Russia and the Common Space on Freedom, Security and Justice. CEPS Paper on Liberty and Security in Europe No. 54, 25 February 2013

EU-Russia cooperation in the framework of the Common Space on Freedom, Security and Justice, launched almost a decade ago in 2003, has borne fruit more in the security aspects than the justice and liberty-related policy areas. This study assesses the uneven cooperation on justice and home affairs between the EU and Russia, while delving into the intersection between cooperation on justice, liberty and security and the promotion of human rights, democracy and rule of law in EU-Russia relations. The study concludes by proposing a set of policy recommendations to the European Parliament for playing a more active role in this important field of cooperation between the EU and Russia.

EU Law, International Law and Economic Sanctions against Terrorism: The Judiciary in Distress? Research Papers in Law, 3/2008

From the Introduction. This article seeks to examine the relationship between European Union law, international law, and the protection of fundamental rights in the light of recent case law of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) and the Court of First Instance (CFI) relating to economic sanctions against individuals. On 3 September 2008, the ECJ delivered its long-awaited judgment in Kadi and Al Barakaat on appeal from the CFI.3 In its judgment under appeal,4 the CFI had held that the European Community (EC) is competent to adopt regulations imposing economic sanctions against private organisations in pursuance of UN Security Council (UNSC) Resolutions seeking to combat terrorism; that although the EC is not bound directly by the UN Charter, it is bound pursuant to the EC Treaty to respect international law and give effect to UNSC; and that the CFI has jurisdiction to examine the compatibility of EC regulations implementing UNSC resolutions with fundamental rights not as protected by the EC but as protected by jus cogens. On appeal, following the Opinion of Maduro AG, the ECJ rejected the CFI’s approach. It held that UNSC resolutions are binding only in international law. It subjected the contested regulations to full review under EC human rights standards and found them in breach of the right to a hearing, the right to judicial protection and the right to property. Kadi and Al Barakaat is the most important judgment ever delivered by the ECJ on the relationship between EC and international law and one of its most important judgments on fundamental rights. It is imbued by constitutional confidence, commitment to the rule of law but also some scepticism towards international law. In the meantime, the CFI has delivered a number of other judgments on anti-terrorist sanctions assessing the limits of the “emergency constitution” at European level. The purpose of this paper is to examine the above case law and explore the dilemmas and tensions facing the EU judiciary in seeking to define and protect the EU’s distinct constitutional space. It is divided as follows. It first looks at the judgment in Kadi. After a short presentation of the factual and legal background, it explores the question whether the EU has competence to adopt smart sanctions. It then examines whether the EU is bound by resolutions of the Security Council, whether the ECJ has jurisdiction to review Community measures implementing such resolutions and the applicable standard of judicial scrutiny. It analyses the contrasting views of the CFI, the Advocate General, and the ECJ taking account also of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). Further, it explores the consequences of annulling the contested regulation. It then turns to discussing CFI case law in relation to sanctions lists drawn up not by the UN Security Council but by the EC. The paper concludes by welcoming the judgment of the ECJ. Whilst its reasoning on the issue of Community competence is questionable, once such competence is established, it is difficult to support the abrogation of Community standards for the protection of fundamental rights. Such standards should ensure procedural due process whilst recognising the importance of public security.

Decentralisation of EC Competition Law Enforcement and General Principles of Community Law. Research Papers in Law, 4/2004

From the Introduction. By virtue of Council Regulation No. 1/2003, as of 1st May 2004 the full application of EC competition law will be entrusted to national competition authorities (hereinafter NCAs) and national courts. The bold reform of EC competition law enforcement adheres to the system of executive federalism1 which characterises the EC legal system. The repartition of competences within the Community allocates implementation of Community law mainly at Member States level. Pursuant to Article 10 EC, they are responsible for the implementation of the measures which have been adopted at Community level for the achievement of the objectives specified in the EC Treaty. Consequently, the attainment of the Community objectives depends very much upon the cooperation of national authorities, which act in accordance with their own national procedural rules.2 The various national procedural rules present themselves as conduits through which Community law is implemented and enforced. While as a rule Community law is not designed to alter national procedural rules, the Community legal order cannot afford to leave national procedural rules untouched when they are liable to hamper the effective application of Community law....For reason of space, this contribution intends only to highlight some aspects of Regulation No. 1/2003 with regard to which general principles of Community law are able to condition national procedural rules.

Law Building

Jordan & Anderson, architects. Completed in 1863. Served as Law School for 60 years; contained University Chapel until 1873 and Library until 1883. Addition in 1893 included tower; additional space added in 1898. Tower removed in 1898 addition and renovation. Room for Regents built in new south wing; they met there for 35 years. Upon completion of Hutchins Hall in 1933, the Law Building was renamed Haven Hall and was used by Literature Science & the Arts. It burned on June 6, 1950. It was located at the northwest corner of the Diag, corner of State and North University.

Law Building

Jordan & Anderson, architects. Completed in 1863. Served as Law School for 60 years; contained University Chapel until 1873 and Library until 1883. Addition in 1893 included tower; additional space added in 1898. Tower removed in 1898 addition and renovation. Room for Regents built in new south wing; they met there for 35 years. Upon completion of Hutchins Hall in 1933, the Law Building was renamed Haven Hall and was used by Literature Science & the Arts. It burned on June 6, 1950. It was located at the northwest corner of the Diag, corner of State and North University.

Law Building

Jordan & Anderson, architects. Completed in 1863. Served as Law School for 60 years; contained University Chapel until 1873 and Library until 1883. Addition in 1893 included tower; additional space added in 1898. Tower removed in 1898 addition and renovation. Room for Regents built in new south wing; they met there for 35 years. Upon completion of Hutchins Hall in 1933, the Law Building was renamed Haven Hall and was used by Literature Science & the Arts. It burned on June 6, 1950. It was located at the northwest corner of the Diag, corner of State and North University. With picket fence.

Law Building

Jordan & Anderson, architects. Completed in 1863. Served as Law School for 60 years; contained University Chapel until 1873 and Library until 1883. Addition in 1893 included tower; additional space added in 1898. Tower removed in 1898 addition and renovation. Room for Regents built in new south wing; they met there for 35 years. Upon completion of Hutchins Hall in 1933, the Law Building was renamed Haven Hall and was used by Literature Science & the Arts. It burned on June 6, 1950. It was located at the northwest corner of the Diag, corner of State and North University. With picket fence. On verso: Photographed in 1887 by A.L. Colton, class of '89.

Law Building

Jordan & Anderson, architects. Completed in 1863. Served as Law School for 60 years; contained University Chapel until 1873 and Library until 1883. Addition in 1893 included tower; additional space added in 1898. Tower removed in 1898 addition and renovation. Room for Regents built in new south wing; they met there for 35 years. Upon completion of Hutchins Hall in 1933, the Law Building was renamed Haven Hall and was used by Literature Science & the Arts. It burned on June 6, 1950. It was located at the northwest corner of the Diag, corner of State and North University. Several people in distance.

Law Building

Jordan & Anderson, architects. Completed in 1863. Served as Law School for 60 years; contained University Chapel until 1873 and Library until 1883. Addition in 1893 included tower; additional space added in 1898. Tower removed in 1898 addition and renovation. Room for Regents built in new south wing; they met there for 35 years. Upon completion of Hutchins Hall in 1933, the Law Building was renamed Haven Hall and was used by Literature Science & the Arts. It burned on June 6, 1950. It was located at the northwest corner of the Diag, corner of State and North University.

Industrial process and space heat from nuclear reactors : a literature search /

"October 1959."

Environmental safety aspects of nuclear rocket flight operations : annual progress report : for Space Nuclear Propulsion Office, Atomic Energy Commission, National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

"Contract SNPC-6".

Democratic governance and the rule of law : lessons from Colombia /

"Colombia has experienced conflict for decades. In the 1990s it was a paradigm of the failing state, beset with all manner of troubles: terrorism, kidnapping, murder, drug trafficking, corruption, an economic downturn of major scope, general lawlessness, and brain drain. Today the country is much safer, and the agents of violence are clearly on the defensive. Nonetheless, much work lies ahead to secure the democratic system. Security and the rule of law are fundamental to the task. As the monopoly over the legitimate use of force is established, democratic governance also needs the architecture of law: ministry of justice, courts, legislative scrutiny, law enforcement agencies, regulatory bodies, public defenders, police, correctional system, legal statutes, contracts, university level academic education to train lawyers, judges, and investigators, along with engagement with civil society to promote a culture of lawfulness. Security without the rule of law puts a society at risk of falling into a Hobbesian hell."--P. v.

Space management and the courts : a summary /

"This summary is based on Space Management and the Courts.-- Design Handbook prepared under Grant Nos. NI 70-040 and NI 71-059 from the National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice ... "

Design guidelines for creating defensible space /

Includes bibliographical references.

Space Science Building

The Architects Collective, Inc., architect. On verso: Ann Arbor News shot. NASA Space Sciences Bldg. 7-64