Implementação de um sistema eletrônico para medir taxa de fluência de energia de radiação na faixa de radioterapia com sensor piroelétrico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O que dizem teses e dissertações sobre relações raciais em educação (2004-2013)

O presente estudo analisa teses e dissertações brasileiras relacionadas com o tema Educação e Relações Raciais defendidas entre os anos de 2004-2013, cujo objetivo é identificar o que dizem as produções acadêmicas em relação à educação e relações raciais neste período. Com este intuito, foi realizada uma pesquisa do tipo qualitativa por meio da modalidade estudo bibliográfico utilizando-se o procedimento de coleta on-line de dados efetivada a partir do acesso ao sítio da Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações. Para o tratamento das informações recorreu-se à análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2011) como aporte metodológico e ao conceito de campo em Bourdieu (1974, 1976, 1983,1994, 1995,1998, 2003), enquanto aporte teórico. O resultado da investigação aponta para a acrescente abordagem sobre o tema relações como: movimentos sociais; identidades; racismo; formação de professores; propostas e práticas pedagógicas; memórias; ações afirmativas e políticas educacionais; currículos e programas; instrumentos pedagógicos; estado da arte, concepções teóricas, dentre outros, o que possibilita a visibilidade dos debates e favorece a criação de um campo em que disputas de força e sentidos podem mobilizar um poder simbólico capaz de impulsionar a superação da condição de exclusão social presente em diferentes esferas da sociedade.

Efeitos biológicos da radioterapia na expressão do fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF) durante a odontotogênese em camundongos (Mus musculus)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Segundo tumor primário, radioinduzido, em pacientes com neoplasias de próstata, após radioterapia

Pós-graduação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Biotecnologia Médica) - FMB

Uso da entrevista em dissertações e teses produzidas em um programa de pós-graduação em educação

The interview has been a widely used procedure of research in humanities. Despite the frequent use, researches are not always supported in the literature on research methodology. The aim of this study was to analyze how the interview was used in dissertations and theses in a graduate Program in Education at a university in Sao Paulo state. This study examined 167 final papers developed in to period of five years. Variables focused were: justification for the use of interview, type of interview used, guide elaboration and adaptation, kind of analysis, among others. The results showed that it is still necessary to incorporate the contents of the research methodology underlying the use of the interview to achieve the scientific rigor for this procedure.

Mobiliários adaptados para pessoas com paralisia cerebral: um levantamento das teses e dissertações produzidas no Brasil

The Assistive Technology makes the lives of people without disabilities more practical, but for people with disabilities it can make things possible. For these individuals can provide the conditions, making their limitations are not obstacles to their social and personal empowerment, and may contribute to their effective participation in tasks that were previously impossible, such as remaining seated correctly. A segment on which the necessary assistive technology works, is the adaptation of furniture such as chairs, tables, chairs-to-wheels for individuals with disabilities, as well as cerebral palsy. The study aimed to conduct a survey and brief description of theses and dissertations produced in Brazil on furniture adapted for students with cerebral palsy. We made searching in databases of libraries of major universities and federal state national banks, theses and dissertations. Nine studies were selected for description. It was concluded that there is a considerable array of professionals, both in engineering as the field of rehabilitation, to contribute in the adaptation, creation and even the manufacture of furniture for children with cerebral palsy and that the securities most studied are the chairs and their components.

Estado da arte sobre sexualidade e educação sexual: estudo analítico-descritivo de teses e dissertações produzidas na Universidade Estadual Paulista

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada (IMRT): princípios e técnicas

Neste trabalho, o tema central será a Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada (IMRT). Quanto a metodologia, trata-se fundamentalmente de uma pesquisa bibliográfica somada ao acompanhamento da rotina da IMRT no Hospital Sírio Libanês e do acompanhamento do controle de qualidade do planejamento com o equipamento MapCHECK no Hospital A. C. Camargo. Os principais objetivos deste trabalho são: descrever a técnica, os seus princípios de funcionamento, os testes de aceite, o comissionamento, o controle de qualidade e a rotina clínica. Para desta maneira, avaliar a IMRT, a sua viabilidade e a importância do físico e da equipe multiprofissional no processo de implementação

Radioterapia com elétrons

Radiotherapy is a field of medical physics, which has been going through a scientific and technological advancement, it is extreme important the professionals that work in this area continuous their study to improve the quality of service provided. For it, they should know the physical principles related as well their employment in radiotherapy. The electrons have been using in therapy of superficial tumors, because they show rapid decrease of dose in depth, they don’t expose the deeper tissues to radiation. The electron therapy has replaced the surface therapy with x-ray and mold brachytherapy, and nowadays, it represents 10 to 15% of radiotherapy treatments. This study brings the definition of physical parameters used in the dosimetry of electron beam, describes the tests for quality control of linear accelerator with a electrons beam, as well the activities realized in the Radiotherapy Division, of Hospital de Clinicas, in the Universidade Estadual of Campinas, in the Clinac 2100C machine

Levantamento radiométrico, cálculo de blindagem e planejamentos rotineiros realizados no Instituto de Radioterapia do Vale do Paraíba e no Hospital Regional de Taubaté no período de 2006, 2007,e 2008

Not only the progress of the radiotherapy, but also the improve of the dose in the patient with adjusted radiotherapy plannings, calculation of shield, radiometric survey, among others, are responsibilities of the medical physic inside of a sector of radiotherapy. This monograph has as objective to above show some of these cited functions of the medical physicis, starting with a theoretical basement and at as a moment to present the calculations and the results found during a visit in the Institute of Radiotherapy of the Valley of the Paraíba, located in the city of São José dos Campos, and in the Regional Hospital of Taubaté in the period of 2006, 2007 and 2008

Educação ambiental e as dimensões local e global apresentadas em teses e dissertações

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Dosimetria Física e Controle de Qualidade em Radioterapia

Radiotherapy is a multidisciplinary speciality which uses complex equipment and radiation sources for delivery of treatment, using high-energy ionizing radiation to treat cancer at several stages of complexity. Since radiation therapy is a technique which involves a precalculated radiation dose, it shall be established quality assurance programs that provide an efficient and safety treatment. The International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) report No. 50 has recommended dose uniformity between 5% of the prescribed dose throughout the region of interest. This is one of the most primordial points that justify the importance of a suitable attendance of the equipments quality and performance. For quality control, the medical physicist will be involved with establishing and running a Quality Control Program (QCP). He must adapt or develop the procedures of equipment acceptance and commissioning, besides verifying the use of principles and accepted protocols of national and international reports to assure the correct quality, quantity, and placement of radiation during the performance of a radiological procedure, establishing adequate protocols to ensure accurate patient dosimetry. This present work consists of a description of the activities carried through the Sectors of Radiation Therapy of the Hospital of Clinics of the Campinas State University (Unicamp), particularly in the implementation of the Quality Control Program

Controle de qualidade em radioterapia: dosimetria de fótons em acelerador linear – Mevatron MXT

The treatment of a tumor with ionizing radiation is an ongoing process with well differentiated stages. These ones include the tumor diagnosis and location, the decision on the treatment strategy, the absorbed dose planning and calculation, the treatment administration, the absorbed dose verification and the evaluation of results in short and long terms. The quality of a radiotherapy procedure is closely linked to factors that may be classified as clinical, such as the diagnosis, the tumor location, the treatment strategy chosen and the continuous treatment reassessment; dosimetric or physical, such as the uncertainty in the dose calculation, its optimization and verification, the suitability of the equipment to provide a radiation beam consistent with the treatment planning; finally, others which are related to the practical application of radiotherapy treatment and the handling of the patient. In order to analyze the radiotherapy quality, one should realize that the three aspects (medical, physical or dosimetric and practical application) should be considered in a combined way. This means that numerous actions of the radiotherapists, medical physicists and technicians in radiotherapy should be held jointly and their knowledge level will significantly affect the treatment quality. In this study, the main physical parameters used in dosimetry are defined as well as determined experimentally for a linear accelerator Mevatron - MXT. With this, it is intended to provide recommendations for the physical aspects of Quality Assurance (QA) in the radiotherapy treatments, and these will usually be applied by professionals in Medical Physics. In addition to these instructions, it is recommended that additional texts are prepared to address in detail the clinical aspects of the treatments QA

Método de pontos interiores no planejamento ótimo do tratamento de câncer por radioterapia

The Medical Physics has been developing very fast due to the progress of the technologies and to the increase of the concerns with cure of diseases. One of the Medical Physics main performances at the present time is the use of ionizing radiations for cancer treatment, especially, services as Radiotherapy. The radiotherapy technique uses ionizing radiation with therapeutic end of cancer controls, avoiding your proliferation and it worsens of the patient. For the treatment a radiation bunch is used, with rectangular form, that it passes through the different types of tissues of the patient's body, and depending on the attenuation and of the depth of the fabrics, a great amount of energy is deposited inside in different points of the body. Like this, to plan this treatment type it should be obtained the dimension of the distribution and dose absorption along the volume. For this, it is necessary in the planning of the treatment of the cancer for radiotherapy to build isodose curves, which are lines that represent points of same amount of dose to be deposited in the area to be treated. To aid the construction of the curves of form isodose to reach the best result in the planning of the treatment, in other words, a great planning, providing the maximum of dose in the tumor and saving the healthy and critical organs, it has been using mathematical tools and computational. A plan of cancer treatment for radiotherapy is considered great when all the parameters that involve the treatment, be them physical or biological, they were investigated and adapted individually for the patient. For that, is considered the type and the location of the tumor, worrying about the elimination of the cancer without damaging the healthy tissue of the treated area, mainly the risk organs, which are in general very sensitive to the radiations. This way, the optimization techniques... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Análise do plano de radioproteção em radioterapia

Ionizing radiation is used nowadays in various sectors such as agriculture, industry and medicine. The main specialties of medicine which use radiation are the diagnostic radiology, nuclear medicine and radiotherapy. Radiotherapy is a therapeutic modality that is a well established feature for the treatment of malignant disease or not. However, the inadvertent use of ionizing radiation can produce deleterious effects that result in sequels that compromise the welfare of the people involved. The analysis of radiological protection emphasizes the importance of avoiding inappropriate exhibitions aimed at protecting the health of patients, the professionals involved and the general public. The basic principles of radioprotection are justification, optimization and restriction for individual dosage. The departments of radiotherapy are regulated in accordance with specific technical standards of the National Commission of Nuclear Energy (CNEN), which during the inspection for issue and renewal of the authorization of operation requires the submission of a radioprotection plan, this document that requires great demand of time, and has generated much debate among professionals in medical physics, given the difficulties encountered in their preparation. After examining the radioprotection plan of some radiotherapy services, as suggested in order to guide those responsible for drawing up these plans, especially beginners in the career of the physics of radiation, this paper presents a model plan that is in line radioprotection it requires the Technical Standards of CNEN and can easily be the reality of appropriate services