MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS of LEISHMANIA AMAZONENSIS IN A CAPTIVE SPIDER MONKEY IN BAURU, São Paulo, BRAZIL

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Plasma concentrations of buprenorphine after epidural administration in conscious cats

Buprenorphine plasma concentrations were measured after administering buprenorphine (20 mu g/kg) into the lumbosacral epidural space of conscious cats chronically instrumented with an epidural catheter. Blood was collected from a jugular vein before injection and 15, 30, 45 and 60 min and 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h after administration. Plasma buprenorphine concentrations were measured using ELISA. Background concentration (before injection) was 1.27 +/- 0.27 ng/mL (mean +/- SD). Including background concentration, the mean peak plasma concentration was obtained 15 min after injection (5.82 +/- 3.75 ng/mL), and ranged from 3.79 to 2.20 ng/mL (30 min-3 h), remaining between 1.93 and 1.77 ng/mL (412 h), and declined to 1.40 +/- 0.62 ng/mL at 24 h. Elimination half-life was 58.8 +/- 40.2 min and clearance 56.7 +/- 21.5 mL/min. Results indicate early rapid systemic uptake of buprenorphine from epidural administration with plasma concentrations similar to using buccal or IM routes by 15 min postinjection. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

TROMBOSE VENOSA EXPERIMENTAL NA COBAIA: EFEITO DA HEPARINA E DE DROGAS QUE ALTERAM A FUNCAO PLAQUETARIA

Thrombosis was induced in the jugular vein of guinea pigs by damage of the epithelium with a sclerosing solution. The effect of heparin, Dextran 70, acetylsalicylic acid, dipyridamole and phenylbutazone in preventing the development of the thrombus was investigated. Only heparin in high doses showed this effect.

Prevention of experimental venous thrombosis induced by contrast medium in the rat

In order to assess experimentally the usefulness of some procedures employed in man to prevent venous thrombosis following phlebography, thrombosis was induced in rats using sodium diatrizoate in a temporarily isolated segment of a jugular vein. The prevention of thrombosis was attempted by washing out the vein with physiologic saline or saline plus heparin or by injecting saline plus heparin in the opposite jugular vein. Thrombosis occurred in all animals in the control group and in the group treated with saline alone. Both treatment schemes with heparin significantly reduced the incidence of thrombosis, the wash out with heparin being more effective than systemic heparin.

Platelet activation in experimental arterial thrombosis.

Platelet aggregates were studied in dogs with induced arterial thrombosis, by the method of Wu and Hoak. Blood was withdrawn from a jugular vein and from the femoral vein on the operated side 24 h after thrombus induction and immediately and 2 h after blood flow was restored by thrombectomy. Platelet activation was significant in dogs with obstructive arterial thrombosis and which tended to subside after thrombectomy. Activation or formation of platelet aggregates seemed to occur in the ischemic limb. It is suggested that this experimental model could be useful to test the action of anti-platelet drugs in vivo.

Contribuição para o estudo da proção cervical da veia facial de fetos, recém-nascidos e crianças.

In the study of cervical posterior of the facial vein of the foetus, newborns and children we injected in the veins of the head and neck of 15 corpses, rubber material (Xantopren and or Neoprene Latex). The results showed than the retromandibular and or the facial vein form a venous trunk in 83.3%, what finish always in the intern jugular vein or join the retromandibular vein and casually also with a posterior auricular vein originating the extern jugular vein (16.7%).

Heparin, heparin plus ASA and dipyridamole, and arteriovenous fistula as adjuvant methods to prevent rethrombosis after venous thrombectomy. Experimental study in rabbits

Venous rethrombosis following thrombectomy is a common event. The aim of the present study was to verify the action of heparin, heparin plus acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) and dipyridamole, and of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in the prevention of this complication. Thrombosis was induced in 48 male rabbits by the injection of thrombin in a segment of the left jugular vein, in which the blood flow was arrested for 10 minutes. After 48 hours, the animals were randomly allocated into one of 4 groups of treatment: (1) control, (2) subcutaneous heparin (600 S.I. Units/kg - 8/8 hours), (3) heparin, in the same dose, plus ASA (10 mg/kg/once a day), and dipyridamole (0.5 mg/kg thrice a day), (4) an AVF was surgically constructed between the left carotid after and the left maxillar vein. After 30 minutes, thrombectomy was performed. The venous blood flow, the hematocrit, activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time tests were performed before, right after the thrombectomy and 48 hours after thrombectomy. Venography was performed after thrombectomy and at the end of the experiment. The animals were killed 48 hours after thrombectomy and the veins were examined macroscopically. Venous rethrombosis was significantly prevented only in the AVF group (9/12), when compared to control group (0/12), heparin group (1/12) and heparin plus antiaggregating agents group (2/12). These results validate further clinical and experimental investigations with the use of AVF to prevent rethrombosis after venous thrombectomy, when a reduction of venous flow is present.

Efeitos do extrato aquoso de cebola (Allium cepa L.) sobre a função renal e a pressão arterial em ratos Wistar

The vegetal species, Allium cepa, known as onion, is widely used in the folk medicine as diuretic, besides it has been used on the bronchitis, cough, cardiovascular diseases and hypertension treatment. In this study we evaluate the onion aqueous extract (AE) effect on water flow and electrolytes in anesthetized Wistar rats, besides we also evaluate arterial pressure alterations. Two groups were studied: Group 1 (control) - oral tratment with 1.0 mL of distilled water, and Group 2 (experimental) - oral treatment with 1.0 mL of AE 20%. The rats were anesthetized and we canulate the trachea, left carotide artery (for arterial pressure measurement and blood collecting), jugular vein (to execute inulin perfusion - to register glomerular filtration), and urinary bladder (to collect urine). The Group 1 results had shown that the animals had not presented significant alterations (p>0.05) in the analyzed parameters. The animals of Group 2 had a significant reduction (p<0.05) in the arterial pressure (22.0%). However, there were not significant alterations in renal parameters (p>0.05). These results show that the treatment with the AE lead a hypotensor effect in anesthetized Wistar rats, but not followed by renal parameters alterations.

Kappa-casein gene study with molecular markers in female buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

Caseins comprise make up about 80% of the total protein content of milk and present polymorphism with change in the amino acid sequence. Within this abundance of proteins, kappa-casein is noteworthy, since it has been associated with differences in milk yield, composition and processing. The objective of this study was to observe the existence of polymorphism in the kappa-casein gene in female buffaloes. For this purpose, blood samples from 115 female buffaloes, collected with vacutainer by needle punctionure of the jugular vein, were used. for genomic DNA extraction was done from blood samples. The PCR-RFLP and SSCP techniques demonstrated that the studied animals were monomorphic for the kappa-casein gene. Only allele B was observed in these animals, which was present in homozygosis. Therefore, it was not possible to quantify the gene action on milk yield and its constituents. The monomorphism observed in the population studied would allow the development of a method to identify mixtures of cow and buffalo milk in mozzarella cheese production, especially because, in cattle, the kappa-casein gene is polymorphic. Copyright by the Brazilian Society of Genetics.

Perfil de FSH e LH na divergência folicular em novilhas Nelore (Bos indicus)

Present study aimed to evaluate gonadotropins profiles in 12 Nelore heifers, in order to test the hypothesis that FSH concentrations decrease and LH presents a transient increase during follicle selection. Blood samples from jugular vein were harvested twice daily starting at the time of ovulation (D0) until D5. Plasma samples were assayed for FSH and LH by double antibody radioimmunoassay method. LH and FSH assay sensitivity was 0,02ng/ml and 0,005ng/ml, respectively. The intraassay coefficient of variation was 13,6% and 18,8%, respectively. Data (mean±SEM) were normalized to follicle deviation and analyzed by ANOVA and by linear, cubic, and quadratic regressions. Comparisons between higher and lower FSH values were also performed by T-test. There was no effect of time in plasmatic FSH and LH circulating levels when variance analysis or regression analysis were performed. However, by T-test, FSH concentrationsreached the lowest plasmatic levels 36 (0,40±0,05ng/ml) and 60 hours (0,42±0,04ng/ml) after follicular deviation, comparatively to 36 hours before deviation, when the concentrations were maximal (0,63±0,08ng/ml). In conclusion, there is a FSH decrease, although a transient LH elevation has not been confirmed encompassing follicle deviation in Nelore females.

Effect of remifentanil hydrochloride administered via constant rate infusion on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in cats

Objective - To evaluate the effects of increasing doses of remifentanil hydrochloride administered via constant rate infusion (CRI) on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane in cats. Animals - 6 healthy adult cats. Procedures - For each cat, 2 experiments were performed (2-week interval). On each study day, anesthesia was induced and maintained with isoflurane; a catheter was placed in a cephalic vein for the administration of lactated Ringer's solution or remifentanil CRIs, and a catheter was placed in the jugular vein for collection of blood samples for blood gas analyses. On the first study day, individual basal MAC (MAC Basal) was determined for each cat. On the second study day, 3 remifentanil CRIs (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 μg/kg/min) were administered (in ascending order); for each infusion, at least 30 minutes elapsed before determination of MAC (designated as MAC R0.25, MAC R0.5, and MAC R1.0, respectively). A 15-minute washout period was allowed between CRIs. A control MAC (MAC Control) was determined after the last remifentanil infusion. Results - Mean ± SD MAC Basal and MAC Control values at sea level did not differ significantly (1.66 ± 0.08% and 1.52 ± 0.21%, respectively). The MAC values determined for each remifentanil CRI did not differ significantly. However, MAC R0.25, MAC R0.5, and MAC R1.0, were significantly decreased, compared with MAC Basal, by 23.4 ± 79%, 29.8 ± 8.3%, and 26.0 ± 9.4%, respectively. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance - The 3 doses of remifentanil administered via CRI resulted in a similar degree of isoflurane MAC reduction in adult cats, indicating that a ceiling effect was achieved following administration of the lowest dose.

Avaliação do Helicobacter em cães oriundos do Biotério Central da Unesp - Campus de Botucatu

Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB

Avaliação da técnica de biopsia pulmonar transtoracica em ovinos clinicamente sadios e os efeitos do procedimento sobre o metabolismo oxidativo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo quantitativo da infecção por Babesia bovis e Babesia bigemina em diferentes grupos genéticos de bovinos de corte

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Resposta sorológica em bovinos vacinados contra o carbúnculo sintomático

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)