Histórias de vidas de Usuários de psicofármacos: o desafio do cuidar para a enfermagem

Study of qualitative approach using the oral history methodology, in modality oral history of life, which aimed to: tell the stories of lives of users of psychotropic drugs for prolonged period of time, in Family Health Unit Santarém (FHU Santarém), Natal-RN-Brazil; identify possible causes which influence and trigger, respectively, use of psychotropic for prolonged period of time; search for greater knowledge about this problem of public health; contribute with the planning and development of nursing cares, to users of psychotropic drugs for prolonged period of time, as well as in Mental Health Care, integrally, in perspective of Family Health Strategy (FHS). It was used as a baseline survey, the coverage area of family health team, from FHU Santarém, which belongs to Health District North II, from Municipal Health Secretariat, in Natal-RN-BR. Eight employees who use psychotropic drugs for prolonged period of time were interviewed. They volunteered to narrate their life stories, which were analyzed by using the thematic modality, since the study is focused on the question of the use of psychotropic drugs for prolonged period of time. The thematic axis crisis, prejudice and care, defined by the categorization of common elements, found through successive and careful readings of narratives, were used to analyze these stories of lives. The study found that users of psychotropic drugs for prolonged period of time are affected by mental health crisis, feeling need to be heard, as well as the existence of social prejudice towards people with mental disorders, and non-completion of development of managed care, by the family health team, and particularly, the nursing care to people suffering from mental disorders and users of psychotropic drugs for prolonged period of time. It is proposed that, in the search of development and planning of nursing care to users of psychotropic drugs for prolonged period of time, and in mental health care, integrally, in FHS, the nurse can think and make a drawing about manners of performing nursing care to this clientele through the use of consultation of nursing, conducting home visits, collective construction of spaces for listening and socialization, which can be used as possible paths for the construction of such care

Estratégias de aplicações sequenciais e paralelas da metaheurística otimização por enxame de partículas ao problema do caixeiro viajante

Particle Swarm Optimization is a metaheuristic that arose in order to simulate the behavior of a number of birds in flight, with its random movement locally, but globally determined. This technique has been widely used to address non-liner continuous problems and yet little explored in discrete problems. This paper presents the operation of this metaheuristic, and propose strategies for implementation of optimization discret problems as form of execution parallel as sequential. The computational experiments were performed to instances of the TSP, selected in the library TSPLIB contenct to 3038 nodes, showing the improvement of performance of parallel methods for their sequential versions, in executation time and results

Estudos de algumas ferramentas de coleta e visualização de dados e desempenho de aplicações paralelas no ambiente MPI

The last years have presented an increase in the acceptance and adoption of the parallel processing, as much for scientific computation of high performance as for applications of general intention. This acceptance has been favored mainly for the development of environments with massive parallel processing (MPP - Massively Parallel Processing) and of the distributed computation. A common point between distributed systems and MPPs architectures is the notion of message exchange, that allows the communication between processes. An environment of message exchange consists basically of a communication library that, acting as an extension of the programming languages that allow to the elaboration of applications parallel, such as C, C++ and Fortran. In the development of applications parallel, a basic aspect is on to the analysis of performance of the same ones. Several can be the metric ones used in this analysis: time of execution, efficiency in the use of the processing elements, scalability of the application with respect to the increase in the number of processors or to the increase of the instance of the treat problem. The establishment of models or mechanisms that allow this analysis can be a task sufficiently complicated considering parameters and involved degrees of freedom in the implementation of the parallel application. An joined alternative has been the use of collection tools and visualization of performance data, that allow the user to identify to points of strangulation and sources of inefficiency in an application. For an efficient visualization one becomes necessary to identify and to collect given relative to the execution of the application, stage this called instrumentation. In this work it is presented, initially, a study of the main techniques used in the collection of the performance data, and after that a detailed analysis of the main available tools is made that can be used in architectures parallel of the type to cluster Beowulf with Linux on X86 platform being used libraries of communication based in applications MPI - Message Passing Interface, such as LAM and MPICH. This analysis is validated on applications parallel bars that deal with the problems of the training of neural nets of the type perceptrons using retro-propagation. The gotten conclusions show to the potentiality and easinesses of the analyzed tools.

Análise da magnetohidrodinâmica com transferência de calor em canais de placas paralelas via transformação integral

The main goal of the present work is related to the dynamics of the steady state, incompressible, laminar flow with heat transfer, of an electrically conducting and Newtonian fluid inside a flat parallel-plate channel under the action of an external and uniform magnetic field. For solution of the governing equations, written in the parabolic boundary layer and stream-function formulation, it was employed the hybrid, numericalanalytical, approach known as Generalized Integral Transform Technique (GITT). The flow is sustained by a pressure gradient and the magnetic field is applied in the direction normal to the flow and is assumed that normal magnetic field is kept uniform, remaining larger than any other fields generated in other directions. In order to evaluate the influence of the applied magnetic field on both entrance regions, thermal and hydrodynamic, for this forced convection problem, as well as for validating purposes of the adopted solution methodology, two kinds of channel entry conditions for the velocity field were used: an uniform and an non-MHD parabolic profile. On the other hand, for the thermal problem only an uniform temperature profile at the channel inlet was employed as boundary condition. Along the channel wall, plates are maintained at constant temperature, either equal to or different from each other. Results for the velocity and temperature fields as well as for the main related potentials are produced and compared, for validation purposes, to results reported on literature as function of the main dimensionless governing parameters as Reynolds and Hartman numbers, for typical situations. Finally, in order to illustrate the consistency of the integral transform method, convergence analyses are also effectuated and presented

Compreendendo a experiência de pessoas portadoras de transtorno mental: histórias de vidas severinas repletas de possibilidades

This study aims to understand the experience of people suffering from mental disorder. The patients are enrolled in a mental health ambulatory clinic in the city of Natal (RN). Mental disorders are growing rapidly in the contemporary world and are a source of intense mental suffering. Besides patients being strongly marked by a history of isolation and prejudice, they have been the target of real atrocities committed in the name of preservation of a supposed normality. The understanding and treatment of this disorder is influenced by cultural and historical inferences, depending on the period in which it is experienced. Semi-directed Interviews were conducted with a group of users, with the emphasis on giving voice to their uniqueness and individuality, highlighting how each one perceives his or her own experience. These were recorded and later transcribed by identifying the core of meanings. The results were analyzed under the gaze of the Humanist Phenomenology Existential perspective, which aims to unravel the phenomenon, without truths from volatility, highlighting the existence of the mental disorder as a way of living, being permeated by suffering mental and influenced by social problems, assuming contours very particular to each individual. Some progress has been perceived, even by users, with respect to the change of paradigm in the way of care, but still there is a consistent emphasis on medical and drug use. The changes point to the need for offering services to replace the asylum hospital model, and in addition to accept the bearer of mental disorder as a citizen, a bearer of rights who should be accepted and respected by society. Despite the pain expressed and its close liaison with suicide, their reports are full of perspectives and attitudes of confrontation facing life, pointing to new possibilities to be, recreating itself

As vidas e as mortes de Jararaca: narrações de uma devoção popular no Nordeste Brasileiro

Este artigo parte de um estudo etnográfico da devoção popular ao cangaceiro Jararaca em Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, morto pela polícia local em 1927. Seu objetivo é destacar os ritos que manifestam e suportam tal devoção, sobretudo em seus aspectos verbais: testemunhos, narrações hagiográficas e fatos históricos tidos como reais - principalmente os fatos que cercaram a morte do cangaceiro e suas proezas no cangaço - que dão margem à reelaboração da identidade social do morto, de modo a aproximar sua vida do modelo do Robin Hood, o bom bandido, e sua morte do modelo do martírio cristão. Assim, ele pode tornar-se um santo funerário.

Vidas errantes e alcoolismo: uma questão social

O fenômeno da errância, impulsionado por motivos sócio-econômicos ou mesmo por razões pessoais, traz consigo profundas transformações no plano psicossocial. A presente pesquisa se propôs a investigar as razões que levam os trecheiros à ruptura com a vida sedentária e o papel que o alcoolismo exerce nesse processo de deserção. Foram entrevistados doze sujeitos que fazem uso de bebidas alcoólicas, albergados numa Instituição Assistencial da cidade de Assis, SP, sendo as entrevistas submetidas, posteriormente, a uma análise de conteúdo. Os resultados mostraram que a morte dos pais, os conflitos familiares e o desemprego têm sido um dos principais motivos para a ruptura com o sedentarismo. O uso do álcool, no trecho, é atribuído pelos próprios sujeitos à necessidade de esquecer problema, maior encorajamento e apaziguar conflitos remanescentes, em geral, conflitos afetivos que possuem como epicentro a infidelidade conjugal.

Vidas presas: uma tentativa de compreensão da tragédia da criminalidade junto às suas personagens prisioneiras

Cet article présente une recherche sur les facteurs producteurs de la criminalité réalisée au début de la décennie 80 qui, en s'appuyant sur longs entretiens réalisées avec des prisonnières, a élaboré un ensemble d'hypothèses afin de comprendre les relations constitutives que ce phénomène maintient avec la pauvreté, avec la violence policière/pénitentiaire et avec les propres savoirs par lesquels ses actes et ses auteurs deviennent objet de connaissance. Sa présentation, aujourd'hui, vise deux objectifs: le premier, en hommage et reconnaissance à Sylvia Leser de Mello, est celui d'offrir un simple exemple, parmi tant d'autres, d'une des nombreuses aventures de recherche rendue possible par son orientation. Le second est celui de partager avec des chercheurs qui s'intéressent au même thème une étude qui, polémique et innovatrice à l'époque de sa réalisation, conserve sa pertinence face, actuellement, aux caractéristiques particulièrement graves présentées par les questions abordées.

Limitantes inferiores par ao problema de dimensionamento de lotes em máquinas paralelas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Extração de segmentos de rodovias em imagens de resoluções variadas usando o princípio de bordas paralelas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

De Vidas Secas à Memórias do Cárcere: um percurso de Nelson Pereira dos Santos

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

Teclas paralelas: a dimensão literário-musical em Os teclados, de Teolinda Gersão

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Histórias de pescadores: memórias de vidas submersas

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

Vidas precarizadas: um estudo sobre o cotidiano de famílias sob a ótica feminina

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

Uma vida, duas vidas, muitas vidas: diferenciações de gênero no cotidiano familiar e profissional de camadas médias urbanas

Aborda as diferenciações de gênero entre frações de camadas médias urbanas em Belém-PA, a partir de aspectos do cotidiano familiar e profissional de pessoas que trabalham com a temática gênero no campo dos estudos acadêmicos (ensino e pesquisa). O trabalho procura demonstrar as atualizações, modificações, por vezes, fugas dos modelos sociais de referência, isto é, as conjunções e as disjunções nos discursos do sujeitos quando estes se direcionam para os contextos performativos onde são desenvolvidas práticas sociais informadas pelo gênero. Discute-se, também, como as representações sociais são atualizadas e/ou modificadas a partir da referência que fazem a elementos dos seus cotidianos pessoal e profissional. Para tanto, as histórias de vida do grupo investigado são tomadas em análise evidenciando suas experiências nos diferentes e, por vezes, imbricados cenários em que constroem/atualizam suas vidas.