Aspiration of equine oocytes from immature follicles after treatment with equine pituitary extract (EPE) alone or in combination with hCG

This study examined the effect of treating mares with equine pituitary extract (EPE) alone or in combination with hCG on the recovery rate of immature follicles by transvaginal follicular aspiration (ovum pick-up; OPU). Ten normally cycling crossbred mares aged 3-15 years and weighing 350-400 kg were subjected to each of three treatments in a random sequence with each exposure to a new treatment separated by a rest cycle during which a spontaneous ovulation occurred. The treatments were (1) superovulated with 25 mg EPE and treated with 2500 IU hCG, (2) superovulation with 25 mg EPE, and (3) control (no exogenous treatment). Treatments 7 days after spontaneous ovulation; and all the follicles > 10 mm were aspirated 24 h after the largest follicle achieved a diameter of 27-30 mm for control group, and most follicles reached 22-27 mm for the EPE alone treatment. To the group EPE+hCG, when the follicles reached 22-27 mm, hCG was administered, 24 h before OPU. Superovulation increased the number of follicles available for aspiration. The total number of follicles available for aspiration was 61 in the EPE/hCG group. 63 in the EPE group and 42 in the control. The proportion of follicles aspirated varied from 63.5% to 73.8%. Oocyte recovery rate ranged from 15.0% to 16.7% and the proportion of mares that yielded at least one oocyte was 70% (7/10) in the EPE/hCG, 60% (6/10) in the EPE alone and 50% (5/10) in control group. The EPE/hCG treatment had a higher proportion of follicles with expanded granulose cells (64.4%) than the control (3.3%: p < 0.05) and the EPE treatment (25.0%). The intervals from spontaneous ovulation to aspiration were similar for all treatments (11-12 days). However, superovulatory treatment significantly increased the aspiration to ovulation interval from 15 +/- 4 days for control to 27 +/- 15 days for EPE (p < 0.05) and to 23 +/- 13 days for EPE/hCG treatment with commensurate increases in the time between spontaneous ovulations. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Collection Rates and Morphology of Equine Oocytes Obtained from Immature Follicles after Treatment with Equine Pituitary Extract (EPE) and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Improvement of embryo production by the replacement of the last two doses of porcine follicle-stimulating hormone with equine chorionic gonadotropin in Sindhi donors

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Use of a Low Dose of Equine Purified FSH to Induce Multiple Ovulations in Mares

The effects of a low dose of equine purified FSH (eFSH) on incidence of multiple ovulations and embryo recovery rate in mares were studied. During the physiological breeding season in Brazil (19 degrees 45'45'S), 14 Mangalarga Marchador donor mares were used in a crossover study and another 25 mares of the same breed, between 3 years and 12 years of age were used as recipients for the embryo transfers. Donors were monitored during two consecutive oestrus cycles, an untreated control cycle followed by a treated cycle, when eFSH was administered. In both cycles, after an embryo collection attempt on day 8 post-ovulation all mares received 7.5 mg dinoprost and had their two largest follicles tracked daily by ultrasonography until the period of ovulation. Mares were inseminated every 48 h with extended fresh semen from a single stallion after the identification of a 35-mm follicle until the period of ovulation. Ovulations were induced by intravenous administration of 2.500 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin, upon detection of a 35- to 40-mm follicle. In the treated cycle, 5 mg eFSH was given intramuscularly once a day, from day 8 post previous ovulation until at least one follicle reached 35 mm in diameter. Embryo flushes were performed on day 8 of dioestrus (day 0 = ovulation). Treatment with eFSH resulted in higher (p < 0.05) ovulation rate and incidence of multiple ovulations compared to the control (1.6 vs 1.0 and 50% vs 0%, respectively - one mare had triple ovulation). However, embryo recovery rates in the control and treated cycles were similar (0.8 and 1.0, respectively; p > 0.05). Pregnancy rates in the recipient mares following embryo transfer were similar for the control and eFSH cycles (11/11 and 10/14, respectively). Additional studies are necessary in order to develop a low-dose protocol for the use of eFSH that brings a more consistent contribution to the efficiency of commercial equine embryo transfer programs.

Influence of Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Viability and Fertility of Equine Semen

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Rabies laboratory diagnosis: peculiar features of samples from equine origin

O diagnóstico laboratorial da raiva é realizado através de métodos de pesquisa do corpúsculo de Negri, imunofluorescência direta e inoculação em camundongos. Na maioria dos casos, quando a amostra é bem coletada, bem conservada e o profissional responsável possui experiência, verifica-se concordância entre as técnicas utilizadas. A Seção de Raiva e Encefalomielite do Instituto Biológico ao comparar a sensibilidade das três técnicas diagnósticas, em 3713 amostras (córtex cerebral, cerebelo e hipocampo) recebidas no período de 1980-1994, sendo 3010 da espécie bovina (983 positivas) e 703 da espécie eqüina (111 positivas), observou que, no caso da raiva eqüina, esta concordância não é mantida. Verificou-se, nesta espécie, que somente em algumas oportunidades foi possível identificar, pelo método histopatológico, o corpúsculo de Negri. em relação à prova de imunofluorescência pode-se afirmar que a mesma detectou uma porcentagem menor de amostras positivas, provenientes da espécie equina, em compração com as da espécie bovina, sendo esta diferença estatisticamente significativa. A prova biológica foi a mais sensível, porém houve uma diferença, também significativa, entre o período de incubação em camundongos das amostras de origem bovina e das de origem eqüina. A presença pouco frequente de corpúsculos de Negri e o período de incubação em camundongos mais prolongado, das amostras de origem eqüina, sugerem que devem ser intensificados os estudos da patogenia da raiva nesta espécie.

Experimental ischemia and reperfusion in equine small colon

Sob anestesia geral, com constante controle sobre a pressão arterial e a saturação de oxigênio da hemoglobina arterial, realizou-se celiotomia em 12 eqüinos. No cólon menor exposto foram demarcados três segmentos de 25cm, separados entre si por igual distância. Dois desses segmentos foram submetidos à isquemia arteriovenosa completa por 90 (grupo A) ou 180 minutos (grupo B). O terceiro segmento foi o grupo-controle. Amostras para histopatologia foram colhidas ao final dos períodos de isquemia e após 90 e 180 minutos de reperfusão no grupo A e após 90 minutos de reperfusão no grupo B. No controle, colheram-se amostras no início e final do procedimento. Avaliaram-se as lesões produzidas na mucosa e na submucosa pelos métodos semiquantitativos-escores para desprendimento de epitélio, edema, hemorragia e infiltrado de neutrófilos, e pelos quantitativos-porcentagem de perda de mucosa (PM) e razão cripta:interstício (C:I). As lesões isquêmicas foram mais intensas no grupo B do que no A para PM, C:I, desprendimento de epitélio e edema de mucosa. As amostras obtidas após a reperfusão revelaram que houve agravamento na PM, C:I, desprendimento de epitélio e edema de submucosa em ambos os grupos. Concluiu-se que a reperfusão agravou as lesões isquêmicas no cólon menor e que o modelo proposto é viável para produção dessas lesões.