Integration zeitvariabler Energiekosten in die Belastungsorientierte Auftragsfreigabe

In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein Ansatz zur Integration von Energiekosten in bestehende Fertigungssteuerungsverfahren vorgestellt. Das entwickelte Verfahren basiert auf dem Ansatz der Belastungsorientierten Auftragsfreigabe (BOA) und berücksichtigt schwankende Strompreise aufgrund der zunehmenden Einspeisung regenerativer Energien in das Stromnetz. Die Weiterentwicklung ermöglicht besonders kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen (KMU) die Einsparung von Energiekosten durch organisatorische Maßnahmen der Fertigungssteuerung ohne kapitalintensive Investitionen.

Zur Frage der Vitalität und Moribidität der jüdischen Bevölkerung

Hans Ullmann

Studien zur Geschichte der Juden in Belgien bis zum XVIII Jahrhundert

von Salomon Ullmann

Genealogical History of the family of de Worms

compiled by Elias Ullmann

Familien-Register und Stammtafel des Michael Isaac Bing und seiner Nachkommen : nebst beigef. Testamente seiner Enkelin Gütche Worms geb. Mendler-Oetingen, die Stiftung eines Brautvermächtnisses zu Gunsten ihrer Anverwandten betreffend

zsgest. von Elias Ullmann

Toward Cove-Edged Low Band Gap Graphene Nanoribbons

Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), defined as nanometer-wide strips of graphene, have attracted increasing attention as promising candidates for next-generation semiconductors. Here, we demonstrate a bottom-up strategy toward novel low band gap GNRs (E-g = 1.70 eV) with a well-defined cove-type periphery both in solution and on a solid substrate surface with chrysene as the key monomer. Corresponding cyclized chrysene-based oligornerS consisting of the dimer and tetramer are obtained via an Ullmann Coupling followed by oxidative intramolecular cyclodehydrogenation in solution, and much higher GNR homologues via on-surface synthesis. These oligomers adopt nonplanar structures due to the isteric repulsion between the two C-H bonds at the inner cove position. Characterizations by single crystal X-ray analysis, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) are described. The interpretation is assisted by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Über die Entstehung des Glückwunsches beim Niesen

Ullmann

Verzeichniss der von Hirsch Herz Straus aus Frankfurt a. M. stammenden Familien

zuerst aufgestellt von Heinrich Joseph Straus ... ; erneuert unter Berücksichtigung der inzwischen eingetretenen Veränderungen von Elias Ullmann

Verzeichniss der von Salomon Benedict Goldschmidt aus Frankfurt a. M. stammenden Familien

aufgestellt ... von Richard Moritz Meyer ; unter Mitwirkung von Elias Ullmann

Verzeichniss der von Michael Isaac Bing aus Frankfurt a.M. stammenden Familien : nebst beigefügtem Auszuge aus dem Testamente seiner Enkelin Gütche Worms geb. Mendler-Oetingen, die Stiftung eines Brautvermächnisses zur Gunsten ihrer Anverwandten betreffend

[von Elias Ullmann]

Familien-Register und Stammtafel des Michel Isaac Bing und seiner Nachkommen : nebst beigefügtem Auszuge aus dem Testamente seiner Enkelin Gütche Worms geb. Oetingen, die Stiftung eines Brautvermächtnisses zu Gunsten ihrer Anverwandten betreffend

zusammengestellt von Elias Ullmann

Charge-dependent translocation of Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin into eukaryotic cells: Implication for the in vivo delivery of CD8+ T cell epitopes into antigen-presenting cells

Bordetella pertussis secretes a calmodulin-activated adenylate cyclase toxin, CyaA, that is able to deliver its N-terminal catalytic domain (400-aa residues) into the cytosol of eukaryotic target cells, directly through the cytoplasmic membrane. We have previously shown that CyaA can be used as a vehicle to deliver T cell epitopes, inserted within the catalytic domain of the toxin, into antigen-presenting cells and can trigger specific class I-restricted CD8+ cytotoxic T cell responses in vivo. Here, we constructed a series of recombinant toxins harboring at the same insertion site various peptide sequences of 11–25 amino acids, corresponding to defined CD8+ T cell epitopes and differing in the charge of the inserted sequence. We show that inserted peptide sequences containing net negative charges (−1 or −2) decreased or completely blocked (charge of −4) the internalization of the toxin into target cells in vitro and abolished the induction of cytotoxic T cell responses in vivo. The blocking of translocation due to the inserted acidic sequences can be relieved by appropriate mutations in the flanking region of CyaA that counterbalance the inserted charges. Our data indicate that (i) the electrostatic charge of the peptides inserted within the catalytic domain of CyaA is critical for its translocation into eukaryotic cells and (ii) the delivery of T cell epitopes into the cytosol of antigen-presenting cells by recombinant CyaA toxins is essential for the in vivo stimulation of specific cytotoxic T cells. These findings will help to engineer improved recombinant CyaA vectors able to stimulate more efficiently cellular immunity.

Fluorescence-intensity distribution analysis and its application in biomolecular detection technology

A methodology, fluorescence-intensity distribution analysis, has been developed for confocal microscopy studies in which the fluorescence intensity of a sample with a heterogeneous brightness profile is monitored. An adjustable formula, modeling the spatial brightness distribution, and the technique of generating functions for calculation of theoretical photon count number distributions serve as the two cornerstones of the methodology. The method permits the simultaneous determination of concentrations and specific brightness values of a number of individual fluorescent species in solution. Accordingly, we present an extremely sensitive tool to monitor the interaction of fluorescently labeled molecules or other microparticles with their respective biological counterparts that should find a wide application in life sciences, medicine, and drug discovery. Its potential is demonstrated by studying the hybridization of 5′-(6-carboxytetramethylrhodamine)-labeled and nonlabeled complementary oligonucleotides and the subsequent cleavage of the DNA hybrids by restriction enzymes.