947 resultados para broiler chicks


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Um experimento foi conduzido para avaliar a influência de fatores antinutricionais de alguns alimentos sobre o epitélio intestinal e o desempenho de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 480 pintos de um dia de idade, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos (A = ração testemunha à base de milho e soja; B = ração contendo Leucaena leucocephala - 6% [LL]; C = ração contendo Leucaena cunningan - 6% [LC] e D = ração contendo feijão guandu - Cajanus cajan - 20% [CC]), quatro repetições e 30 aves por unidade experimental. Houve redução de ganho de peso e aumento da conversão alimentar com a utilização de LL e LC, no período de 1a 21 e de 1a 42 dias de idade. Aos 21 dias de idade, observou-se aumento no tamanho dos vilos do jejuno e na relação vilo:cripta do jejuno e íleo, nas aves que receberam LC. Houve aumento significativo (P<0,05) das células caliciformes no duodeno e jejuno em aves de todos os tratamentos e apenas LL e LC aumentaram as células caliciformes do íleo. Aos 42 dias de idade, houve aumento no número de células caliciformes causado por CC no duodeno e por LL, LC e CC no íleo. O consumo de ração e a profundidade de cripta não foram influenciados. A alteração da morfologia da vilosidade do jejuno, bem como a alteração na relação vilo:cripta no período inicial, influenciou negativamente o ganho de peso e a conversão alimentar nos períodos inicial e total.

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Com o objetivo de determinar a biodisponibilidade de duas fontes de lisina (lisina HCl e lisina sulfato), por intermédio de um ensaio de crescimento, foram alojados em um galpão de alvenaria com 56 boxes 840 pintos de corte machos com um dia de idade. Duas dietas basais foram formuladas para atender as exigências nutricionais das aves nas fases inicial e crescimento, deficientes apenas em lisina e suplementadas em 0,08; 0,16; e 0,24% pelas duas fontes de lisina. As variáveis avaliadas foram: ganho de peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar, rendimento de carcaça, rendimento de perna, rendimento de peito, rendimento de filé e porcentagem de gordura abdominal. Com os dados obtidos foram estimadas equações de regressão linear múltipla e, usando os coeficientes de regressão destas, foi determinada a biodisponibilidade da lisina sulfato em relação a lisina HCl, padronizada como 100% disponível. As equações obtidas que melhor estimaram a biodisponibilidade das lisinas foram Y = 544,72 + 439,62 X1 + 475,84 X2, R² = 0,90, para ganho de peso de 01 a 21 dias de idade, Y = 1824,63 + 1469,18 X1 + 1381,33 X2, R² = 0,85, para ganho de peso de 01 a 42 dias de idade, Y = 1,9623 - 0,9043X1--1,0235 X2, R² = 0,83, para conversão alimentar de 01 a 21 dias de idade, Y = 0,3766 + 0,5320 X1 + 0,4986 X2, R² = 0,88, para peso de peito aos 42 dias de idade e Y = 0,2565 + 0,4685X1 + 0,4300 X2, R² = 0,92, para peso de filé de peito aos 42 dias de idade das aves. A biodisponibilidade média encontrada para a Lisina Sulfato foi de 100,19%, mostrando não haver diferença significativa na biodisponibilidade das lisinas testadas.

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The experiment was conducted to evaluate pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) protein in broiler chicks (up to 28 days of age) feeding, as compared to soybean (Glycine mar) protein, In the experiment the effects of temperature and autoclaving on antinutritional factors on pigeon pea meal were studied. Temperatures of 100, 110 e 120 degrees C and times of autoclaving of 10, 20 and 30 minutes were applied using a two-way factorial design, replicated in four times. Underheating and overheating during the process of inactivation of proteases inhibiting were evaluated by ureatic activity and protein solubility analysis, after the grains were dried and ground. After 28 days, the best time of autoclaving was 20 minutes (p<,05) irrespectively of temperature, which lead to a lower feed consuption. There were no histopathological alterations in kidney, liver, pancreas, heart and intestines of the broilers.

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This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of the addition of fumaric acid to broiler diet on birds performance. One thousand and eighty Hubbard day-old broiler chicks were alloted in a randomized block design, six treatments with two replicates of males, and four replicates of females. Three basal diets were formulated to meet the nutritional requirements in each growing phase: from 1 to 21 days, 21 to 37 days and 37 to 45 days. Treatments consisted first in the addition of growth promoter to 0.75 and 1.0%, of fumaric acid. The group treated without of both growth promoter and fumaric acid presented a higher intake and a smaller feed:gain ratio in relation to the fumaric acid treated groups. However, there were no differences among groups treated with growth promoter and fumaric acid. The contrasts did not show any difference among weight gain, carcass yield and abdominal fat. The addition of fumaric acid levels to the diets promoted reduction of feed intake, without any effect on weight gain, improving, therefore, the feed/gain ratio. A digestibility experiment was carried out, using 30 Hy-Line roosters, to determine apparent metabolyzed energy (AME), corrected by nitrogen of the diets containing 0.0, 0.5 and 1.0% of the acid. An increase on the AME of the diets was observed with fumaric acid addition.

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It was studied the effect of energy levels in the diet, obtained from vegetal oil inclusion, on the performance, diet cost per kilogram of broiler and fat content of the carcass, There were used 4,800 broiler chicks, 2,400 males and 2,400 females, and they were distributed in six treatment (energy levels in kcal ME/kg of diet) in three different phases: start diet from one to 20 days of age: A - 2930, B - 2980, C - 3030, D - 3080, E - 3130, F - 3180, growth diet from 21 to 40 days: A - 2980, B - 3030, C - 3050, D - 3130, E - 3150, F - 3230, finishing diet from 41 to 45 days of age: A - 3030, B - 3080, C - 3130,, D - 3180, E - 3230, F - 3280. The protein content was 22, 20 and 18% in each phase, respectively, There were evaluated the feed intake, energy intake, protein intake, weight gain, feed conversion mortality, diet cost per kg/bw. Sixty broilers were slaughtered, five males and five females per treatment, randomly chosen to determine the carcass composition considering the dry matter content, lipids content and protein content, total fat in carcass and fat per kilogram of broiler. The data were submitted to variance analysis and the means were compared using SNK. The broilers fed with medium and low levels of dietary energy showed the highest weight gain. At energy levels of the treatment D in the three phases, the lowest cost per kilogram of broiler was obtained. The females presented the highest fat content per kilogram of broiler produced.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the nutritive value of pigeon pea meal (PPM) with methionine substituting soybean meal (SM) in diets for 1-28 day-old broiler chicks. The experimental design was that of random blocks, in a 3 × 3 factorial scheme with three substitution levels - 15,30 and 45% - and three methionine supplementation levels in relation to the requirements, that is: 100, 66 and 33%, with four repetitions. It was found that PPM treated for 20 minutes at 100°C substituted up to 30% of the SM, even without methionine supplementation, in relation to liveweight (p<0.01), to food conversion and to the efficiency of utilization of metabolizable energy and to protein (p<0.05). At the 66% level of methionine supplementation, the same results as for these parameters were obtained at all of the levels of substitution of SM by PPM. The 30% or 45% substitution of SM protein by that of PPM affected (p<0.01) the efficiency of methionine utilization. The sulphur amino acid utilization efficiency was affected (p<0.01) beginning at 66% methionine supplementation in the diets.

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The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing glutamine and nucleotides on growth performance and development intestinal morphology in broiler chicks. In the trial, 600 male broiler chicks distributed in randomized blocks in a 3x2 factorial arrangement (consisting of a uniform basal diet supplemented with: 0.0, 0.5 or 1.0% glutamine, and 0.0 or 0.04% nucleotides), for a total of 6 treatments with 25 birds each. Means of performance (weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion and mortality) were obtained 7, 21 and 42 days of age. At the end of the experiment 4 broilers per treatment were used to determine organs weight and development intestinal morphology. Glutamine supplementation (1%) improved the body weight, feed intake and feed conversion in the first week. Glutamine and nucleotides supplementation did not affect performance in broiler chicks in the period one to 21 and one to 42 days of age. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that feeding 1.0% glutamine improved growth performance of broiler birds at 21 days of age.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ