1000 resultados para Sistema GPS
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Este trabalho tem a finalidade de fornecer os elementos necessários à montagem de um SIG para gerenciamento e controle de obras públicas, tendo como ponto de partida as relacionadas às estradas de terra, portanto na área rural do município, podendo, ser estendido as outras áreas da gestão pública. A preferência pela questão viária dá-se pelo fato dela ter grande apelo econômico e relativa facilidade de aquisição dos planos de informação, quais sejam: malha viária, pontos notáveis, obras de arte, drenagem, relevo e solo. Planos de informação pertinentes à malha viária, aos pontos notáveis e às obras de arte, adquiridos em levantamento de campo com GPS, e drenagem, relevo e solo adquiridos via vetorização de plantas existentes. Através de um programa de apoio à gerência denominado SISGEM - Sistema de Gerência de Estradas Municipais - pode-se obter dados a respeito da produção, produtividade, custos, etc, gerando atributos aos geo objetos dos planos de informação descritos acima, e, desta forma, permitindo o cruzamento de planos de informações vetoriais com os relatórios gerados a partir dos trabalhos realizados.
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Este estudo analisou variações mensais na dinâmica populacional, biomassa aérea, taxas de crescimento e produção primária de Zizaniopsis bonariensis, uma macrófita aquática emergente, no Sistema Hidrológico do Taim, RS, durante o ano de 2004. Indivíduos fotossinteticamente ativos tiveram todas suas folhas etiquetadas, quantificações de incrementos em biomassa foram determinadas de modo não destrutivo através de quadros experimentais “in situ”. Variáveis alométricas foliares como comprimento de tecido clorofilado e senescente e diâmetro basal de centenas de indivíduos foram mensuradas em campo e convertidas em biomassa através da regressão da área da superfície foliar contra biomassa. Devido à emergência contínua de indivíduos de Z.bonariensis durante todo o ano, coortes mensais foram recrutadas e monitoradas. Variações na biomassa desta espécie também foram avaliadas de modo destrutivo através de blocos de colheita. Os dados obtidos foram utilizados para calcular a Produção Primária Aérea Anual (PPAA) com base em nove métodos de estimativa: Pico Anual de Biomassa; Pico Anual de Biomassa modificado; Milner & Hughes (IBP); Smalley; Valiela et al; Curva de Allen; Soma dos Máximos de Biomassa; Soma de Incrementos e Crescimento Instantâneo. A taxa media mensal de emergência de brotos foi de 11,7ind m-2, sem evidências de pulsos de emergência em função de mudanças sazonais. A densidade média foi de 48 ind m-2. A longevidade das coortes foi estimada em 10,5 meses, e taxa de mortalidade aumentou após o período reprodutivo, sugerindo preliminarmente influência da sazonalidade sobre estas variáveis A biomassa média das coortes aumentou durante o período reprodutivo, demonstrando alto investimento reprodutivo, sendo o maior valor registrado em outubro, 39,96 gPS m-2, pela coorte de janeiro. A taxa de crescimento relativo se mostrou maior durante o primeiro mês após emergência entre todas as coortes, 0,048 g PSm-2d-1. A biomassa clorofilada dos quadros experimentais decresceu no inverno, voltando a aumentar durante a primavera. A PPAA foi estimada em 2870 gPS m-2. Dos métodos utilizados, apenas o método de Milner & Hughes (não-destrutivo) se mostrou adequado, enquanto os baseados em dados de colheita (destrutivo) subestimaram a produção real de Z. bonariensis.
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The materials engineering includes processes and products involving several areas of engineering, allowing them to prepare materials that fulfill the needs of various new products. In this case, this work aims to study a system composed of cement paste and geopolymers, which can contribute to solving an engineering problem that directly involves the exploitation of oil wells subject to loss of circulation. To correct it, has been already proposed the use of granular materials, fibers, reducing the drilling fluid or cement paste density and even surface and downhole mixed systems. In this work, we proposed the development of a slurry mixed system, the first was a cement-based slurry and the second a geopolymer-based slurry. The cement-based slurry was formulated with low density and extenders, 12.0 ppg (1.438 g/cm ³), showing great thixotropic characteristics. It was added nano silica at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 gps (66.88, 133.76 and 200.64 L/m3) and CaCl2 at concentrations of 0.5, 1, 0 and 1.5%. The second system is a geopolymer-based paste formulated from molar ratios of 3.5 (nSiO2/nAl2O3), 0.27 (nK2O/nSiO2), 1.07 (nK2O/nAl2O3) and 13.99 (nH2O/nK2O). Finally, we performed a mixture of these two systems, for their application for correction of circulation lost. To characterize the raw materials, XRD, XRF, FTIR analysis and titration were performed. The both systems were characterized in tests based on API RP10B. Compressive strength tests were conducted after curing for 24 hours, 7 and 28 days at 58 °C on the cement-based system and the geopolymer-based system. From the mixtures have been performed mixability tests and micro structural characterizations (XRD, SEM and TG). The results showed that the nano silica, when combined with CaCl2 modified the rheological properties of the cement slurry and from the concentration of 1.5 gpc (200.64 L / m³) it was possible to obtain stable systems. The system mixture caused a change in the microstructure of the material by favoring the rate of geopolymer formation to hinder the C3S phase hydration, thus, the production of CSH phases and Portlandite were harmed. Through the mixability tests it can be concluded that the system, due to reduced setting time of the mixture, can be applied to plug lost circulation zones when mixed downhole
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Embedded systems are widely spread nowadays. An example is the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), which is a high processing power device. This work s contribution consist of exposing DSP implementation of the system logic for detecting leaks in real time. Among the various methods of leak detection available today this work uses a technique based on the pipe pressure analysis and usesWavelet Transform and Neural Networks. In this context, the DSP, in addition to do the pressure signal digital processing, also communicates to a Global Positioning System (GPS), which helps in situating the leak, and to a SCADA, sharing information. To ensure robustness and reliability in communication between DSP and SCADA the Modbus protocol is used. As it is a real time application, special attention is given to the response time of each of the tasks performed by the DSP. Tests and leak simulations were performed using the structure of Laboratory of Evaluation of Measurement in Oil (LAMP), at Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)
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Activities that use Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) are countless and the most used one is the Global Positioning System (GPS) developed by the United States. In precision agriculture there are demands for static and cinematic positioning with distinct levels of accuracy for different applications; nevertheless cinematic performance data are not available as manufacturers of GPS receivers present only static performance information. For this reason it was developed an instrumented vehicle to test a methodology of performance evaluation of GPS receivers in kinematic conditions, which is representative to agricultural operations. A set of instrumentation was composed and used for collecting data under variable speed and rotation direction. Tests were conducted showing that the methodology allows to measure accuracy and precision, but improvements have to be implemented on the instrumentation equipment for long term tests.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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The objective of this work was to implant a geodesic pillar in the campus of Botucatu (Rubião Júnior) of the São Paulo State University (UNESP), using active stations of the Brazilian Net of Continuous Monitoring (RBMC) as reference, aiming at inclusion in the Brazilian Geodesic System (BGS). In the planning of the trace, some aspects of the pillar optimization were considered: the field evaluation, the equipment Receiver GPS Topcon Hiper GGD and the net RBMC were used to trace the height, and the Topcon Tools 6.04 version software was use for the data processing, the ambiguity solution, as well as the treatment of injunctions during the column adjustment. The obtained results allowed the implantation of a more accurate pillar then 1ppm compatible to the RBMC net, meeting the specification of IBGE.
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Sugarcane is one of the most important crops of the Brazilian agribusiness and this importance justifies the use of techniques that allow the implementation of cultivation systems capable of reducing the variability of soil characteristics and the establishment of efficient agricultural planning. The aim of the present work was the planning and implementation of cultivation systems for sugarcane using geostatistical techniques, in the Pereira Barreto region, SP. An area of 505 ha was mapped using the global positioning system (GPS) and a Digital Elevation Model was elaborated (MDE). Soil samples were collected for 0-0.25 m depth, in each 7 ha, for their chemical attributes and texture characterization. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and geostatistics. The determination of the spatial distribution of soil granulometric and chemical attributes allowed the allocation of the studied sugarcane varieties according to soil fertility and clay content. The kriging maps of soil granulometric and chemical attributes brought useful information to the establishment of production environments with different soil and crop managements. The identification of different environments by means of geostatistical techniques allowed the precise planning of the sugarcane cultivation, as well as the adequacy of fertilization practices and the allocation of suitable sugarcane varieties adapted to the conditions imposed by differences in the soil attributes.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Cartográficas - FCT
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Avaliação de funções para modelagem do efeito da refratação ionosférica na propagação dos sinais GPS
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)