Morphological patterns and community organization in leaf-litter ant assemblages

We present a new approach to determine the number and composition of guilds, using the hyperdiverse leaf-litter ant fauna as a model, based on appropriate morphological variables and species co-occurrence null models to describe the complex assemblages of interacting Species Community structure at the 1-m(2) scale. We obtained 18 linear morphometric measures from 949 workers of 171 leaf-litter ant species (18762 measurements) surveyed in four Atlantic Forest localities to test whether the assemblages are morphologically structured; the morphological characters were selected to indicate diet and foraging habits. Principal components analysis was used to characterize the morphospace and to describe the guild structure (number of species and composition). The guild proportionality assembly rule (significant tendency toward constant proportion of species in guilds) was assessed at the 1-m(2) scale. Our analysis indicates that the division of leaf-litter ants into guilds is based mainly on microhabitat distribution in the leaf-litter, body size and shape, eye size, and phylogeny. The same guild scheme applied to four more sites shows that different Atlantic Forest areas have the same leaf-fitter ant guilds. The guild proportionality assembly rule was confirmed for most guilds, Suggesting that there are guild-specific limitations on species coexistence within assemblages; on the other hand, in a few cases the variance in guild proportion was greater than expected under the null assumptions. Other studies on ant functional group classification are partially supported by our quantitative morphological analysis. Our results, however, imply that there are more compartments than indicated in previous models, particularly among cryptic species (confined to soil and litter) and tropical climate specialists. We argue that a general null model for the analysis of species association based oil morphology can reveal objectively defined groups and may thus contribute to a robust theory to explain community structure in general and have important consequences on studies of litter ant community ecology in particular.

Consecuencias geomorfológicas del abandono agrícola en la cuenca del Guiniguada (Gran Canaria, Islas Canarias) : aplicación a la conservación del patrimonio de bancales

Doctorado en Geografía y ordenación del territorio

Un algoritmo di rotazione di immagini per la decorazione digitale ceramica

L'attività di tesi è stata svolta presso la divisione System Ceramics della società System Group S.p.A. di Fiorano Modenese (MO) che si occupa dello sviluppo di soluzioni per l'industria ceramica, tra cui la decorazione delle piastrelle. Tipicamente nelle industrie ceramiche la movimentazione dei pezzi è effettuata tramite nastro trasportatore e durante il trasporto i pezzi possono subire leggeri movimenti. Se il pezzo non viene allineato alla stampante prima della fase di decorazione la stampa risulta disallineata e vi possono essere alcune zone non stampate lungo i bordi del pezzo. Perciò prima di procedere con la decorazione è fondamentale correggere il disallineamento. La soluzione più comune è installare delle guide all'ingresso del sistema di decorazione. Oltre a non consentire un’alta precisione, questa soluzione si dimostra inadatta nel caso la decorazione venga applicata in fasi successive da stampanti diverse. Il reparto di ricerca e sviluppo di System Ceramics ha quindi ideato una soluzione diversa e innovativa seguendo l'approccio inverso: allineare la grafica via software a ogni pezzo in base alla sua disposizione, invece che intervenire fisicamente modificandone la posizione. Il nuovo processo di stampa basato sull'allineamento software della grafica consiste nel ricavare inizialmente la disposizione di ogni piastrella utilizzando un sistema di visione artificiale posizionato sul nastro prima della stampante. Successivamente la grafica viene elaborata in base alla disposizione del pezzo ed applicata una volta che il pezzo arriva presso la zona di stampa. L'attività di tesi si è focalizzata sulla fase di rotazione della grafica ed è consistita nello studio e nell’ottimizzazione del prototipo di applicazione esistente al fine di ridurne i tempi di esecuzione. Il prototipo infatti, sebbene funzionante, ha un tempo di esecuzione così elevato da risultare incompatibile con la velocità di produzione adottata dalle industrie ceramiche.

Optimizing Functional Network Representation of Multivariate Time Series

By combining complex network theory and data mining techniques, we provide objective criteria for optimization of the functional network representation of generic multivariate time series. In particular, we propose a method for the principled selection of the threshold value for functional network reconstruction from raw data, and for proper identification of the network's indicators that unveil the most discriminative information on the system for classification purposes. We illustrate our method by analysing networks of functional brain activity of healthy subjects, and patients suffering from Mild Cognitive Impairment, an intermediate stage between the expected cognitive decline of normal aging and the more pronounced decline of dementia. We discuss extensions of the scope of the proposed methodology to network engineering purposes, and to other data mining tasks.

Psychological Perspectives on the Civil Liberties of Transgendered Inmates in a Prison Setting

As society becomes increasingly less binary, and moves towards a more spectrum based approach to mental illness, medical illness, and personality, it becomes necessary to address this shift within formerly rigid institutions. This paper explores this shift as it is occurring within correctional settings around the United States concerning the medical care, housing, and safety of transgendered inmates. As there is no legal standard for the housing or access to gender-affirming medical care (i.e., hormone therapy, sexual reassignment surgery), these issues are addressed on an institutional level, with very little consistency throughout the country. Currently, most institutions follow a genitalia-based system of classification. Within the system, core beliefs are held, some adaptive and some no longer adaptive, that drive the system's behavior and outcomes. With regard to transgendered inmates, several underlying beliefs within the system serve to maintain the status quo; however, the most basic underpinning is the system's reliance on a binary gender system. As views of humane treatment of the incarcerated expand and modernize, the role of mental health within corrections has also expanded. Psychologists, social workers, counselors, and psychiatrists are found in almost all correctional facilities, and have become a voice of advocacy for an often underserved population.

Greater TTIP Ambition in Chemicals: Why and how. CEPS Special Report, 28 July 2015. Paper No. 10 in the CEPS-CTR project ‘TTIP in the Balance’ and CEPS Special Report No. 114/July 2015.

To date, the negotiations over chemicals in the Translatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) have not shown sufficient ambition. The talks have focused too much on the differences in the two ‘systems’, rather than on the actual levels of health and environmental protection for substances regulated by both the US and the EU. Given the accomplishments within the OECD and the UN Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), the question is whether TTIP can be any more ambitious in the area of chemicals? We find that there is no detailed or systematic knowledge about how the two levels of protection in chemicals compare, although caricatures and stereotypes abound. This is partly due to an obsessive focus on a single US federal law, the Toxic Subtances Control Act (TSCA), whereas in practice US protection depends on many statutes and regulations, as well as on voluntary withdrawals (under pressure from the Environmental Protection Agency) and severe common law liability. This paper makes the economic case for firmly addressing the regulatory barriers, discusses the EU’s proposals, finds that the European Parliament’s Resolution on TTIP of July 2015 lacks a rationale (for chemicals), argues that both TSCA and REACH ought to be improved (based on ‘better regulation’), discusses the link with a global regime, advocates significant improvement of market access where equivalence of health and environmental objectives is agreed and, finally, proposes to lower the costs for companies selling in both markets by allowing them to opt into the other party’s more stringent rules, thereby avoiding duplication while racing-to-the-top. The ‘living agreement’ on chemicals ought to be led by a new TTIP institution authorised to establish the level of health and environmental protection on both sides of the Atlantic for substances regulated on both sides. These findings will lay the foundation for a highly beneficial lowering of trading costs without in any way affecting the level of protection. Indeed, this is exactly what TTIP is, or should be, all about.This paper is the 10th in a series produced in the context of the “TTIP in the Balance” project, jointly organised by CEPS and the Center for Transatlantic Relations (CTR) in Washington, D.C. It is published simultaneously on the CEPS (www.ceps.eu) and CTR websites (http://transatlantic.sais-jhu.edu).

A method for determining drainage areas, flow distances, and civil areas for water quality subsegments in Illinois /

Cover title.

A mass balance accounting procedure for estimating contributions to water quality /

Bibliography: p. 12.

An application of factor analysis to water quality data /

Cover title.

Analysis of the sulfur content of Illinois streams, with emphasis on contributions from the atmosphere /

Cover title.

Analysis of water quality standards, Upper Sangamon Basin, Illinois /

Cover title.

Analysis of water quality : Rock River Basin in Illinois /

Cover title.

Analysis of water quality in the Galesburg Plain (McKee Creek, Lamoine River, Sugar Creek, Spoon River, and Kickapoo Creek), Illinois /

Bibliography: p. 30-1 to 30-4.

Analysis of water quality : upper Kaskaskia River Basin, Illinois /

Bibliography: p. 31-1-31-4.

Land-use contribution to in-stream constituent loadings /

Bibliography: p. 18.