994 resultados para enterovirus 71
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[Traditions. France. Berry]
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[Traditions. France. Berry]
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Käsittelee Korkeimman oikeuden ratkaisua KKO:2006:71
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A new kind of material, denominated MCM-71, was synthesized and characterized by several complementary techniques: X Ray Diffractometry, textural analysis by nitrogen adsorption, Scanning electronic microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. MCM-71 zeolite was successfully synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis in the presence of triethanolamine. Mordenite phase as impurity was not detected, otherwise quartz was observed. The MCM-71 sample obtained presented a BET surface area of 20 m²/g in the as synthesized form and of 85 m²/g in protonic form. By SEM was observed crystals with rectangular shape with average size of 2 x 0,2 x 0,05 µm and this crystals were agglomerated in spherical particles with average diameter between 14 and 24 µm.
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Integrins are a family of transmembrane glycoproteins, composed of two different subunits (alpha and beta). Altered expression of integrins in tumor cells contributes to metastasis tendency by influencing on the cells‟ attachment to adjacent cells and their migration. Viral pathogens, including certain enteroviruses, use integrins as receptors. Enteroviruses have also been suggested to be involved in the etiopathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. The study focuses on the role of integrins in the pathogenesis of metastasis to cortical bone and on type 1 diabetes (T1D) and echovirus 1 infection. In the first part of the thesis, the role of different integrins in the initial attachment of MDA-MD-231 breast cancer cells to bovine cortical bone disks was studied. A close correlation between alpha2beta1 and alpha3beta1 integrin receptor expression and the capability of the tumor to attach to bone were observed. In the second part, a possible correlation between susceptibility to enterovirus infections in diabetic children and differences in enterovirus receptor genes, including certain integrins, was investigated. In parallel, virus-specific neutralizing antibodies and diabetic risk alleles were studied. In the diabetic group, an amino acid change was detected in the polio virus receptor and the neutralizing antibody titers against echovirus 30 were lower. However, to obtain statistically sustainable results, a larger number of individuals should be analyzed. Echovirus 1 (EV1) enters cells by attaching to the alpha2I domain of the alpha2beta1 integrin. In the third part EV1 was shown to attach to a chimeric receptor construct of the transferrin receptor and the alpha2I domain and to enter cells through clathrin-mediated endocytosis that is normally not used by the virus. The chimeric receptor was recycled to the plasma membrane, whereas the virus remained in intracellular vesicles. The virus replication cycle was initiated in these cells, suggesting that evolution pressure could possibly cause the virus to evolve to use a different entry mechanism. Moreover, a cDNA microarray analysis of host gene expression during EV1 replication showed that 0.53% of the total genes, including several immediate early genes, were differently expressed.
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Soitinnus: piano, 4-kät.
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kuv., 25 x 18 cm
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Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää upseerien ammatillista kasvun ja oppimisen välistä yhteyttä sekä sitä kuinka hyvin opetustavoitteet olivat täyttyneet upseerin tutkinnon sekä sotatieteiden maisterin tutkinnon suorittaneiden kohdalla. Tavoitteena oli myös selvittää upseerien omia käsityksiä ja kokemuksia siitä, mitkä tekijät vaikuttavat ammatilliseen kehittymiseen ja kuinka hyvin Merisotakoulu on pystynyt vastaamaan koulutuksen haasteisiin. Tutkimusongelma on: Mitkä upseerien ammatillisen kehityksen osa-alueet korostuvat eniten, mitkä vähiten, sekä miten opetustavoitteet ollaan saavutettu 68., 69., 70., ja 71. Merikadettikursseilla? Lisäksi tutkimuksessa selvitetään onko upseerin tutkinnon ja sotatieteiden maisterin tutkinnon suorittaneiden välillä eroa, onko joitain ainekokonaisuuksia painotettu liikaa tai liian vähän ammatillisen kasvun kannalta, millaisia käsityksiä ja kokemuksia upseereilla on ammatillisesta kasvusta ja oppimisesta sekä opiskelusta Merisotakoulussa, millaisia käsityksiä opettajilla on siitä, voidaanko täydennyskoulutuksella edistää työssä jaksamista sekä millaista ammatillista kasvua edistävän koulutuksen tulisi upseerien mielestä olla? Tutkimukseen osallistui 28 upseeria, jotka olivat valmistuneet laivastolinjalta Merikadettikursseilta 68., 69., 70., sekä 71. Tutkimus on kyselytutkimus, ja tieteellisenä menetelmänä on käytetty χ2-testiä. Tässä tutkimuksessa ei luotu mitään keinoa paremman koulutusjärjestelmän luomiseksi, vaan tutkimuksessa toin esille upseerien omat näkemykset omasta ammatillisesta kehittymisestä. Tutkimuksessa kuitenkin tuli ilmi asioita mitkä olisi hyvä ottaa huomioon suunniteltaessa opetustavoitteita ja kurssien läpivientejä. Opiskeluilmapiiri oli yksi huomion arvoinen asia, mikä tuli ilmi niin monivalintakysymyksissä kuin avoimissakin kysymyksissä. Opiskeluilmapiiriin oli otettu kantaa ja suurin osa upseereista oli pitänyt sitä kehittämisen arvoisena asiana. Opiskeluilmapiiri ei varsinaisesti liity opetustavoitteisiin, mutta liittyy vahvasti siihen kuinka hyvin ne saavutetaan. Toinen tutkimuksessa esille tullut puute oli ensimmäiseen työtehtävään tähtäävän koulutuksen puutteellisuus.
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AbstractPorcine teschovirus (PTV), porcine sapelovirus (PSV), and enterovirus G (EV-G) are infectious agents specific to pig host species that are endemically spread worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the natural infection by these porcine enteric picornaviruses in wild boars (Sus scrofa scrofa) of Paraná state, Brazil, and to evaluate peccaries (Pecari tajacu and Tayassu pecari) as alternative host species for these viruses. Fecal samples (n=36) from asymptomatic wild boars (n=22) with ages ranging from 2 to 7 months old (young, n=14) and 2 to 4 years old (adult, n=8) and from peccaries (6 to 8 months old, n=14) were collected from a farm and a zoo, respectively, both located in Paraná state. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nested-PCR (n-PCR) assays targeting the 5'non-translated region of the virus genome were used for screening the viruses. Porcine enteric picornaviruses were detected in 12 out of the 22 wild boar fecal samples. According to each of the viruses, EV-G was most frequently (11/22, 50%) detected, followed by PTV (10/22, 45.5%) and PSV (4/22, 18.2%). Regarding the age groups, young wild boars were more frequently (9/14, 64.3%) infected with PTV, PSV, and EV-G than adult animals (3/8, 37.4%). One n-PCR amplified product for each of the viruses was submitted to sequencing analysis and the nucleotide sequences were compared with the related viruses, which showed similarities varying from 97.7% to 100% for PTV, 92.4% to 96.2% for PSV, and 87.1% to 100% for EV-G. Peccaries tested negative for the viruses and in this study they did not represent infection reservoirs. This study is the first to report the molecular detection of PTV, PSV, and EV-G from captive wild boars in a South American country and the first to screen peccaries as alternative host species for porcine enteric picornavirus.
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Arkit: A-B4.
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Invokaatio: Deo duce.
Collection des mémoires relatifs à l'histoire de France. 71, Mémoires du maréchal de Villars , t. IV
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Comprend : Mémoires du duc de Noailles