New developmental stages for common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) using mass and age variables obtained by K-means algorithm and self-organizing maps (SOM)

LEÃO, Adriano de Castro; DÓRIA NETO, Adrião Duarte; SOUSA, Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de. New developmental stages for common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) using mass and age variables obtained by K-means algorithm and self-organizing maps (SOM). Computers in Biology and Medicine, v. 39, p. 853-859, 2009

New developmental stages for common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) using mass and age variables obtained by K-means algorithm and self-organizing maps (SOM)

LEÃO, Adriano de Castro; DÓRIA NETO, Adrião Duarte; SOUSA, Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de. New developmental stages for common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) using mass and age variables obtained by K-means algorithm and self-organizing maps (SOM). Computers in Biology and Medicine, v. 39, p. 853-859, 2009

An Unusual Complication of Transthoracic Lung Biopsy

Objectives: We report a case of a frail older adult affected by Chilaiditi syndrome complicating transthoracic lung biopsy, which has never been presented before in the literature. Materials and methods: After illustration of our case, we review the available literature about Chilaiditi syndrome. Results: Chilaiditi syndrome is a rare disease characterised by the interposition of colonic segments between the liver and diaphragm associated with mild to severe clinical symptoms. Conclusion: Although it is uncommon, Chilaiditi syndrome is a clinical condition that should be recognized early and differentiated from other diseases since it may significantly impair a patient’s prognosis.

Learning to construct our identities over the life course: a study with lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender adults in Scotland

To date, adult educational research has had a limited focus on lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered (LGBT) adults and the learning processes in which they engage across the life course. Adopting a biographical and life history methodology, this study aimed to critically explore the potentially distinctive nature and impact of how, when and where LGBT adults learn to construct their identities over their lives. In-depth, semi-structured interviews, dialogue and discussion with LGBT individuals and groups provided rich narratives that reflect shifting, diverse and multiple ways of identifying and living as LGBT. Participants engage in learning in unique ways that play a significant role in the construction and expression of such identities, that in turn influence how, when and where learning happens. Framed largely by complex heteronormative forces, learning can have a negative, distortive impact that deeply troubles any balanced, positive sense of being LGBT, leading to self- censoring, alienation and in some cases, hopelessness. However, learning is also more positively experiential, critically reflective, inventive and queer in nature. This can transform how participants understand their sexual identities and the lifewide spaces in which they learn, engendering agency and resilience. Intersectional perspectives reveal learning that participants struggle with, but can reconcile the disjuncture between evolving LGBT and other myriad identities as parents, Christians, teachers, nurses, academics, activists and retirees. The study’s main contributions lie in three areas. A focus on LGBT experience can contribute to the creation of new opportunities to develop intergenerational learning processes. The study also extends the possibilities for greater criticality in older adult education theory, research and practice, based on the continued, rich learning in which participants engage post-work and in later life. Combined with this, there is scope to further explore the nature of ‘life-deep learning’ for other societal groups, brought by combined religious, moral, ideological and social learning that guides action, beliefs, values, and expression of identity. The LGBT adults in this study demonstrate engagement in distinct forms of life-deep learning to navigate social and moral opprobrium. From this they gain hope, self-respect, empathy with others, and deeper self-knowledge.

Use of medications on the elderly

The elderly constitute a growing world population group, with more than 200 million people over 60 years of age. This fact has increased the detection of chronic-degenerative diseases, as well as the prescription and consumption of medicines. The elderly are particularly susceptible to adverse drug events or interactions with other drugs due to their physiological changes, genetic predisposition and environmental exposure. It becomes necessary to adapt the health systems with integral and multidisciplinary approaches suitable to this demographic change, as the knowledge about appropriate prescription, clinical pharmacology and medication use in the elderly has become essential. It has been shown that about two thirds of elderly patients receive inappropriate drug doses, and a substantial percentage of their hospital admissions are associated with potentially preventable toxic effects of drugs. To date, expert criteria, error detection tools and educational prescription plans have been developed by expert consensus for the safe use of drugs in the geriatric population. The objective of this study is a brief review of the principal physiological changes in an older adult, and summarize the contributions of the consensuses on prescription.

Prevalencia y factores asociados a la hiponatremia en adultos mayores hospitalizados en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca-2014

Introducción: La hiponatremia es un trastorno electrolítico frecuente entre pacientes adultos mayores hospitalizados, además es un factor pronóstico para su hospitalización. Varios estudios afirman que aumenta la morbimortalidad. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de la hiponatremia y los factores asociados a la hiponatremia en los adultos mayores hospitalizados en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso de Cuenca, en el año 2014. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio analítico transversal que permitió identificar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la hiponatremia. Para ello se revisaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes de las áreas de clínica, cirugía y emergencia. Partiendo de un universo de 2089 historias clínicas, calculando la muestra con una prevalencia no conocida, un intervalo de confianza del 95% y una precisión del 5 %, obteniendo un total de 325 pacientes. Resultados: Se trabajó con 325 adultos mayores, siendo el grupo de edad del Adulto Mayor Joven el más frecuente (43,7%) de los cuales el 52,6 % pertenece al sexo femenino, además la mayoría de pacientes se encontraban en Clínica (77%). La prevalencia de la hiponatremia fue del 31%. La insuficiencia cardiaca, es el factor que se asoció con una probabilidad de 2,4 de padecer hiponatremia. Los fármacos antiarritmicos, se relacionan estadísticamente pues aumentan la probabilidad en 4,8 veces de padecer hiponatremia, seguidos por los antidepresivos que aumentan 3,2 veces. Conclusiones: la hiponatremia en los adultos mayores hospitalizados fue 31%, además la insuficiencia cardiaca y la dosificación de fármacos antiarrítmicos y antidepresivos se asocian a un mayor riesgo de padecerla

Características sociodemográficas del adulto mayor con deterioro auditivo en el centro de atención del IESS. Cuenca 2015

OBJETIVO GENERAL: Establecer las características sociodemográficas del adulto mayor con deterioro auditivo en el centro de atención del IESS. Cuenca 2015. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio de tipo descriptivo transversal. El universo compuesto por 1800 personas que se encontraron inscritos en el centro de atención del adulto mayor, en la ciudad de Cuenca, 2015. Se trabajó con una muestra de 317 adultos mayores. Este proyecto se realizó mediante: encuestas y audiometrías. Los datos que se obtuvieron fueron analizados en SPSS 20.00 y Excel 2010; para el análisis se utilizó la estadística descriptiva; además personal capacitado realizó la audiometría de tipo tonal, en el Centro de diagnóstico de la Universidad de Cuenca. RESULTADOS: Los resultados obtenidos de las encuestas y de las audiometrías realizadas son los siguientes. De los 317 encuestados (248 (78%) femeninos, 69 (22%) masculinos), las audiometrías realizadas a 160 adultos mayores, presentan algún tipo de deterioro auditivo destacando el grado de audición normal 11% (34), hipoacusia conductiva leve 7% (22), hipoacusia conductiva moderada 3% (11), hipoacusia mixta leve 8% (25), hipoacusia mixta moderada 3% (8), hipoacusia sensorioneural leve 9% (29), hipoacusia sensorioneural moderada 9% (27), hipoacusia sensorioneural severa 1% (3). La información obtenida de la investigación permite establecer una evaluación general del estado actual del grado de audición de los adultos mayores, permite evidenciar la importancia de una atención adecuada a partir de los 60 o más años, para evitar la pérdida de audición por envejecimiento

NEIGHBORHOOD PERCEPTION OF SAFETY AND THE MOBILITY GAP BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN IN OLD AGE

Thesis (Master, Community Health & Epidemiology) -- Queen's University, 2016-10-02 21:02:07.735

Propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos para la medición de la actividad física en adultos con discapacidad física relacionada con lesión de médula espinal: una revisión sistemática

Objetivo: Evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos para la medición de la actividad física en adultos de 18-65 años con discapacidad física por lesión de médula espinal. Materiales y métodos: Revisión sistemática. Las bases de datos de Medline, Scopus, Web of Science y 19 revistas especializadas fueron consultadas durante once días entre abril de 2015 y febrero de 2016 para identificar estudios originales de validación, sin límite de tiempo y que estuvieran publicados en español, francés y/o inglés. La calidad metodológica de los instrumentos de medición se evaluó usando las diferentes cajas de propiedades de la lista COSMIN. Resultados: Se identificaron 9229 referencias, de las cuales sólo 12 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión, dando como resultado 13 instrumentos de medición. Se evaluaron seis propiedades psicométricas. La propiedad más común fue la confiabilidad, además se observó que la calidad metodológica de los estudios incluidos no representa los resultados de las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos de medición. La calidad metodológica de los instrumentos para la evaluación de la actividad física en población con lesión medular espinal es “baja” para propiedades como consistencia interna, error de medición, sensibilidad, validez de criterio (con excepción del WISCI II que tiene buena validez) y excelente para validez de contenido y fiabilidad. Conclusión: Se ha encontrado que instrumentos empleados hasta el presente en la medición de la actividad física en población con discapacidad física relacionada con lesión de médula espinal han sido creados para otros tipos de discapacidad y otros instrumentos deben ser validados en futuros estudios.

Aproximaciones a mindfulness en la psicología contemporánea

Este trabajo es una revisión de literatura que abarca una selección de artículos disponibles en bases de datos especializadas y publicados en el periodo comprendido entre los años 2006 a 2016 para artículos científicos y entre los años 2000 a 2016 para libros. En total se revisaron: 1 tesis doctoral, 1 tesis magistral, 111 artículos y 9 libros o capítulos de libros. Se presentan diversas definiciones de mindfulness y formas de conceptualizarla, sus mecanismos de acción, sus enfoques psicoterapéuticos predominantes, los efectos de su práctica estable, sus principales campos de acción y la importancia de la formación de los docentes que imparten la práctica. Finalmente se presentan algunas conclusiones acerca del diálogo entre la literatura psicológica sobre mindfulness y algunas de las concepciones de la tradición budista en torno a la meditación.

The Effects Of High Doses Of Nandrolone Decanoate And Exercise On Prostate Microvasculature Of Adult And Older Rats.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the interaction between the abusive use of nandrolone decanoate (ND) and physical activity on the prostate structure of adult and older rats. We evaluated whether the use of ND, associated or not with physical exercise during the post-pubertal stage, interferes with the morphophysiology of the prostate. Fifty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into eight groups. The animals were treated for eight weeks and divided into sedentary and trained groups, with or without ND use. Four groups were sacrificed 48 h after the end of the eight week experiment (adult groups), and four other groups were sacrificed at 300 days of age (older groups). The prostate was collected and processed for stereological and histopathological analysis and for the expression of AQP1 and VEGF by the Western blotting technique. Both ND and physical activity altered the ventral prostate structure of the rats; the AQP1 and VEGF expression increased in young animals subjected to physical exercise. Thus, it was concluded that the use of ND, associated or not with exercise during the post-pubertal stage, interferes with the morphophysiology of the prostate.

Motivation and psychological need salience in the experiences of initiating and maintaining exercise as an older female adult

Objectives: The primary objective ofthis study was to explore motivation and psychological need salience in the initiatory and maintenance experiences of older female exercIsers. Methods: Female initiates (n = 3) and reflective maintainers (n = 3) 65 years of age or older (M = 76 years; SD = 5.37) participated in semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed holistically and categorically, following a hermeneutic approach to inquiry. Results: Perceived importance of exercise benefits appeared to be the strongest motive for initiates at this stage of life and connections to others were perceived as valued, but less important in exercise contexts. Also, listening to one's body over instructions from the exercise leader emerged as a key factor to success. Conclusions: Overall, the results ofthis study implicate more self-determined than controlled motives as sources of regulation in older females' exercise initiation experiences. Evidence for psychological needs was more heterogeneous and less conclusive.

Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia and Emotional Responding to Dyadic Discussions of a Disagreement as Predictors of Helping Related Subjective Well-Being in Older Mothers and Their Adult Daughters

The current study considered affect-related variables as predictors of the quality of helping relationships between older mothers and their adult daughters. Specifically, self-reported and observed emotional responses to the dyadic discussion of a disagreement between mothers and daughters, as well as baseline measures of respiratory sinus arrhythmia were considered as predictors of mothers' and daughters' satisfaction with their helping relationships. Relationship satisfaction was measured by considering mothers' and daughters' subjective well-being specifically in regards to the help they gave and received. Overall, these variables predicted more variance in mothers' satisfaction with their helping relationships than daughters', and RSA (respiratory sinus arrhythmia) was a stronger predictor than the self-reported or observed emotional reactions to the dyadic discussion of a disagreement. Implications of these findings and limitations to the current study are discussed.

Living arrangements of older Malaysians: who coresides with their adult children

Includes bibliography

The effects of high doses of nandrolone decanoate and exercise on prostate microvasculature of adult and older rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)