Migrating eprints.org data to a Fez repository

This document records the process of migrating eprints.org data to a Fez repository. Fez is a Web-based digital repository and workflow management system based on Fedora (http://www.fedora.info/). At the time of migration, the University of Queensland Library was using EPrints 2.2.1 [pepper] for its ePrintsUQ repository. Once we began to develop Fez, we did not upgrade to later versions of eprints.org software since we knew we would be migrating data from ePrintsUQ to the Fez-based UQ eSpace. Since this document records our experiences of migration from an earlier version of eprints.org, anyone seeking to migrate eprints.org data into a Fez repository might encounter some small differences. Moving UQ publication data from an eprints.org repository into a Fez repository (hereafter called UQ eSpace (http://espace.uq.edu.au/) was part of a plan to integrate metadata (and, in some cases, full texts) about all UQ research outputs, including theses, images, multimedia and datasets, in a single repository. This tied in with the plan to identify and capture the research output of a single institution, the main task of the eScholarshipUQ testbed for the Australian Partnership for Sustainable Repositories project (http://www.apsr.edu.au/). The migration could not occur at UQ until the functionality in Fez was at least equal to that of the existing ePrintsUQ repository. Accordingly, as Fez development occurred throughout 2006, a list of eprints.org functionality not currently supported in Fez was created so that programming of such development could be planned for and implemented.

The influence of supra-optimal root-zone temperatures on growth and stomatal conductance in Capsicum annuum L.

Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants were grown aeroponically in a Singapore greenhouse under natural diurnally fluctuating ambient shoot temperatures, but at two different root-zone temperatures (RZTs): a constant 20 +/- 2 degrees C RZT and a diurnally fluctuating ambient (A) (25-40 degrees C) RZT, Plants grown at 20-RZT had more leaves, greater leaf area and dry weight than A-RZT plants. Reciprocal transfer experiments were conducted between RZTs to investigate the effect on plant growth, stomatal conductance (g(s)) and water relations. Transfer of plants from A-RZT to 20-RZT increased plant dry weight, leaf area, number of leaves, shoot water potential (Psi(shoot)), and g(s); while transfer of plants from 20-RZT to A-RZT decreased these parameters. Root hydraulic conductivity was measured in the latter transfer and decreased by 80% after 23 d at A-RZT. Transfer of plants from 20-RZT to A-RZT had no effect on xylem ABA concentration or xylem nitrate concentration, but reduced xylem sap pH by 0.2 units. At both RZTs, g(s) measured in the youngest fully expanded leaves increased with plant development. In plants with the same number of leaves, A-RZT plants had a higher g(s) than 20-RZT plants, but only under high atmospheric vapour pressure deficit. The roles of chemical signals and hydraulic factors in controlling g(s) of aeroponically grown Capsicum plants at different RZTs are discussed.

High-frequency acousto-electric single-photon source

We propose a single optical photon source for quantum cryptography based on the acoustoelectric effect. Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) propagating through a quasi-one-dimensional channel have been shown to produce packets of electrons that reside in the SAW minima and travel at the velocity of sound. In our scheme, the electron packets are injected into a p-type region, resulting in photon emission. Since the number of electrons in each packet can be controlled down to a single electron, a stream of single- (or N-) photon states, with a creation time strongly correlated with the driving acoustic field, should be generated.

Do increases in xylem sap pH and/or ABA concentration mediate stomatal closure following nitrate deprivation?

Stomatal conductance (g(s)) of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants decreased during the second photoperiod (day 2) after withholding nitrate (N). Stomatal closure of N-deprived plants was not associated with a decreased shoot water potential (Psi(shoot)); conversely Psi(shoot) was lower in N-supplied plants. N deprivation transiently (days 2 and 3) alkalized (0.2-0.3 pH units) xylem sap exuded from de-topped root systems under root pressure, and xylem sap expressed from excised shoots by pressurization. The ABA concentration of expressed sap increased 3-4-fold when measured on days 2 and 4. On day 2, leaves detached from N-deprived and N-supplied plants showed decreased transpiration rates when fed an alkaline (pH 7) artificial xylem (AX) solution, independent of the ABA concentration (10-100 nM) supplied. Thus changes in xylem sap composition following N deprivation can potentially close stomata. However, the lower transpiration rate of detached N-deprived leaves relative to N-supplied leaves shows that factors residing within N-deprived leaves also mediate stomatal closure, and that these factors assume greater importance as the duration of N deprivation increases.

Opções de manejo de Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guenée), (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) com bases biológicas e controle mecânico, biológicos e extratos de plantas

A broca-pequena-do-fruto, Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) é uma praga de grande importância na cultura do tomateiro. Desta forma, métodos de manejo que auxiliem no controle dessa praga e que reduzam a aplicação de agrotóxicos devem ser estudados. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar métodos alternativos de manejo da broca-pequena-do-fruto, como: o controle biológico, através da utilização de parasitoides do gênero Trichogramma e nematoides entompatogênicos (Heterorhabditis indica e Sterneneima carpocapsae); o controle físico, por meio do ensacamento de cachos de tomate com o tecido-não-tecido (TNT); e o controle químico através do estudo da atividade inseticida de plantas como a pimenta, o fumo, o alho e a mamona nas fases embrionárias, larval, pupal e adulta. Desta forma, por meio das análises foi possível verificar que a espécie e/ou linhagem de Trichogramma que mais se destacou foi T. galloi (Tg1) com características biológicas favoráveis ao manejo de N. elegantalis. Para os nematoides entomopatogênicos, S. carpocapsae, foi o mais efetivo, causando uma mortalidade de 82,93% a uma concentração de 65 juvenis infectivos por pré-pupa da broca-pequena-do-fruto. Através do ensacamento dos frutos, foi possível verificar a redução na oviposição da praga em frutos do tomateiro para quase zero com sacolas de TNT com fundo fechado, não ocorrendo alteração no peso, pH e graus brix do fruto, enquanto que no controle químico através de inseticidas botânicos foi possível verificar o destaque do extrato aquoso de fumo, reduzindo a oviposição, entrada e saída das lagartas nos frutos; causando mortalidade na fase embrionária, lagarta, pré-pupa e pupa da broca-pequena-do-fruto.

Efeito da adição de óleo essencial de pimenta rosa (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) microencapsulado em queijo minas frescal

A pimenta rosa é o fruto da aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi), uma planta nativa do Brasil. A extração e caracterização do seu óleo essencial viabiliza a sua utilização industrial. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da adição de óleo essencial de pimenta rosa em queijo Minas Frescal . Foram identificados 95,36% dos constituintes do óleo essencial, sendo o δ-careno-3 o componente majoritário. O óleo essencial de pimenta rosa apresentou características antioxidante (2,53 ± 0,28 μmols de trolox por mL de óleo) e antimicrobiana para o desenvolvimento de Staphylococcus aureus. Foi observado, no teste de difusão em ágar, a formação do halo de inibição de 1,35 ± 0,32 cm, e na análise de concentração inibitória mínima, o valor de 3,13%. O óleo essencial é sensível à degradação no meio em que se encontra, portanto necessita de processos tecnológicos para assegurar sua ação. Para proteger o óleo essencial foi realizada a microencapsulação por meio da secagem por spray dryer. O óleo foi microencapsulado utilizando três formulações com diferentes concentrações de goma arábica, maltodextrina e amido modificado como papel de parede. As microcápsulas obtidas foram analisadas quanto às suas características físico-químicas e morfológicas e foi selecionada uma formulação para posterior adição ao queijo Minas Frescal. A formulação com 5% de amido modificado, 10% de maltodextrina e 5% de goma arábica foi selecionada. Para definição da concentração de óleo essencial que foi utilzada no queijo, foi realizado teste sensorial de ordenação-preferência, visto que a concentração inibitória mínima (3,13%) era muito alta para ser utilizada nos queijos. A formulação com 0,01% de óleo essencial foi a preferida e utilizada para fabricação dos queijos. Foram elaborados e caracterizados os queijos controle (CO) e o queijo com adição das microcápsulas de óleo essencial de pimenta rosa (OEPR). Em relação às características físico-químicas, os queijos CO e OEPR só apresentaram diferença significativa em relação à umidade (P= 0,0021; α=0,05). O queijo OEPR teve boa aceitação sensorial com média de aceitação global de 7,6 ± 0,97, não apresentando diferença significativa, ao nível de 95% de confiança, do queijo controle (7,6 ± 1,18). Para avaliar a capacidade do óleo essencial de pimenta rosa microencapsulado em inibir o desenvolvimento de S. aureus, foram inoculadas nos queijos CO e OEPR concentrações iniciais de 106 UFG.g. Os queijos foram armazenados em BOD à temperatura de 4 ± 1 °C até realização das análises, que ocorreram nos tempos: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 e 30 dias. Houve redução de 1,53 ciclos Log no queijo adicionado de óleo essencial de pimenta rosa. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, conclui-se que o óleo essencial de pimenta rosa é uma alternativa viável de utilização em queijo Minas Frescal , devido ao seu potencial antioxidante, antimicrobiano e à sua aceitação sensorial.

Carcinoma neuroendócrino de pequenas células: um estudo de caso em citopatologia ginecológica

O presente estudo reporta o caso de uma mulher de 63 anos da qual a única informação clínica era a suspeita de um sarcoma da cérvix. Simultaneamente à colpocitologia, foram enviadas biópsias do colo e do endométrio para diagnóstico. A visualização da amostra citológica revelou vários agregados de número variável de células monótonas, com tamanho pequeno, formato redondo e citoplasma escasso, num fundo com diátese. Os núcleos apresentavam moldagem, hipercromasia, cromatina “sal-e-pimenta” e ausência de nucléolos. O aspeto microscópico das biópsias foi concordante com os achados citológicos, tendo sido igualmente identificados focos glanduliformes com características atípicas. A neoplasia mostrou expressão imunohistoquímica dos antigénios enolase neurónio-específica (neuron specific enolase, NSE), sinaptofisina e citoqueratina (clones AE1/AE3), e uma elevada atividade proliferativa demonstrada pela imunorreactividade para o marcador nuclear Ki67/Mib1. Os achados citológicos, histológicos e imunohistoquímicos foram consistentes com o diagnóstico de carcinoma neuroendócrino de pequenas células. Dos tumores cervicais, esta neoplasia maligna é das mais raras, mostrando um comportamento muito agressivo, com prognóstico muito pobre, em que as terapêuticas existentes são pouco consensuais quanto à sua eficácia. A sua etiologia ainda é estudada, podendo estar relacionada com a infeção pelo Vírus do Papiloma Humano.

Contribuição ao conhecimento dos nematóides que causam galhas em raízes de plantas em São Paulo e estados vizinhos

Eight root-knot nematode forms are known to occur in Brazil, namely Meloidogyne exigua, M. incognita, M. j. javanica, M. j. bauruensis, M. inornata, M. hapla, M. arenaria arenaria and M. coffeicola. After presenting a historical resume of the root-knot disease, as well as observations on symptoms, distribution and spread, and life history of the nematodes, a study of the morphological characters used in identification of species is made, a key for separating the forms referred to above being also prepared. As no information on host plants of the coffee root-knot nematode (M. exigua) was available, a few tests were performed, as an attempt to infect several plant species. Pepper (Capsicum annuun) was the only plant attacked by M. exigua, having failed all attempts to infect nine other plants, including tomato var. Rutgers. M. exigua incited formation of galls on roots of cucumber, but no adult female was found in the tissue. In a final chapter dealing with control, a review of all methods available is presented.

Retinal dysfunction in combined methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria (Cblc) disease: a spectrum of disorders.

BACKGROUND: Cobalamin C methylmalonic aciduria with homocystinuria (cblC disease) is a rare hereditary inborn error of cobalamin metabolism, characterised by neurological, haematological and ophthalmological abnormalities. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three consecutive patients with Cblc disease were examined. Investigations included slit lamp and fundus examination and full-field ERG. RESULTS: A maculopathy associated with both photopic and scotopic abnormal ERG was present in two cases and a salt and pepper retinopathy with abnormal photopic ERG was detected in the third patient. CONCLUSIONS: Despite early treatment and regular metabolic controls, all our patients exhibited both retinal and ERG abnormalities. There was no correlation between funduscopic appearance and the type of photoreceptor dysfunction. A literature review disclosed a retinopathy in 29 / 70 cases with cblC disease, with an abnormal ERG in 8 of the 12 tested cases, most with retinopathy. Retinal dysfunction in cblC disease may be more frequent than previously thought, and can involve cones only or both rods and cones. We recommend a formal ocular examination with full-field ERG in patients with Cblc disease.

Intravitreal chemotherapy for vitreous disease in retinoblastoma revisited: from prohibition to conditional indications.

BACKGROUND: Tumour control of vitreous seeds remains challenging owing to their resistance to radiation and systemic chemotherapy. OBJECTIVE: To describe the short-term efficacy of intravitreal melphalan for vitreous disease in retinoblastoma using a new injection technique and dose. METHODS: This study is a retrospective non-comparative review of 23 consecutive heavily pretreated patients (23 eyes) with active vitreous seeding and eligible for intravitreous chemotherapy (IViC). They received a total of 122 intravitreal injections of melphalan (20-30 μg) given every 7-10 days. The ocular status was objectively monitored under anaesthesia with fundus photography. RESULTS: All patients are alive without evidence of extraocular spread (95% CI 82.19% to 100%). Concomitant treatments, including other chemotherapeutic modalities, were used until complete sterilisation of the retinal seeding source and subretinal seeds. Globe retention was achieved in 87% (20/23) of cases. All retained eyes were in complete remission after a median follow-up period of 22 months (range 9-31 months). The Kaplan-Meier estimate of ocular survival rates at 2 years was 84.14% (95% CI 62.48% to 95.28%). A localised peripheral salt-and-pepper retinopathy was noted in 10 eyes (43%) at the site of injection. CONCLUSIONS: This study reports the first clinically documented case series of patients with retinoblastoma treated with IViC. Despite a possible confounding effect of concomitant chemotherapy prescription using other routes of administration in four of the successfully treated eyes (20%), IViC achieved an unprecedented success rate of tumour control in the presence of vitreous seeding. Of note, none of the treated eyes required external beam irradiation to control the vitreous seeding. Further studies are required to assess IViC retinal toxicity and to better delineate its role in the management of retinoblastoma.

Tetracycline-regulated expression of VEGF-A in beta cells induces angiogenesis: improvement of engraftment following transplantation.

Early revascularization of pancreatic islet cells after transplantation is crucial for engraftment, and it has been suggested that vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) plays a significant role in this process. Although VEGF gene therapy can improve angiogenesis, uncontrolled VEGF secretion can lead to vascular tumor formation. Here we have explored the role of temporal VEGF expression, controlled by a tetracycline (TC)-regulated promoter, on revascularization and engraftment of genetically modified beta cells following transplantation. To this end, we modified the CDM3D beta cell line using a lentiviral vector to promote secretion of VEGF-A either in a TC-regulated (TET cells) or a constitutive (PGK cells) manner. VEGF secretion, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and stimulated insulin secretion were assessed in vitro. VEGF secretion was increased in TET and PGK cells, and VEGF delivery resulted in angiogenesis, whereas addition of TC inhibited these processes. Insulin secretion by the three cell types was similar. We used a syngeneic mouse model of transplantation to assess the effects of this controlled VEGF expression in vivo. Time to normoglycemia, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, graft vascular density, and cellular mass were evaluated. Increased expression of VEGF resulted in significantly better revascularization and engraftment after transplantation when compared to control cells. In vivo, there was a significant increase in vascular density in grafted TET and PGK cells versus control cells. Moreover, the time for diabetic mice to return to normoglycemia and the stimulated plasma glucose clearance were also significantly accelerated in mice transplanted with TET and PGK cells when compared to control cells. VEGF was only needed during the first 2-3 weeks after transplantation; when removed, normoglycemia and graft vascularization were maintained. TC-treated mice grafted with TC-treated cells failed to restore normoglycemia. This approach allowed us to switch off VEGF secretion when the desired effects had been achieved. TC-regulated temporal expression of VEGF using a gene therapy approach presents a novel way to improve early revascularization and engraftment after islet cell transplantation.

Allergies alimentaires rares [Rare food allergies]

A limited number of foods explain the majority of food allergies. These allergies can be due to a weak allergenicity (garlic, onion, potato), or a weak (or increasing) exposure to emergent food allergens which can be imported (exotic fruits), or recently introduced (lupin, buckwheat, sesame, inulin) or modified by the industry (lysats, lecithins, traces of antibiotics, caseinates, molds, dust mite). Others are in relation with rarer cross-reactivity food allergy syndrome (Apiaceae-Compositae-mugwort syndrome, egg-bird syndrome, cat epithelium-pork meat syndrome). Others are rarely identified, because the food is masked (pepper, basilic). We illustrate rare cases of food allergy and discuss the diagnostic management which is based on a meticulous patient history. Un nombre restreint d'aliments explique la majorité des allergies alimentaires. Les allergies alimentaires rares sont dues à une faible allergénicité (ail, oignon, pomme de terre) ou à une exposition faible ou croissante à des aliments émergents, importés (fruits exotiques), introduits (lupin, sarrasin, sésame, inuline), ou modifiés par l'industrie (lysats, lécithines, traces d'antibiotiques, caséinates, moisissures, acariens). D'autres sont en relation avec des croisements d'allergènes rares (syndrome croisé ombellifères-composées-armoise, syndrome oeuf-oiseau, syndrome épithélium de chat-viande de porc). D'autres enfin sont rarement identifiées, car l'allergène est masqué (poivre, basilic). Nous décrivons des cas rares illustratifs et rappelons la démarche diagnostique qui s'appuie sur une anamnèse minutieuse.

Soil Water Potentials and Capsicum annuum L. under Salinity

ABSTRACT Investigations into water potentials in the soil-plant system are of great relevance in environments with abiotic stresses, such as salinity and drought. An experiment was developed using bell pepper in a Neossolo Flúvico (Fluvent) irrigated with water of six levels of electrical conductivity (0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 dS m-1) by using exclusively NaCl and by simulating the actual condition (using a mixture of salts). The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design, in a 6 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four replicates. Soil matric (Ψm) and osmotic (Ψo) potentials were determined 70 days after transplanting (DAT). Soil total potential was considered as the sum of Ψm and Ψo. Leaf water (obtained with the Scholander Chamber) and osmotic potentials were determined before sunrise (predawn) and at noon at 42 and 70 DAT. There were no significant differences between the salt sources used in the irrigation water for soil and plant water potentials. The supply of salts to the soil through irrigation water was the main factor responsible for the decrease in Ψo in the soil and in bell pepper leaves. The total potential of bell pepper at predawn reached values of -1.30 and -1.33 MPa at 42 and 70 DAT, respectively, when water of 9 dS m-1 was used in the irrigation. The total potential at noon reached -2.19 MPa. The soil subjected to the most saline treatment reached a water potential of -1.20 MPa at 70 DAT. There was no predawn equilibrium between the total water potentials of the soil and the plant, indicating that soil potential cannot be considered similar to that of the plant. The determination of the osmotic potential in the soil solution should not be neglected in saline soils, since it has strong influence on the calculation of the total potential.

β-Catenin Signaling Drives Differentiation and Proinflammatory Function of IRF8-Dependent Dendritic Cells.

β-Catenin signaling has recently been tied to the emergence of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs). In this article, we demonstrate a novel role for β-catenin in directing DC subset development through IFN regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) activation. We found that splenic DC precursors express β-catenin, and DCs from mice with CD11c-specific constitutive β-catenin activation upregulated IRF8 through targeting of the Irf8 promoter, leading to in vivo expansion of IRF8-dependent CD8α(+), plasmacytoid, and CD103(+)CD11b(-) DCs. β-Catenin-stabilized CD8α(+) DCs secreted elevated IL-12 upon in vitro microbial stimulation, and pharmacological β-catenin inhibition blocked this response in wild-type cells. Upon infections with Toxoplasma gondii and vaccinia virus, mice with stabilized DC β-catenin displayed abnormally high Th1 and CD8(+) T lymphocyte responses, respectively. Collectively, these results reveal a novel and unexpected function for β-catenin in programming DC differentiation toward subsets that orchestrate proinflammatory immunity to infection.