroffen sind. Diese Gefahren und Befürchtungen sind nicht neu, sondern bestanden schon in der Vergangenheit bei jeglicher Form der Spende von Körpersubstanzen. Neu ist aber der Umfang an Informationen, der durch die Genanalyse entsteht und den Spender in ganz besonderer Weise betreffen kann. Bei der Speicherung und Nutzung der medizinischen und genetischen Daten ergibt sich somit ein Spannungsfeld insbesondere zwischen dem Recht der betroffenen Datenspender auf informationelle Selbstbestimmung und den Forschungsinteressen der Datennutzer. Im Kern dreht sich die ethisch-rechtliche Bewertung der Biobanken um die Frage, ob diese Forschung zusätzliche Regeln braucht, und falls ja, wie umfassend diese sein müssten. Im Zentrum dieser Diskussion stehen dabei v.a. ethische Fragen im Zusammenhang mit der informierten Einwilligung, dem Datenschutz, der Wiederverwendung von Proben und Daten, der Information der Spender über Forschungsergebnisse und der Nutzungsrechte an den Daten. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, vor dem Hintergrund des Verfassungsrechts, insbesondere dem Recht auf informationelle Selbstbestimmung, das Datenschutzrecht im Hinblick auf die Risiken zu untersuchen, die sich aus der Speicherung, Verarbeitung und Kommunikation von persönlichen genetischen Informationen beim Aufbau von Biobanken ergeben. Daraus ergibt sich die weitere Untersuchung, ob und unter welchen Voraussetzungen die sich entgegenstehenden Interessen und Rechte aus verfassungsrechtlichem Blickwinkel in Einklang zu bringen sind. Eine wesentliche Frage lautet, ob die bisherigen rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen ausreichen, um den Schutz der gespeicherten höchstpersönlichen Daten und zugleich ihre angemessene Nutzung zu gewährleisten. Das Thema ist interdisziplinär im Schnittfeld von Datenschutz, Verfassungsrecht sowie Rechts- und Medizinethik angelegt. Aus dem Inhalt: Naturwissenschaftliche und empirische Grundlagen von Biobanken – Überblick über Biobankprojekte in Europa und im außereuropäischen Ausland – Rechtsgrundlagen für Biobanken - Recht auf informationelle Selbstbestimmung - Recht auf Nichtwissen - Forschungsfreiheit - Qualitätssicherung und Verfahren – informierte Einwilligung – globale Einwilligung - Datenschutzkonzepte - Forschungsgeheimnis –– Biobankgeheimnis - Biobankgesetz

Tradurre la saggistica: proposta di traduzione di un estratto di "The invisible history of the human race"

The aim of this dissertation is to propose the translation of four chapters from "The invisible history of the human race", an essay by the Australian author and journalist Christine Kenneally. This essay offers a non-systematic overview upon genealogy in connection to the idea of personal identity; above all, the author wants to persuade the reader that genealogy could be the perfect linking point between history and science, family lines and DNA. The translated chapters particularly concentrate on the reasons of the current underestimation of genealogy, which, according to Kenneally, lies in the Nazi’s distorted use of ancestry and in the exploitation of the idea of biological diversity in order to discriminate people. The dissertation is composed of four chapters. The first chapter consists in a concise analysis of the characteristics of the textual genre and in a theoretical introduction and approach to the translation of essays, where the main generic and essay-specific translation strategies are outlined. The second chapter presents a detailed illustration of the topics treated in the essay and particularly in the translated pages. The third chapter contains the translation and the fourth presents a systematic comment to the translation and to the choices made during the translation of the text.

Double Take Project: Using Applied Theatre For Campus Climate Change

Despite research gathered in the Campus Climate Report, I believe that it underrepresented the student experience of the social scene. The document primarily served as an identification tool for four major problems on campus: binge drinking, sexual assault, diversity, and disengagement in the classroom. Double Take Project also identifies similar issues however, this project uses theatrical techniques to gather the anecdotal reality of the student perspective. Double Take Project expands beyond the Campus Climate Report to inspire dialogue in a variety of student-to-student interactions and, more importantly, the project seeks action and solution plans. The social scene dominates our culture and its many issues result in concern for the safety, self-identity, and development of Bucknell students into thriving adults. Double Take Project is rooted in the belief that theatre is a palpable tool for social change. Over the course of many events, Double Take Project has utilized facets of theatre to provide opportunities to voice discontent, widen perception of normalcy on campus, and inspire confidence to act on personal beliefs. The Double Take Project uses many Applied Theatre methods to impact the social scene. For example, I conducted 36 student interviews and transformed the stories into a one-woman show, Rage Behind Curtains, which I performed at multiple venues across campus. I also used interviews to create a radio show airing one story per day. I conducted ten workshops with student groups, Fraternities and Sororities, and in the classroom utilizing Augusto Boal’s Theatre of the Oppressed (TO) techniques. I also created a “social scene confessional” where I stood outside the Elaine Langone Center with a sign that read, “Tell me a story about the social scene” from a wide variety of Bucknell students. Finally, I have assembled a Forum Theatre Company based on Augusto Boal’s method of the spect-actor, utilizing participants as both actors and spectators in the theatre piece. All of the names indicated in this paper have been altered to protect the identity of the participants. While planning events and conducting various theatrical experiences, I learned that there are a series of internal and external issues contributing to our social environment. Internally, students are conflicted with personal beliefs while battling outward social pressure. Whether they are on the outskirts or center of the social scene determines their response to this conflict. For example, I have discovered that students on the borders of the social culture respond with criticism because they feel excluded, whereas the student’s centrally involved critique the culture in private and while their persona appears to not want change. Externally, there are many structural issues that contribute to the current social climate such as without Fraternity meal plans, Cafeteria space is not sufficient to feed all of the students, exclusive party culture, and gendered housing. Through meetings with Deans and staff, I have learned there are also problems between administration and students, resulting in resentment and blame. Although addressing structural issues would instigate immediate change, in my opinion, internal student conflicts are the primary cause for the current negative social atmosphere. I believe that pressure to conform is rooted in lack of personal identity. Because students simply do not know themselves, they form strong social groups that become the definition of themselves. Without confident self-awareness, large and powerful groups coerce students to accept social norms resulting in the individual’s outward distaste for change, yet internal discomfort.

Resocialisation of Disabled Veterans in Former Yugoslavia

The team examined 147 amputated war veterans in the former Yugoslavia between February and December 1998. The official end of the war, substitution of lost body parts and adjustment to the new state of physical disability added extra tasks to these people's efforts to rejoin "normal life". The resocialisation process of amputated persons, i.e. the process of their return into the social environment with the related readjustment and establishment, was observed through its objective and subjective indicators. In addition to obtaining information about socio-demographic characteristics and current working status, the group focused on the psychological dimension, i.e. the individual reality of the disabled persons. In this sense they began with research into the personal, social and professional identity (how they see themselves under these altered circumstances and how they determine their place in the world). To do so they used the model of basic personality supports and observed the resocialisation according to the psychological support systems. They therefore focused on the following topics: body, social identity and belonging, personal identity, working status and engagement, individual responsibility and expectations from the social environment, and orientation towards the future. These were considered with respect to certain significant socio-demographic characteristics of the interviewees. The data were gathered through standardised interviews. Bearing in mind the unpopularity of this subject among experts in the country and the lack of material in specialist literature, the group chose to use descriptive research logic in order to "record" the situation in this field and to establish a framework for future studies which may be methodologically and statistically more complex and thematically more focused.

La crítica al sujeto en la filosofía de Theodor W. Adorno

El propósito de la presente tesis es realizar una lectura de la crítica al concepto de subjetividad en la filosofía de Theodor W. Adorno. Los objetivos de tal lectura son fundamentalmente dos: por un lado, particularizar la crítica adorniana en el marco de otras críticas al concepto de subjetividad que marcaron el campo de la filosofía contemporánea y, al mismo tiempo, establecer un diálogo con las lecturas que de la filosofía adorniana hicieron algunos miembros más jóvenes de la denominada Escuela de Frankfurt: Jürgen Habermas, Albrecht Wellmer -críticas al compromiso con una filosofía de la conciencia- así como Axel Honneth -crítica al modelo funcionalista de análisis de lo social-. Para esto se pondrá de relieve la centralidad del materialismo adorniano en el que el concepto de naturaleza cumple un rol central, así como el carácter crítico-normativo que de este materialismo se podría plantear. Con esto se hará posible tanto diferenciar la crítica adorniana como defenderla según la confianza de que con ella se puede hacer pensable un concepto de subjetividad no represivo capaz de desarticular la rigidez del modelo moderno de identidad personal

Hacia una nueva lectura de la geografía en la Ilíada

Este artículo propone estudiar el Catalogo de las Naves desde una perspectiva nueva, diferente a la forma tradicional a como éste ha sido abordado por los arqueólogos. La geografía cultural trata sobre los temas de identidad y paisaje, y dentro de este contexto se puede afirmar que el catálogo recrea el paisaje de donde proviene los dos grupos de héroes, nos muestra un escenario rugoso y montañoso para los aqueos, que refleja el propio territorio de Grecia, y otro fértil y con muchos ríos para los troyanos que evoca la planicie de Anatolia. Se argumenta que el Catalogo construye identidades ligadas al tema del territorio y que es una expresión del Panhelenismo.

La crítica al sujeto en la filosofía de Theodor W. Adorno

El propósito de la presente tesis es realizar una lectura de la crítica al concepto de subjetividad en la filosofía de Theodor W. Adorno. Los objetivos de tal lectura son fundamentalmente dos: por un lado, particularizar la crítica adorniana en el marco de otras críticas al concepto de subjetividad que marcaron el campo de la filosofía contemporánea y, al mismo tiempo, establecer un diálogo con las lecturas que de la filosofía adorniana hicieron algunos miembros más jóvenes de la denominada Escuela de Frankfurt: Jürgen Habermas, Albrecht Wellmer -críticas al compromiso con una filosofía de la conciencia- así como Axel Honneth -crítica al modelo funcionalista de análisis de lo social-. Para esto se pondrá de relieve la centralidad del materialismo adorniano en el que el concepto de naturaleza cumple un rol central, así como el carácter crítico-normativo que de este materialismo se podría plantear. Con esto se hará posible tanto diferenciar la crítica adorniana como defenderla según la confianza de que con ella se puede hacer pensable un concepto de subjetividad no represivo capaz de desarticular la rigidez del modelo moderno de identidad personal